US History to 1877 -midterm 1 Flashcards
US history to 1877 - midterm 1
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| 88829572 | Boston Massacre | On March 5 1770 a crowd of colonists were taunting and throwing snowballs at a British soldier guarding a customs house. While back up came there was fighting and British soldiers ended up firing killing 3 people and later killing 2 more from injury. IMPORTANCE: was the first confrontation with the British. Used as an excuse to begin the revolution. | 0 | |
| 88829573 | Common Sense | This 50-page pamphlet, written by Thomas Paine, inspired the Declaration of Independence. Even after fighting broke out in April 1775, many Americans were reluctant to break their ties to England. Paine's publication in January 1776 helped remove that obstacle by convincing the colonists that further association with the English king was undesirable. It was highly influential and sold more than 120,000 copies in the first three months, making it the biggest best-seller of its time. | 1 | |
| 88829574 | Indentured Servitude/slaves | System where a person gets a free passage to the Americas in return for 7 years of labor. After the 7 years, they were granted freedom and a parcel of land. Was the chief source of labor prior to slavery. Harsh labor conditions saw 50% of _______________die before their term was up | 2 | |
| 88829575 | John Smith | (1580-June 21, 1631) was an English soldier, sailor, and author. He is remembered for his role in establishing the first permanent English settlement in North America at Jamestown, Virginia, and his brief association with the Native American girl Pocahontas during an altercation with the Powhatan Confederacy and her father, Chief Powhatan. He was a leader of the Virginia Colony (based at Jamestown) between 1607 and 1609, and led an exploration along the rivers of Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay. | 3 | |
| 88829576 | Salem Witch Trials | in the 1680's and 1690's adolescent girls of Salem, Massachusetts, accused several West Indian servants of voodoo lore, and hundreds of people (mostly women) of witchcraft (exercising of satanic powers), ending with 19 being put to death, and the girls who had been the accusers, admitting that they fabricated their story. This was one of the many examples of hysteria and chaos that broke out due to the tensions that built in Puritan communities. | 4 | |
| 88829577 | Quartering Act | It allowed for British officers to be permitted to stay in the homes of colonials to cut down maintenance cost of the colonial garrison. It angered many colonists, and influenced the third amendment. Passed under George Grenville. | 5 | |
| 88829578 | Great Awakening | Puritanism had declined by the 1730s, and people were upset about the decline in religious piety. _____________________was a sudden outbreak of religious fervor that swept through the colonies. One of the first events to unify the colonies. Sparked by Jonathan Edwards and minister George Whitefield. | 6 | |
| 88829579 | Stamp Act | an act passed by the British parliment in 1756 that raised revenue from the American colonies by a duty in the form of a stamp required on all newspapers and legal or commercial documents | 7 | |
| 88829580 | Mayflower Compact | An agreement, written by William Bradford, that was reached by the Pilgrims on the ship the Mayflower in 1620, just before they landed at Plymouth Rock. The Mayflower Compact bound them to live in a civil society according to their own laws. It remained the fundamental law of their colony of Plymouth until the colony was absorbed into Massachusetts in the late seventeenth century. | 8 | |
| 88829581 | Proclamation Line of 1763 | Order by the British king that closed the region west of the App Mountains to all settlement by colonists , prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains, colonists weren't allowed to settle of buy land there, this led to outrage in the 13 colonies | 9 | |
| 88829582 | Boston Tea Party | Boston patriots organized the _____________to protest the 1773 Tea Act. In December 1773, Samuel Adams warned Boston residents of the consequences of the Tea Act. Boston was boycotting the tea in protest of the Tea Act and would not let the ships bring the tea ashore. Finally, on the night of December 16, 1773, colonials disguised as Indians boarded the ships and threw the tea overboard. They did so because they were afraid that Governor Hutchinson would secretly unload the tea because he owned a share in the cargo. | 10 | |
| 88829583 | Townshend Duties | Also known as the Revenue Act of 1767. It taxed glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea entering the colonies. The colonists objected to the fact that the act was clearly designed to raise revenue exclusively for England rather than to regulate trade in a manner favorable to the entire British empire. | 11 | |
| 88829584 | Powhatan Confederacy | led by Powhatan over 25+ smaller bands; first viewed colonists as potential allies and traded food for knives/guns. 1614, English colonists kidnapped Pocahontas, holding her as hostage. She agreed to marry colonist John Rolfe, and went to England w/ him. Died 1616, after bearing a son. | 12 | |
| 88829585 | Yorktown 1781 | The British Plan to defeat the colonists consisted of conquering the colonies from the south all the way to the north. When Cornwallis arrived at Yorktown, the French blocked the waterways while Washington's men surronded his troops. This marked the end of English control over the American colonies. | 13 | |
| 88829586 | Columbian Exchange | an exchange (trade) between the old world and the new world. each side traded goods and ideas the others have never seen before. it also resulted in millions of Native Americans dyeing in DISEASE -smallpox- Europe- could now settle, trade, and grow rich in the new land they found (valuable food, crops like corn and potatoes, beans, tomatoes, manioc, squash, peanuts, pineapples, blueberries) Africa- were now kidnapped and enslaved. Americas- domestic animals, plants (bananas, oranges, lemons, and figs), DISEASE -smallpox and influenza- *marked the beginning of lasting contact among the people of Europe, Africa, and the Americas | 14 | |
| 88829587 | Declaration of Independence | originally thought of by Richard Henry Lee; heavily influenced by Enlightment ideas; first part is about natural freedom(John Locke's Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness), second is about abuses and a list of crimes by the king and government (Blames King George III for basically everything); ends with declaration of war; before the signing came the Articles of Confederation. | 15 | |
| 88829588 | Intolerable Acts | These 1774 laws passed by Parliament were known in England as the four Coercive Acts, meant to punish the colonists after the 1773 Boston Tea Party and the unrelated Quebec Act. These laws were seen by American colonists as a British plot to deny the Americans of representative government. They shut down the harbor, forbade colonists to have town meetings more than once a year, british officials accused of major crimes would be sent to england to be tried, and a new quartering act was established. | 16 | |
| 88829589 | Quebec Act | After the French and Indian War, the English had claim the passed in 1774, allow the French Colonist to go back freely to their own customs. The colonists have the right to have access to the Catholic religion freely. Also, it extended to Quebec Region north and south into the Ohio River Valley. This act created more tension between the colonists and the British which lead to the American Revolution. | 17 | |
| 88829590 | Massacre of 1622 | __________________ occurred in the Colony of Virginia, March 22, 1622. Captain John Smith related in his History of Virginia that the Indians "came unarmed into our houses with deer, turkeys, fish, fruits, and other provisions to sell us". Suddenly the Indians grabbed any tools or weapons available to them and killed any English settlers that were in sight, including men, women and children of all ages. Chief Opechancanough led a coordinated series of surprise attacks of the Powhatan Confederacy that killed 347 people, and a quarter of the English population of Jamestown. | 18 | |
| 88829591 | Navigation Act | it was to ensure the british parliament controlled the trade of the colonies, George III introduced this series of laws which prevented colonists from selling their most valuable products to any country except Britain., British regulations designed to protect British shipping from competition. Said that British colonies could only import goods if they were shipped on British-owned vessels and at least 3/4 of the crew of the ship were British | 19 |
