AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

Traditions and Encounters Ch. 32 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
3223034104Hong Xiuquanthe leader of the Taiping Rebellion was?0
3223034105Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peacein 1851, Hong Xiuquan proclaimed his own dynasty, the Taiping tianguo, which meant?1
3223034106Egyptthe most significant territorial loss for the Ottomans was?2
3223034107the general who built a powerful army based on European forces and ruled egypt- remained nominally subordinate to the Ottoman sultanMuhammad Ali was?3
3223034108Ottoman Empirethe capitulations were unfair trading agreements between the western Europeans and the?4
3223034109IS: exempted European visitors from ottoman law, provided Europe with extraterritoriality, permitted foreign governments to levy duties on goods sold in Ottoman portswhich of the following statement is not true about the capitulations?5
3223034110embarked on a program to remodel his army along the lines of European forces. reform continued from earlier- limit tax, increase ag. prod. end corruptionin the early 19th century, the Ottoman Sultan Selim III?6
3223034111Mahmud IIwhat was the name of the sultan, who, in 1826, had mutinous Janissaries slaughtered and thus open the door for further reform within the Ottoman Empire?7
3223034112WAS:capitulations lifted, new civil code, commercial code, penal code, maritime code, (N-C,SPM) public trials guaranteed, equality before the law, education reformwhich of the following is not a reform proposed in the Tanzimat era?8
3223034113a group who agitated for individual freedom, local autonomy, and political decentralizationthe Young Ottomans were?9
3223034114was pushed to accept a constitution and establish rep.government-- within a year; suspended constitution, ruled autocratically for 30 years, developed army/admin. according to Tanzimat principlesSultan Abdul Hamid II?10
3223034115was: universal suffrage, equality before the law, freedom of religion, free public education, secularization of the state, emancipation of womenwhich of the following was not one of the leading principles of the Young Turks?11
3223034116making Turkish the official language of the empirewhich of the following Young Turk proposals caused the most dissension in the empire?12
3223034117Proclamation of the Young Turksthe stipulation, "In order to obtain for Ottoman citizens an education of a homogeneous and uniform character, the official schools will be open, their instruction will be free, and all nationalities will be admitted," is from what document?13
3223034118Crimean Warwhich of the following accounts for beginning of the social reform movement in Russia in the 19th century?14
3223034119Russiansa defeat in the Crimean War stopped expansion by the?15
3223034120emancipation of the serfsthe key to social reform in Russia was?16
3223034121Tsar Alexander IIthe Russian serfs were emancipated by?17
3223034122a few peasants prospered as a result of emancipation, but most found themselves in debt for the rest of their lives./ resulted in little if any increase in ag. productionthe emancipation of the Russian serfs..?18
3223034123or elected district assembliesas part of the Russian reforms, during the reign of Alexander II the government created zemstvos..?19
3223034124Count Sergei Witte, minister of financethe prime mover behind russian industrialization was?20
3223034125a massive program of railway constructionthe centerpiece of Sergei Witte's Russian industrial policy was?21
3223034126were miserablethe working conditions of the growing Russian industrial class in St. Petersburg and Moscow?22
3223034127the Land and Freedom PartyTsar Alexander II was assassinated in 1881 by?23
3223034128championed oppression and police control and embarked on expansionist ventures in east Asiaafter the assassination of Alexander II, his successor Nicholas II..?24
3223034129a Japanese surprise attack on the Russian naval squadron at Port Arthur in February 1904the decisive factor in the Russo-Japanese War was?25
3223034130led to revolution and the establishment of the Duma, Russia's first parliamentary institutionthe 1905 Bloody Sunday massacre eventually..?26
3223034131was given the task of destroying the opium tradeLin Zexu?27
3223034132British commercial agents pressed their government into a military retaliation designed to reopen the opium tradethe decisive point in the Opium War was?28
3223034133Nanjingthe Opium War ended the signing of the Treaty of?29
3223034134Lin Zexuwho wrote, "as months accumulate and years pass by, the poison they have produced increases in its wicked intensity, and its repugnant odor reaches as high as the sky"?30
3223034135was: Nian, Muslim, Tungan, Taipingwhich of the following was not a rebellion that threatened China in the 19th century?31
3223034136was: abolition of private property, creation of communal wealth to be shared according to needs, prohibition of footbinding/concubinage,free public education, literacy for the masses, simplification of written languagewhich of the following was not one of the principles of the Taiping Rebellion?32
3223034137Chinathe Self-Strengthening Movement was an attempt to blend indigenous cultural traditions with western technology in?33
3223034138empress dowager Cixifor most of the last 50 years of the Qing dynasty, China was ruled by?34
3223034139distrust among the foreign powersby the end of the 19th century, the only thing keeping China from being completely divided up into spheres of influence by foreigners was?35
3223034140Hundred Days ReformKang Youwei and Liang Qichao were the leaders of the?36
3223034141140,000 Boxersin 1900, foreign embassies in China were besieged by?37
3223034142a fleet of US warshipsJapan was forcibly opened to foreign trade in 1853 by the?38
3223034143they wanted to obtain the knowledge and expertise to strengthen the Japanese and win revisions of unequal treatiesthe Meiji reformers actively copied the western Europeans and Americans because?39
3223034144Emperor Meijiwhich one of the following leaders played a major role in the Meiji Restoration?40
3223034145was: centralize political power, abolition of daimyo/samurai classes, converted grain tax into a fixed-money tax, constitution limited authority of the Diet (monarchy with legislature), emperor had right to dissolve parliament, remodeling the economy (telegraph, railroad, abolished tariffs, etc)which of the following was not one of the foundations of the Meiji Restoration?41
3223034146the Chinese and Russian empiresthe event that best displayed Japan's rise to the level of a world power was their victory in?42
Powered by Quizlet.com

Traditions and Encounters Ch. 32 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
1007645711Hong Xiuquanthe leader of the Taiping Rebellion was?0
1007645712Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peacein 1851, Hong Xiuquan proclaimed his own dynasty, the Taiping tianguo, which meant?1
1007645713Egyptthe most significant territorial loss for the Ottomans was?2
1007645714the general who built a powerful army based on European forces and ruled egypt- remained nominally subordinate to the Ottoman sultanMuhammad Ali was?3
1007645715Ottoman Empirethe capitulations were unfair trading agreements between the western Europeans and the?4
1007645716IS: exempted European visitors from ottoman law, provided Europe with extraterritoriality, permitted foreign governments to levy duties on goods sold in Ottoman portswhich of the following statement is not true about the capitulations?5
1007645717embarked on a program to remodel his army along the lines of European forces. reform continued from earlier- limit tax, increase ag. prod. end corruptionin the early 19th century, the Ottoman Sultan Selim III?6
1007645718Mahmud IIwhat was the name of the sultan, who, in 1826, had mutinous Janissaries slaughtered and thus open the door for further reform within the Ottoman Empire?7
1007645719WAS:capitulations lifted, new civil code, commercial code, penal code, maritime code, (N-C,SPM) public trials guaranteed, equality before the law, education reformwhich of the following is not a reform proposed in the Tanzimat era?8
1007645720a group who agitated for individual freedom, local autonomy, and political decentralizationthe Young Ottomans were?9
1007645721was pushed to accept a constitution and establish rep.government-- within a year; suspended constitution, ruled autocratically for 30 years, developed army/admin. according to Tanzimat principlesSultan Abdul Hamid II?10
1007645722was: universal suffrage, equality before the law, freedom of religion, free public education, secularization of the state, emancipation of womenwhich of the following was not one of the leading principles of the Young Turks?11
1007645723making Turkish the official language of the empirewhich of the following Young Turk proposals caused the most dissension in the empire?12
1007645724Proclamation of the Young Turksthe stipulation, "In order to obtain for Ottoman citizens an education of a homogeneous and uniform character, the official schools will be open, their instruction will be free, and all nationalities will be admitted," is from what document?13
1007645725Crimean Warwhich of the following accounts for beginning of the social reform movement in Russia in the 19th century?14
1007645726Russiansa defeat in the Crimean War stopped expansion by the?15
1007645727emancipation of the serfsthe key to social reform in Russia was?16
1007645728Tsar Alexander IIthe Russian serfs were emancipated by?17
1007645729a few peasants prospered as a result of emancipation, but most found themselves in debt for the rest of their lives./ resulted in little if any increase in ag. productionthe emancipation of the Russian serfs..?18
1007645730or elected district assembliesas part of the Russian reforms, during the reign of Alexander II the government created zemstvos..?19
1007645731Count Sergei Witte, minister of financethe prime mover behind russian industrialization was?20
1007645732a massive program of railway constructionthe centerpiece of Sergei Witte's Russian industrial policy was?21
1007645733were miserablethe working conditions of the growing Russian industrial class in St. Petersburg and Moscow?22
1007645734the Land and Freedom PartyTsar Alexander II was assassinated in 1881 by?23
1007645735championed oppression and police control and embarked on expansionist ventures in east Asiaafter the assassination of Alexander II, his successor Nicholas II..?24
1007645736a Japanese surprise attack on the Russian naval squadron at Port Arthur in February 1904the decisive factor in the Russo-Japanese War was?25
1007645737led to revolution and the establishment of the Duma, Russia's first parliamentary institutionthe 1905 Bloody Sunday massacre eventually..?26
1007645738was given the task of destroying the opium tradeLin Zexu?27
1007645739British commercial agents pressed their government into a military retaliation designed to reopen the opium tradethe decisive point in the Opium War was?28
1007645740Nanjingthe Opium War ended the signing of the Treaty of?29
1007645741Lin Zexuwho wrote, "as months accumulate and years pass by, the poison they have produced increases in its wicked intensity, and its repugnant odor reaches as high as the sky"?30
1007645742was: Nian, Muslim, Tungan, Taipingwhich of the following was not a rebellion that threatened China in the 19th century?31
1007645743was: abolition of private property, creation of communal wealth to be shared according to needs, prohibition of footbinding/concubinage,free public education, literacy for the masses, simplification of written languagewhich of the following was not one of the principles of the Taiping Rebellion?32
1007645744Chinathe Self-Strengthening Movement was an attempt to blend indigenous cultural traditions with western technology in?33
1007645745empress dowager Cixifor most of the last 50 years of the Qing dynasty, China was ruled by?34
1007645746distrust among the foreign powersby the end of the 19th century, the only thing keeping China from being completely divided up into spheres of influence by foreigners was?35
1007645747Hundred Days ReformKang Youwei and Liang Qichao were the leaders of the?36
1007645748140,000 Boxersin 1900, foreign embassies in China were besieged by?37
1007645749a fleet of US warshipsJapan was forcibly opened to foreign trade in 1853 by the?38
1007645750they wanted to obtain the knowledge and expertise to strengthen the Japanese and win revisions of unequal treatiesthe Meiji reformers actively copied the western Europeans and Americans because?39
1007645751Emperor Meijiwhich one of the following leaders played a major role in the Meiji Restoration?40
1007645752was: centralize political power, abolition of daimyo/samurai classes, converted grain tax into a fixed-money tax, constitution limited authority of the Diet (monarchy with legislature), emperor had right to dissolve parliament, remodeling the economy (telegraph, railroad, abolished tariffs, etc)which of the following was not one of the foundations of the Meiji Restoration?41
1007645753the Chinese and Russian empiresthe event that best displayed Japan's rise to the level of a world power was their victory in?42
Powered by Quizlet.com

BIOL 102 Chp 14: Mendel and the Gene Idea Flashcards

This flashcard set includes the vocabulary words and definitions from Chp 14: Mendel and the Gene Idea (Biology 9E by Campbell et al, 2011). http://robswatski.virb.com

Terms : Hide Images
60972916characteran observable heritable feature0
60972917traitany detectable variant in a genetic character1
60972918true breedingreferring to plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate2
60972919hybridizationthe mating, or crossing, of two true-breeding varieties3
60972920P generationthe parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance4
60972921F1 generationthe first filial, or hybrid, offspring in a series of genetic crosses5
60972922F2 generationoffspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation6
60972923alleleany of the alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable phenotypic traits7
60972924dominant allelea gene that is fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote8
60972925recessive allelea gene whose phenotypic effect is not observed in a heterozygote9
60972926law of segregationstates that the two alleles in a pair separate into different gametes during gamete formation10
60972927Punnett squarea diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the predicted results of random fertilization in genetic crosses11
60972928homozygoushaving two identical alleles for a given gene12
60972929heterozygoushaving two different alleles for a given gene13
60972930phenotypethe physical and physiological traits of an organism, which are determined by its genetic makeup14
60972931genotypethe genetic makeup, or set of alleles, of an organism15
60972932testcrossbreeding an organism of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype16
60972933monohybridan organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest17
60972934dihybridan organism that is heterozygous with respect to two genes of interest18
60972935law of independent assortmentstates that each pair of alleles separates independently of other pairs during gamete formation; applies when genes for two characters are located on different pairs of homologous chromsomes19
60972936complete dominancethe situation in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable20
60972937incomplete dominancethe situation in which the phenotype of heterozygotes is intermediate between the phenotypes of individuals homozygous for either allele21
60972938codominancethe situation in which the phenotypes of both alleles are exhibited in the heterozygote because both alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways22
60972939Tay Sachs diseasea human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele for a dysfunctional enzyme, leading to accumulation of certain lipids in the brain; results in seizures, blindness, and degeneration of motor and mental performance a few months after birth, followed by death within a few years23
60972940pleiotropythe ability of a single gene to have multiple effects; Ex: the multiple symptoms associated with certain hereditary diseases such as cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell disease24
60972941epistasisa type of gene interaction in which one gene alters the phenotypic effects of another gene that is independently inherited25
60972942quantitative charactera heritable feature that varies continuously over a range rather than in an either-or fashion26
60972943polygenic inheritancean additive effect of two or more genes on a single phenotypic character; Ex: skin pigmentation in humans27
60972944norm of reactionthe range of phenotypes produced by a single genotype, due to environmental influences28
60972945multifactorialrefers to a phenotypic character that is influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors29
60972946pedigreea diagram of a family tree showing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring over multiple generations30
60972947carrieran individual who is heterozygous at a given genetic locus, with one normal allele and one recessive allele, who can pass on the recessive allele to offspring31
60972948cystic fibrosisa human genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele for a chloride channel protein; characterized by an excessive secretion of mucus and consequent vulnerability to infection; fatal if untreated32
60972949sickle cell diseasea human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele, resulting in the substitution of a single amino acid in a globin polypeptide that is part of the hemoglobin protein; characterized by deformed red blood cells that can lead to numerous symptoms33
60972950Huntington's diseasea human genetic disease caused by a dominant allele, characterized by uncontrollable body movements and degeneration of the nervous system; usually fatal 10 to 20 years after the onset of symptoms34
60972951amniocentesisa technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid, obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus, is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus35
60972952chorionic villus samplinga technique of prenatal diagnosis in which a small sample of the fetal portion of the placenta is removed and analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus36
1337194222blending hypothesisthe idea that genetic material contributed "mix" together in a way that blue + yellow make green; predicts that over many generations a freely mating population would give rise to a uniform population of individuals; fails to explain how some traits reappear after skipping a generation; disproved by Gregor Mendel37
1337194223stamenthe pollen-producing organ of a flower38
1337194224carpelthe egg-bearing organ of a flower39
1337194225cross pollinationfertilization between different plants40
1337194226locusa specific place along the length of a chromosome where a given gene is located41
1337194227monohybrid crossa cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits42
1337194228dihybrid crossa cross between individuals concentrating on two definable traits43
1337194229multiplication rulea rule of probability stating that the probability of two or more independent events occurring together can be determined by multiplying their individual probabilities44
1337194230addition rulethe probability that any one of two or more mutually exclusive events will occur is calculated by adding together their individual probabilities45
1337194231multiple allelesthree or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait; Ex: ABO blood group in humans46
1337194232achondroplasiaa form of human dwarfism caused by a single dominant allele; the homozygous condition is lethal47
1337194233albinisman autosomal recessive hereditary condition characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment, particularly in the eyes, skin, and hair48
1337194234newborn screeningthe analysis of a neonate's blood for metabolic or genetic disorders to prevent mental retardation, disability or death49
Powered by Quizlet.com

vocab Flashcards

4-6

Terms : Hide Images
2039818832alliancea joining together0
2039818833bewilderto puzzle completely, confuse1
2039818834buffoona clown, a coarse, stupid person2
2039818835controversialarousing argument, dispute, or disagreement3
2039818836disheartento discourage4
2039818837fruitlessnot producing the desired results, unsuccessful5
2039818838hostileunfriendly, unfavorable, warlike and agressive6
2039818839inflammableeasily set on fire and easily angered or aroused7
2039818840inflictto give or cause something unpleasant, impose8
2039818841malignantdeadly, extremely harmful, evil, spiteful and malicious9
2039818842mortifyto hurt someones feelings deeply, to cause embarrassment or humiliation. to subdue or discipline by self denial or suffering10
2039818843orthodoxin agreement with established or generally accepted beliefs or ways of doing something11
2039818844procureto obtain through special effort, to bring about12
2039818845scurryto run quickly, scamper, hurry13
2039818846soddensoaked with liquid or moisture, expressionless, dull spiritless, listless14
2039818847spiritedfull of life and vigor, courageous15
2039818848virtualhaving a certain force or effort in fact but not in name, so close as to be equivalent to the real thing16
2039818849voidcompletely empty, having no legal force or effect, empty or unfilled space, to cancel or nullify17
2039818850waywarddisobedient, willful, unpredictable, capricious18
2039818851winceto draw back suddenly as though in pain or fear, the act of drawing back in this way19
2039818852anecdotea short account of an incident someones life20
2039818853consolidateto combine, unite, to make solid or confirm21
2039818854counterfeitan imitation designed to deceive, not genuine or fake, to make an illegal copy22
2039818855docileeasily taught, led, or managed, obedient23
2039818856dominateto rule over by strength or power, control, to tower over, command due to height24
2039818857entreatto beg, implore, ask earnestly25
2039818858falliblecapable of being wrong, mistaken or inaccurate26
2039818859fickleliable to change very rapidly, erratic, marked by a lack of constancy or steadiness, inconsistent27
2039818860fugitiveone who flees or runs away, fleeting, lasting a very short time, wandering, difficult to grasp28
2039818861grimyvery dirty, covered with dirt or soot29
2039818862iotaa very small part or quantity30
2039818863maulto beat or knock about, handle roughly, to mangle, a heavy hammer31
2039818864potentialpossible, able to happen, something that can develop a reality32
2039818865radiantshining, bright, giving forth light or energy33
2039818866ruralrelating to farm areas and life in the country34
2039818867substantiallarge, important, major, significant, prosperous, not imaginary, material35
2039818868tactfulskilled in handling difficult situations or people, polite36
2039818869tamperto interfere with, to meddle rashly or foolishly with, to handle37
2039818870ultimatelast, final, most important or extreme, eventual, basic, fundamental38
2039818871uncertaintydoubt, the state, of being unsure39
2039818872anonymousunnamed, without there name of the person involved, unknown, lacking individuality or character40
2039818873browseto nibble, graze, to read casually, to window shop41
2039818874dupea person easily tricked or deceived, to deceive42
2039818875dynamicactive, energetic, forceful43
2039818876eradicateto root out, get rid of, destroy completely44
2039818877frustrateto prevent from accomplishing a purpose or fulfilling a desire, to cause feelings of discouragement45
2039818878grimstern, merciless, fierce, savage, cruel46
2039818879inimitablenot capable of being copied or imitated47
2039818880makeshifta temporary substitute for something else48
2039818881marginalin, at or near the edge or margin, only barely good, large, or important enough for the purpose49
2039818882pendingwaiting to be settled, until50
2039818883prescribeto order as a rule or course to be followed, to order for medical purposes51
2039818884previewsomething seen in advance, to view before hand52
2039818885prominentstanding out as to be easily seen, important, well known53
2039818886quaintodd or old fashioned in pleasing way, clever, ingenious, skillfully made54
2039818887reluctantunwilling, holding back55
2039818888scrimpto handle very economically or stingily, to supply in a way that is small, short or scanty56
2039818889snareto trap, catch, a trap or entanglement57
2039818890utmostgreatest, highest, farthest, the extreme limit58
2039818891vengeancepunishment in return for an injury or a wrong, unusual force or violence59
Powered by Quizlet.com

apish chapters 13-15 terms Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
3399270073ABRAHAM LINCOLNRepublican, elected president in 1860, during the civil war, passed emancipation proclamation, assassinated on April 14, 18650
3399271140COMPROMISE OF 18501
3399271141DRED SCOTT DECISION2
3399272618FORTY NINERS3
3399272619FREE SOIL PARTY4
3399273810GADSDEN PURCHASE5
3399279931GENERAL LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA6
3399279932HARPERS FERRY7
3399279933JAMES K POLK8
3399279934JOHN BROWN9
3399282423KANSAS - NEBRASKA ACT10
3399282424MANIFEST DESTINY11
3399282425OREGON TRAIL12
3399284992POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY13
3399297042SAM HOUSTON14
3399297043STEPHEN A DOUGLAS15
3399297044STEPHEN F AUSTIN16
3399298383TEJANOS17
3399298384THE ALAMO18
3399299417TREATY OF GUADALUPE HIDALGO19
3399299418WILMOT PROVISO20
3399299419WINFIELD SCOTT21
3399300679YOUNG AMERICA22
3399300680ZACHARY TAYLOR23
3399303559ANTIETAM24
3399304953APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE25
3399304954FIRST BATTLE OF BULL RUN26
3399306306CLARA BARTON27
3399306307EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION28
3399306308FORT SUMTER29
3399308095GEORGE B MCCLELLAN30
3399309692GETTYSBURG31
3399310846GREENBACKS32
3399310847HOMESTEAD ACT OF 186233
3399312065JEFFERSON DAVIS34
3399313691MARCH TO THE SEA35
3399313692MORRILL LAND GRANT ACT36
3399314755ROBERT E LEE37
3399314756SHILOH38
3399316399THOMAS "STONEWALL" JACKSON39
3399316400ULYSSES S GRANT40
3399316401US SANITARY COMMISSION41
3399318800WILLIAM TECUMSEH SHERMAN42
3399321559ANDREW JOHNSON43
3399321560ATLANTA COMPROMISE44
3399321561BLACK CODES45
3399323080BOOKER T WASHINGTON46
3399323081CARPETBAGGERS47
3399323082CHARLES SUMNER48
3399324490COMPROMISE OF 187749
3399326492CROP - LIEN SYSTEM50
3399326493ENFORCEMENT ACTS51
3399326494FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT52
3399327958FREEDMEN'S BUREAU53
3399327959HAMILTON FISH54
3399327960IDA B WELLS55
3399329693JIM CROW LAWS56
3399329694KU KLUX KLAN57
3399329695PANIC OF 187358
3399331531PLESSY V FERGUSON59
3399331532RADICAL REPUBLICANS60
3399331533REDEEMERS61
3399332878SCALAWAGS62
3399332879SHARECROPPING63
3399335704THADDEUS STEVENS64
3399335705WADE - DAVIS BILL65
3399337050WILLIAM H SEWARD66
Powered by Quizlet.com

Campbell Biology 10th edition chapter 33 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
1932645030invertebratesanimals that lack a backbone0
1932645031filter feedersfilter out food particles suspended in the surrounding water as they draw it through their body1
1932645032spongocoelThe central cavity of sponges that water passes into2
1932645033choanocytescollar cells, engulf other bacteria/particles by phagocytosis3
1932645034mesohyla gelatinous region between the two layers of cells of a sponge4
1932645035amoebocytesCells that move using pseudopods and perform different functions in different animals5
1932645036hermaphroditesindividual functions as both male and female in sexual reproduction by producing sperm and eggs6
1932645037gastrovascular cavityin cnidarians, central digestive compartment7
1932645038polypscylindrical forms that adhere to the substrate by the aboral end of their body and extend tentacles to trap prey8
1932645039medusaflattened, mouth-down version of the polyp9
1932645040cnidocytesA specialized cell for which the phylum Cnidaria is named; consists of a capsule containing a fine coiled thread, which, when discharged, functions in defense and prey capture10
1932769594nematocystsSpecialized organelles within cnidocytes that eject a stinging thread11
1932769595exoskeletonhard external skeleton made of calcium carbonate12
1932769596protonephridiaan excretory system, such as the flame bulb system of flatworms, consisting of a network of tubules lacking internal openings13
1932769597planariansPhylum Platyhelminthes, Class Turbellaria, eyespots on the head contain photoreceptors and gastrovascular cavity with single opening on underside of body14
1932769598alimentary canala digestive tube with 2 openings15
1932769599parthogenesisused by rotifers, , reproduction that consists of only females that produce more females from unfertilized eggs16
1932769600Ectoproctscolonial animals that superficially resemble clumps of moss, part of Lophophores17
1932769601Brachipodslams shells, resemble clams/hinge shelled molluscs, part of Lophophores18
1932769602footused for mollusk movement19
1932769603visceral masscontains most of the mollusk internal organs20
1932769604mantlefold of tissue that drapes over the visceral mass and secretes a shell (if present)21
1932769605mantle cavityhouses gills, anus, and excretory pores22
1932769606radulastrap-like organ, scrapes up food23
1932769607ammonitesShelled cephalopod animals that were the dominant invertebrate predators for millions of years ending with the mass extinctions at the end of the Cretaceous period24
1932769608cuticletough external coat25
1932769609moltingProcess in which an arthropod sheds its exoskeleton and manufactures a larger one to take its place26
1932769610open circulatory systemhemolymph is propelled by a heart through short arteries and then into spaces called sinuses surrounding the tissues and organs27
1932769611cheliceratespart of arthropods, sea spiders, horseshoe carbs, scorpions, ticks, mites and spiders28
1932769612myriapodscentipedes and millipedes29
1932769613pancrustaceansinsects, lobsters, shrimp, barnacles, other crustaceans30
1932769614celiceraeclaw-like feeding appendages, serve as pincers/fangs31
1932769615eurypteridswater scorpions, part of chelicerates32
1932769616book lungsstacked plate-like structures contained in an internal structure, used for gas exchange33
1932769617incomplete metamorphasistype of insect development characterized by a similar appearence throughout all the stages of the life cycle: egg, nymph, adult34
1932769618complete metamorphosisInsect development consisting of four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult35
1932769619echinodermsA member of a group of slow moving or sessile marine animals characterized by a rough or spiny skin, a water vascular system, an endoskeleton, and a radial symmetry in adults, with examples such as sea stars, sea urchins and sand dollars36
1932769620water vascular systemA network of hydraulic canals unique to echinoderms that branches into extensions called tube feet, which function in locomotion, feeding, and gas exchange37
Powered by Quizlet.com

AP World History. Chapter 16: The World Economy Quiz Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
2839082650Which of the following was one of the first new areas brought into the global commercial network after 1450?The Americas0
2839084349What region of the world became the dominant culture in the period after 1450?The West1
3071578658Which of the following was not a technological advancement introduced in the 15th century in the West?Lateen sails2
3071584546The initiative for Western Exploration and conquest came from the kingdom ofPortugal3
3092901844What noble was responsible for initiating a series of expeditions along the African coast and outward to the Azores in the 15th century?Prince Henry the Navigator4
3092910922The first Portuguese fleet rounded the Cape of Good Hope in14885
3092915448The captain of the first Portuguese fleet to reach India wasVasco de Gama6
3092919737What region in the Americas was claimed by Portugal?Brazil7
3092927346What land was claimed for Spain as the result of Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe beginning in 1519?Philippines8
3092933120What Italian captain sailing for the monarchs of Spain reached the Americas in 1492?Christopher Columbus9
3092940162Why did the initiative in early conquest and exploration pass to northern European nations in the later 16th century?The Dutch and the British improved the design of oceanic vessels, producing faster ships than their Catholic rivals.10
3092949384What was the purpose of the early English voyages to North America?To discover a northwest passage to India.11
3092972795How was the global trade network of the 15th century different from the previous eras?In previous eras, most attention was given to the development of larger regional economies and cultural zones, rather than a truly global network.12
3092985620In what region of the world did the Dutch challenge the Portuguese for commercial dominance?Indonesia13
3092991822In what way were the early Dutch and British exploration and trade projects different from those of the Iberian nations?Dutch and British exploratory owed much to private initiative of merchant groups and the formation of chartered trading companies.14
3093008221What British commercial institution ruled India for much of the 18th century?The British East India Company15
3093014747As part of the "Columbian Exchange", which of the following was a European contribution to the Americas?Horses16
3093036638What is the most accepted figure for the percentage of the population of the American Indians who died following the European colonization?Over 50 percent17
3093042326Which of the following was NOT a crop imported into Europe as a result of the "Columbian Exchange"?Millet18
3093048345What was the impact of the introduction of American crops into Europe?The introduction of corn and the potato led to major population growth in Europe.19
3093058914Which of the following areas of trade was NOT dominated by the West after the establishment of a global trading network in the 17th century?The Indian ocean20
3093064070A Spanish-led fleet defeated the Ottoman Empire in 1571 at the battle ofLepanto21
3093070014Despite Japan's official policy of isolation, the Dutch were able to gain special access to the port ofNagasaki22
3093074794Which of the following statements best accounts for the Spanish failure to hold a position of dominance in world trade?Spain's internal economy and banking system were not sufficient to accommodate the bullion from the new world and lacked significant manufacturing capability.23
3093089839What economic policy encouraged the development of colonies, particularly by northern Europe countries?Mercantilism24
3093095475The dominant commercial nations of northern Europe compromised the ___ zone of the world economy.Core25
3093099031Which of the following regions were dependents to the core zone of the global trade network?Sub-Saharan Africa26
3093107606Dependence in the world economy and the consequent need to produce unprocessed foods cheaply led to the development of ____ labor systems.Coercive27
3093114444Which of the following statements most accurately describes the impact of the development of core-dependent economic zone on state formations?Forced labor and European influence trended to generate weak governments in dependent regions, while increased trade revenues tended to generate increasing government strength in core states.28
3093126809Which of the following statements concerning the relationship between Asian civilizations and the world commercial network of the 16th and 17th centuries in NOT accurate?China was able, thanks to the extensive of its coastal navy, to prevent the establishment of European ports.29
3093141855Which of the following Western goods was of most interest to the Japanese?Gunnery30
3093147204Which of the following civilizations was fully part of the global trading network in the 16th century?China31
3093151240What was the nature of the trade between eastern and western Europe in the 17th century?Western Europe imported grain in increasing amounts from eastern Europe in return for art objects and manufactured goods.32
3093168185In what year did Spanish settlement of the American mainland begin?150933
3093172160Where was the first Spanish colony on the American mainland?Panama34
3093175474Which of the following regions was NOT part of the Spanish colonial empires?Brazil35
3093179218The British were able to oust the French from India following theSeven Years War36
3093184224The most important Dutch colony in Africa was located onThe Cape of Good Hope37
3093189981The British East India Company through negotiation with local Mughal princes gained a station atCalcutta38
3093193692In Asia, significant conversion to ChristianityOccurred only in the northern Philippines.39
3093199318In which of the following regions was European settlement a significant factor in the establishment of colonies?Dutch South Africa40
3093203632Which of the following represents an impact on western Europe from the development of colonies?The use of colonially produced sugar widely in Europe, particularly in countries with relatively cold climates.41
3093212879In which of the following colonies did a deeper appreciation of Western institutions and values take place?French and British colonies of North America.42
3093248773As a result of what treaty did the French lose their colony in North America to the British?Treaty of Paris 176343
3093261885Why did the southern colonies of the Atlantic seaboard win importance before those farther north?Cultivation of cash crops produced by coercive labor emerged there.44
3093271530Which of the following statements concerning the interaction of North American colonists with the Indians is most accurate?Colonists interacted with Indians, learned from them, and misused them, but did not forge a new cultural grouping as occurred in much of Latin America.45
Powered by Quizlet.com

Traditions and Encounter ch. 30 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
654135974Great Britainthe industrial revolution began in?0
654135975coalcrucial to industrialization was?1
654135976wool producers who persuaded Parliament to pass laws to protect the domestic wool industrythe growing demand for cotton cloth in the 18 century threatened British..?2
654135977prohibited imports of printed cotton cloth and restricted the sale of calicoes at homethe British Calico Acts of 1720 and 1721..?3
654135978John Kaythe inventor of the flying shuttle was?4
654135979sped up the weaving process and stimulated demand for threadthe invention of the flying shuttle from john kay..?5
654135980IS; Watt-steam enginewhich of the following is not a correct pairing of inventor and invention?6
654135981water driven power loomEdmund Cartwright was responsible for the invention of the?7
654135982steam engines burned coal to boil water and create steamJames Watt invented a more efficient steam pump when?8
654135983cokeCheaper iron was produced after 1709 when British smelters began to use what substance as a fuel?9
654135984steelHenry Bessemer's innovations made it possible to produce cheaper..?10
654135985the rocket, but it still burned too much coal for use at seathe first steam-powered locomotive was George Stephenson's..?11
654135986it consumed too much coalJames Watt's steam engine did not adapt well to transportation uses because...?12
654135987the factorythe dominant form of industrial organization in Europe, the United States, and Japan by the end of the 19 century was?13
654135988were an organized band of English handicaft workers who destroyed textile machines that they blamed for their unemployment ( after machine centered factories became popular)the Luddites?14
654135989Kruppwhat was the name of the giant firm in Germany that dominated mining, metallurgy, armaments production, and shipbuilding?15
654135990Eli Whitneyinterchangeable parts were invented by?16
654135991John Rockefellerin America the petroleum monopoly, Standard Oil Company was owned by?17
654135992industrialization transformed societies and fertility began a decline. short run-mortality fell even faster than fertility so populations continued to increasebeginning in the 19 century, industrializing lands experienced a social change known as the demographic transition when..?18
654135993the condomthe first efficient means of contraception without negative side effects was?19
654135994industrial production--> wealth and a large portion flowed to the middle class. Family went through change during period; less common for family to work in groupsindustrialization..?20
654135995a day workers often observed to lengthen their weekly break from work on Sundaysholy monday was?21
654135996"Woman in Her Social and Domestic Character"Mrs. John Sandford wrote?22
654135997Robert Owenthe founder of New Lanark was?23
654135998capitalists- owned machinery/factories and proletariat-wageworkersMarx and Engels proposed that capitalism divided people into two classes. The classes were?24
654135999Marxthe author of the "Manifesto of the Communist Party" was?25
654136000served the purposes of capitalists since they amused the working classes and diverted attention from their miseryMarx suggested that music, art, and literature?26
654136001religionwhat did Marx refer to as the "opiate of the masses"?27
654136002should be abolished and worked toward the institution of a radically egalitarian societyMarx and the communists believed that private property..?28
654136003"dictatorship of the proletariat" which would abolish private property and destroy the capitalist orderMarx believed that the final result of the socialist revolution would be the?29
654136004struggles between social classesaccording to Marx, all of human history had been a history of?30
654136005introduced medical insurance, unemployment compensation, and retirement pensions to provide social security for working people in industrial society in GermanyIn the 1880s Otto von Bismarck..?31
654136006considered trade unions illegal associations whose purpose was to restrain tradeThroughout most of the 19 century, employers and governments..?32
654136007gradually improved the lives of working people and reduced the likelihood of proletariat revolution of industrial capitalist societyover the long haul, trade unions?33
654136008a Russian finance minister who oversaw construction of the trans-Siberian railroad, reformed commercial law, protected infant industries, promoted nautical/engineering schoolscount sergei witte was?34
654136009Russiaby 1900 half the world's oil was produced by?35
654136010US, Germany, Britain, and Russiain 1900, the world's four biggest steel producers were?36
654136011when imperial authorities pushed it and hired foreign experts to instruct Japanese workers in techniques of modern industryin Japan, industrialization took place..?37
654136012"wealthy clique" - huge industrial empires built by private entrepreneursa zaibatsu was?38
654136013experienced economic growth through the export of primary products and the infusion of foreign capital and laborcanada, argentina, uruguay, south africa, australia, and new zealand..?39
654136014was: attracted little foreign investment and developed little mechanical industry. foreign owners controlled plantations that produced exported crops and most profits went abroad. low wages of plantation workers.which of the following was not a problem that plagued Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, and south and southeast Asia?40
654136015depended on exports of raw materialsmost of latin america and sub-saharan africa?41
Powered by Quizlet.com

APUSH Chapter 24 Vocabulary Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
2144676710Building the Western RailroadMade the first millionares, improved transportation, steel rails, federal land grants0
2144676711Wabash, St Louis & Pacific RR Co v IllinoisSaid that states couldn't regulate commerce beyond their borders, only congress could1
2144676712Railroad regulationsenforced because of prices gouging; one of the first government attempts to get rid of corruption2
2144676713Robber BaronsRefers to the industrialists or big business owners who gained huge profits by paying their employees extremely low wages. They also drove their competitors out of business by selling their products cheaper than it cost to produce it. Then when they controlled the market, they hiked prices high above original price3
2144676714CarnegieBegan as an immigrant, he became a Steel "king" during the industrialization era. He used "vertical integration" to combine all phases of manufacturing into one organization. After he made his wealth he became a philanthropist, building schools and libraries4
2144676715J.P. MorganA highly successful banker who bought out Carnegie. With Carnegie's holdings and some others, he launched U.S Steel and made it the first billion-dollar corporation- "the banker's banker". Used interlocking directorates5
2144676716RockefellerAn American oil industrialist, investor, and philanthropist. He was the founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust6
2144676717TrustsFirms or corporations that combine for the purpose of reducing competition and controlling prices (establishing a monopoly)7
2144676718vertical integrationPractice where a single entity controls the entire process of a product, from the raw materials to distribution (e.g. Andrew Carnegie)8
2144676719horizontal integrationA technique used by John D. Rockefeller. Horizontal integration is an act of joining or consolidating with ones competitors to create a monopoly. Rockefeller was excellent with using this technique to monopolize certain markets9
2144676720interlocking directoratesThe practice of having executives or directors from one company serve on the Board of Directors of another company. J. P. Morgan introduced this practice to eliminate banking competition in the 1890s10
2144676721Standard Oil Co.Standard Oil was a predominant American integrated oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. Established in 1870 as an Ohio Corporation, it was the largest oil refiner in the world and operated as a major company trust and was one of the world's first and largest multinational corporations until it was broken up by the United States Supreme Court in 1911. John D. Rockefeller was a founder, chairman and major shareholder, and the company made him a billionaire and eventually the richest man in history11
2144676722Gospel of WealthThis was a book written by Carnegie that described the responsibility of the rich to be philanthropists. This softened the harshness of Social Darwinism as well as promoted the idea of philanthropy12
2144676723Social DarwinismThe application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist or capitalist expansion13
2144676724industrial stirrings in southSome industries relocated from New England to the South. The major reason for this was cheap labor from poor whites14
2144676725Haymarket SquareLabor disorders had broken out and on May 4 1886, the Chicago police advanced on a protest; alleged brutalities by the authorities. Suddenly a dynamite bomb was thrown that killed or injured dozens, including police. It is still unknown today who set off the bomb, but following the hysteria, eight anarchists (possibly innocent) were rounded up. Because they preached "incendiary doctrines," they could be charged with conspiracy. Five were sentenced to death, one of which committed suicide; the other three were given stiff prison terms. Six years later, a newly elected Illinois governor recognized this gross injustice and pardoned the three survivors. Nevertheless, the Knights of Labor were toast: they became (incorrectly )associated with anarchy and all following strike efforts failed15
2144676726National Labor UnionUnion organized in 1866, lasted six years and attracted 600,000 members, included skilled and unskilled labor, but usually not foreigners or women16
2144676727Knights of Labor(1) moderate labor organization founded in 1869 by Terence Powderly, one of the first such organizations in the US; (2) ended after the Haymarket Riot17
2144676728AFLA labor union formed in 1886 by Samuel Gompers in order to voice the working class (only highly skilled laborers). It fought against labor forces and debated work conditions for skilled workers. Utilized strikes18
2144676729Thomas EdisonAmerican inventor best known for inventing the electric light bulb, acoustic recording on wax cylinders, and motion pictures19
2144676730Laissez Faire ConservatismIf you're at the bottom, it's because you're lazy. People who are behind, tend to stay behind. Let it be. Government that governs least governs best. Introduced by Adam Smith. Advocates favor individual self-interest and competition, and oppose the taxation and regulation of commerce.20
2144676731Sherman Anti-Trust ActFirst federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. However, it was initially misused against labor unions21
2144676732Interstate Commerce ActEstablished the ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission) - monitors the business operation of carriers transporting goods and people between states - created to regulate railroad prices22
Powered by Quizlet.com

Campbell Biology 10th Edition: Chapter 32 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
2397759782defining characteristics of animalsmulticellular eukaryotes, heterotrophic, lack cell walls, nervous and muscle tissue, sexual reproduction, distinct life stages, Hox genes, similar embryonic development0
2397764324collagenholds bodies together. extracellular; outside the cell membrane. replacement of cell walls1
2397766729gametic lifecyclesmall, motile sperm fertilizes nonmotile egg2
2397769029larva stagesexually immature3
2397769030metamorphosistransformation from larva form to adult form4
2397770429Hox genesunique to animals; regulate expression of other genes5
2397771492homoeboxescommon DNA sequences of Hox genes6
2397773194cleavageseries of mitotic divisions without cell growth between cycles7
2397774794blastulahollow ball of cells8
2397774795gastrulalayers of embryonic tissue9
2397780385diploblasticanimals with two germ layers (cnidaria-jellyfish)10
2397781931triploblasticanimals with three germ layers (annelida-earthworms)11
2397783393mesodermbetween endoderm and ectoderm12
2397787799ectodermoutside layer13
2397787800blastocoelthe hollow space in the blastula14
2397791335archenteronusually becomes digestive system15
2397791336blastosporeopening in blastula, usually becomes mouth/anus16
2397792692endoderminner part of blastula17
2397794535asymmetricallack symmetry (porifera)18
2397796450radial symmetryradia-top and bottom; cnidaria and cnetophoria-oral and aboral19
2397799289bilateral symmetry(remaining phyla) dorsal, ventral, anterior, posterior, left and right20
2397801568dorsaltop21
2397801569ventralbottom22
2397802556anteriorhead23
2397802557posteriorend24
2397804140cephalizationassociated with movement; concentration of sensory organs at the anterior end25
2397805405determinantpre-programmed cells for cellular fixation26
2397808526coelembody cavity, a fluid or air-filed space located between digestive tract and outer body wall27
2397819385acoelomatelack fluid-filled cavity between digestive track and outer wall28
2397820341pseudocoelomatefluid-filled cavity only partially lined by mesoderm29
2397821778coelomatesfluid-filled cavity completely lined with mesoderm30
2397822801advantages of coelemcushions organs, functions as hydrostatic skeleton, allows internal organs/muscles to be independent of outerwall31
2397826256protostome developmentdeterminant: spiral cleavage, mesoderm grow around archentron, blastospore forms the mouth32
2397831972deuterostome developmentindeterminant: radial cleavage, mesoderm grows down, around, and back up, blastospore forms the anus33
2397840249main cladesmetazoa, eumetazoa, bilateria, deuterostomia, lophotrochozoa, ecdysozoa34
2397844957metazoaporifera35
2397844958eumetazoacnetophora36
2397846186bilateriaacoela37
2397848731lophotrochozoaplayhelminthes, rotifera, ectoprocta, brachiopoda, mollusca, annelida38
2397863193lophophoreused for feeding39
2397866346characteristics of ecdysozoamolecular similarities first; morphological/developmental characters second40
2397870780neoproterozoic era1b-542 mya; first macroscopic fossils (565-560 mya), named the ediacaran biota for the site of initial discovery41
2397878325paleozoic era542-251 mya; had the cambrian explosion42
2397880408cambrian explosion535-525 mya; wave of animal diversification. associated with decline of ediacaranbiota43
Powered by Quizlet.com

Pages

Subscribe to CourseNotes RSS

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!