| 1014785552 | Corrupt Bargain of 1824 | In the election of 1824, none of the candidates were able to secure a majority of the electoral vote, thereby putting the outcome in the hands of the House of Representatives, which elected John Quincy Adams over rival Andrew Jackson. Henry Clay was the Speaker of the House at the time, and he convinced Congress to elect Adams. Adams then made Clay his Secretary of State. | | 0 |
| 1014785553 | Election of 1824 (candidates, who assisted the winner and how?) | -candidates: John Quincy Adams MA, Henry Clay KT, William H Crawford GA, Andrew Jackson TN
-John Quincy Adams won
-Clay influenced some of the votes that got Jackson Eliminated | | 1 |
| 1014785554 | John Quincy Adam's presidency | -Most successful at foreign affaires (secretary of state job) but a terrible president
-didn't have any good political characteristics
-continued construction of roads and canals
-pushed for scientific and technological progress | | 2 |
| 1014785555 | Election of 1828 | -John Quincy Adams was sure not to win
-political parties were the national republicans and the D & R's
-campaigns exaggerated and lied a little bit
-South & west supported Jackson, New England and North East supported Adams
Jackson Won | | 3 |
| 1014785556 | Andrew Jackson's presidency | -wild child president
-populist appeal | | 4 |
| 1014785557 | Spoils System | -Created by Andrew Jackson
-Awarding the supporters of the President with government jobs
-helped the government to become more mixed and let the supporters of the President help run the country
-important to the two-party system emerging | | 5 |
| 1014785558 | Tariff of Abominations | 1828 - Also called Tariff of 1828, it raised the tariff on imported manufactured goods. The tariff protected the North but harmed the South; South said that the tariff was economically discriminatory and unconstitutional because it violated state's rights. It passed because New England favored high tariffs. | | 6 |
| 1014785559 | nullies | people that tried long and hard to get the 2/3 vote in congress to nullify the Tariff of 1828 in SC | | 7 |
| 1014785560 | Force Bill | ..., 1833 - The Force Bill authorized President Jackson to use the army and navy to collect duties on the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832. South Carolina's ordinance of nullification had declared these tariffs null and void, and South Carolina would not collect duties on them. The Force Act was never invoked because it was passed by Congress the same day as the Compromise Tariff of 1833, so it became unnecessary. South Carolina also nullified the Force Act. | | 8 |
| 1014785561 | compromise tariff of 1833 | It was a new tariff proposed by Henry Clay and John Calhoun that gradually lowered the tariff to the level of the tariff of 1816 This compromise avoided civil war and prolonged the union for another 30 years. | | 9 |
| 1014785562 | Worcester v. Georgia 1832 | declared that the Cherokee people were entitled to federal protection from state actions | | 10 |
| 1014785563 | Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) | declared the Cherokee gov't. illegal and declared that all remaining Indians must move to the West
Jackson didn't care | | 11 |
| 1014785564 | Trail of tears | -the route the Indians were forced to cross on foot to their new place
-Thousands of Cherokee indians dies, Jackson was consistent with the state's rights and positions | | 12 |
| 1014785565 | Black Hawk | A Sauk leader who refused to leave his native Indian land in Illinois. Later killed by army sent to defeat him and his tribe
-He and some escaped slaves hid in the Everglades for 7 years until they were caught. Many fled to Oklahoma Indian Territory. | | 13 |
| 1014785566 | Black Hawk war of 1833 | This occurred when the Fox and Sauk indians of Illinois and Wisconsin tried to regain their territory. They were defeated by whites. | | 14 |
| 1014785568 | Election of 1832 | -Jackson won by a lot
-Lots of mudslinging campaigning | | 15 |
| 1014785569 | How did Jackson end the National Bank? | -proposed that no more deposits be put into the bank
-withdrew several deposits from the bank for federal spending
-The national bank gave most of it's duties to the smaller "wildcat" banks
-Wildcat banks only made metal money valid, angered the states | | 16 |
| 1014785570 | Whig Party | An American political party formed in the 1830s to oppose President Andrew Jackson and the Democrats, stood for protective tariffs, national banking, and federal aid for internal improvements | | 17 |
| 1014785571 | Election of 1836 | -candidates were Martin Van Buren, and William Henry harrison
-Van Buren won
-Jackson supported Van Buren | | 18 |
| 1014785572 | Martin Van Buren | -(1837-1841) Advocated lower tariffs and free trade, and by doing so maintained support of the south for the Democratic party. He succeeded in setting up a system of bonds for the national debt.
-considered annexing TX | | 19 |
| 1014785573 | Panic of 1837 | When Jackson was president, many state banks received government money that had been withdrawn from the Bank of the U.S. These banks issued paper money and financed wild speculation, especially in federal lands. Jackson issued the Specie Circular to force the payment for federal lands with gold or silver. Many state banks collapsed as a result. A panic ensued (1837). Bank of the U.S. failed, cotton prices fell, businesses went bankrupt, and there was widespread unemployment and distress. | | 20 |
| 1014785574 | Why did people go to Texas? | -, wanted to explore new land and had ambitions fertile soil no mil aria wanted it to become a slave state | | 21 |
| 1014785575 | GTT | "Gone To Texas" became a favorite slogan to the US | | 22 |
| 1034799617 | John C. Calhoun | South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification | | 23 |
| 1036023612 | The Alamo | -General Antonia Lopez de Santa Anna wanted the english colonists in TX to obey mexican laws.
- 1836 Santa Anna's army defeats Texans at this battle 187 Texans killed | | 24 |
| 1036023613 | Who lead the rebels in the Alamo? | Sam Houston | | 25 |
| 1036023614 | Why was the US tentative about admitting TX as a state? | -President Jackson did not want to add another slave state since it went against the Missouri compromise
-president James K. Polk pushed for TX to become a state and eventually became a state. | | 26 |
| 1037652110 | Election of 1840 | -James K. Polk became the new president
-Whigs supported William Henry Harrison
-Martin Van Buren had acquired the nickname, "Martin Van Ruin", Whigs hated him for being an aristocrat | | 27 |
| 1037652111 | "Politics for the People" | The American people believed that rich aristocrats were bad and unfit to run the country, while the more common people were better to run the country. | | 28 |
| 1037652112 | The Emergence of the 2-party system | -the two-party system was emerging, but was halted during the Era of Good Feelings
-Andrew Jackson had created controversial views creating an opposing party (Whigs) and the party for Jackson (D & R's)
-both parties focused on candidates in their party winning the elections | | 29 |
| 1037652113 | Describe the life of the settlers in the westward movement. | -life was bad
-food and shelter was scarce, disease was also common
-huge snake problems, some settlers talked about snakes falling through their ceilings and onto their beds at night
-women were sometimes confined to their dark shelters with no social interaction for long periods of time
-as entertainment, men would bite off noses and gouge eyes of others since their wasn't any barrel-wrestling places
-dependent on their neighbors for houses, food, and barns | | 30 |
| 1037652114 | Environmental effect of the westward movement. | -farmers would often exhaust the land from tobacco planting, once the land was unusable, they would press on
-KT bluegrass was great for growing in mostly dry land
-fur trading also thrived, leading to huge decrease in beaver and buffalo populations
-urbanism increased, leading to pollution of air and water and increase of rats, leading to more disease
-Catlin proposed the idea of the National park | | 31 |
| 1037810120 | growth of the cities and population growth in the 19th century | -population doubled approximately every 25 years
-urban cities grew increasingly fast
-Germans and Irish immigrated to America because Europe seemed to be running out of room
-more ppl wanted more land
-SHip life across the Atlantic was long and extremely difficult
-People were immigrating to America more than any other country | | 32 |
| 1037810121 | Why did so many Irish immigrate during this time? | -Ireland was facing a potato crop diminish, leading to any hunger deaths
-since most were to poor to buy land and livestock they moved to America
-Moved to America for the city life
-they were aged by the American workers
-lived in dirty slums and hated blacks | | 33 |
| 1037810122 | Why did so many Germans immigrate to America? | -Germans wanted Democracy, which was in America
-contributed to American politics, many became politicians
- brought the christmas tree and kindergarten
-stimulated art and music
-anti slavery
drank lots of beer | | 34 |
| 1037810123 | Why were the Irish and the Germans hated by Americans? | -taking jobs of the natives
-Members of the Roman church which was not likes in America and found foreign | | 35 |
| 1039295336 | Nativists | -people who believed that the Immigrants were taking jobs and money from the Americans
-pushed to get foreigners out | | 36 |
| 1039295337 | Cotton Gin | -Invented by Eli Whitney
-Cotton usually took a long time to seed, with the Cotton Gin, it took about half the time
-increased bottom profit immensely
-slavery spread throughout the South | | 37 |
| 1039295338 | Interchangeable parts | -made parts to things such as a gun the same so that broken parts could easily be replaced instead of having to replace the whole gun
-lead to assembly lines | | 38 |
| 1039295339 | Sewing Machine | -invented by Elias Howe and perfected by Isaac Singer
-Drove seamstresses out of their homes and into factories
-created ready-made clothing helped in making civil war uniforms | | 39 |
| 1039295340 | Telegraph | -Invented Samuel FB. Morse
-tightened communication in the business World
-Connected separate people | | 40 |
| 1039295341 | Mechanical Reaper | -one person running a machine that does the work of 5 people
-Invented by Cyrus McCormick | | 41 |
| 1039295342 | Describe Factory life | -Some factory workers were adults while most were children
-Conditions were often dirty, dangerous, and hot
-Extremely long workdays
-Unions and strikes started to rise even though unions were illegal
-some men pushed for smaller shifts but the factory owners said that product production would be reduced | | 42 |
| 1039295343 | The role and changes for women in this time | -Women were now working in factories instead of home
-women worked a long 6 days a week
-carefully watched by matrons
-escorted from their houses to church and were rarely able to complain in private
-women started to serve as maids for richer families
-teaching become a prime career for women | | 43 |
| 1039295344 | Families in this time period | -fertility rates dropped, families found it better to have less children and put more focus on than have tons of children
-children were taught to be independent rather than obedient and loyal | | 44 |
| 1039295345 | transportation in this time period | -invented to increase toll
-made roads smoother so wagons weren't getting stuck in mud and holes
-Steamboat was invented, making boating easier since waves and tide was no longer an issue
-made products cheaper
-Erie canal and railroads invented | | 45 |
| 1039295346 | Deism | -reason over revelation
-religion was more science based than bible-based
-many rejected the idea of original sin
-stressed a moral good-natured person rather than a religious aspect | | 46 |
| 1039295347 | Unitarianism | belief in one God but not trinity | | 47 |
| 1039295348 | Second Great Awakening | -growing religious variety and freedom caused spark
-first spread to the south and then upward
-heavy evangelism
-spread by "camp meeting"
-many who converted eventually went back to their old ways
-increased church membership
-Methodists and Baptists came into the picture who believed in a more casual approach | | 48 |
| 1039295349 | Mormonism | -named Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
-The book of Mormon
-Polygamy
-Based in Utah since there was more freedom
-Founded by Joseph Smith
-turned the dry west into an oasis
-lead to anti-polygamy law passed by congress | | 49 |
| 1039295350 | Education | -more public schools created
-Oberlin was the first Co-ed college
-NC was the first state to create tax-supported schools
-ppl said that too much learning hurt the female brain | | 50 |
| 1039295351 | Horace Mann | -campaigned for better public schools | | 51 |
| 1039295352 | Noah webster | -created the useful school textbooks
-created the dictionary | | 52 |
| 1039295353 | Ohioan William H McGuffey | -was teacher-preacher
-made the first school reading book titled "McGuffey's Reader" | | 53 |
| 1039295354 | Susan B. Anthony | (1820-1906) An early leader of the women's suffrage (right to vote) movement, co-founded the National Women's Suffrage Association with Elizabeth Cady Stanton in 1869. | | 54 |
| 1039295356 | Prison Reform | -Many were thrown into debtors jail for having less then a dollar of debt
-debtors jail was abolished
-prisons were lighter and less capital punishment
-prisons were based on correction rather locking up | | 55 |
| 1041127363 | New Harmony | This was a society that focused on Utopian Socialism (Communism). It was started by Robert Owens but failed because everybody did not share a fair load of the work.q | | 56 |
| 1041127364 | Little Women | The masterpice of New England writer Louisa May Alcott | | 57 |
| 1041127365 | Transcendentalism | Any system of philosophy emphasizing the intuitive and spiritual above the empirical and material | | 58 |
| 1041127366 | Leaves of Grass | Walt Whitman's shocking collection of emotional poems | | 59 |
| 1041127367 | Seneca Falls Convention | (1848) the first national women's rights convention at which the Declaration of Sentiments was written | | 60 |
| 1041127368 | Brook Farm | A transcendentalist Utopian experiment, put into practice by transcendentalist former Unitarian minister George Ripley | | 61 |
| 1041127369 | Hudson River School | Nationalistic inspired art that focused on romantic landscapes | | 62 |
| 1041127370 | Dorthea Dix | dedicated to improving conditions for the mentally ill. led movement to build new mental hospitals and improve existing ones | | 63 |
| 1041127371 | Brigham Young | A Mormon leader who urged the Mormons to move farther west. They settled at the edge of the lonely desert near the Great Salt Lake. | | 64 |
| 1041127372 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | 1815-1902. American social activist and early proponent of women's rights. Her Declaration of Sentiments speech delivered in Seneca, NY, in 1848, is often credited with initiating the first organized women's suffrage and women's rights movements in the U.S. Was also an early abolitionist. | | 65 |
| 1041127373 | Lucretia Mott | A Quaker who attended an anti-slavery convention in 1840 and her party of women was not recognized. She and Stanton called the first women's right convention in New York in 1848 | | 66 |
| 1041127374 | Emily Dickinson | ... | | 67 |
| 1041127375 | Charles G. Finney | Created the biggest religious revival at Rochester in 1830-1831 attended by all denominations. He was known for speeding conversions. He believed destinies were in people's hands unlike Calvinists. | | 68 |
| 1041127376 | Robert Owen | (1771-1858) British cotton manufacturer believed that humans would reveal their true natural goodness if they lived in a cooperative environment. Tested his theories at New Lanark, Scotland and New Harmony, Indiana, but failed | | 69 |
| 1041127377 | John Humphrey Noyes | Leader of a radical New York commune that practiced "complex marriage" and eugenic birth control | | 70 |
| 1041127378 | Mary Lyon | in 1837 founded the first college for women, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary | | 71 |
| 1041127379 | Louisa May Alcott | A leading female transcendentalist who wrote Little Women and other novels to help support her family | | 72 |
| 1041127380 | James Fenimore Cooper | 1st truly American novelist noted for his stories of Indians and the frontier life; man's relationship w/ nature & westward expansion | | 73 |
| 1041127381 | Ralph Waldo Emerson | American transcendentalist who was against slavery and stressed self-reliance, optimism, self-improvement, self-confidence, and freedom. He was a prime example of a transcendentalist and helped further the movement. | | 74 |
| 1041127382 | Walt Whitman | American poet and transcendentalist who was famous for his beliefs on nature, as demonstrated in his book, Leaves of Grass. He was therefore an important part for the buildup of American literature and breaking the traditional rhyme method in writing poetry. | | 75 |
| 1041127383 | Edgar Allen Poe | (1809-1849). Orphaned at young age. Was an American poet, short-story writer, editor and literary critic, and is considered part of the American Romantic Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre. | | 76 |
| 1041127384 | Herman Melville | American writer whose experiences at sea provided the factual basis of Moby-Dick (1851), considered among the greatest American novels | | 77 |
| 1041382179 | Monticello | Thomas Jefferson's stately self-designed home in Virginia that became a model of American architecture | | 78 |
| 1041382180 | Knickerbocker | the group of 19th century writers from New York who finally gained international acclaim for their literary works. | | 79 |
| 1041382181 | Civil Disobedience | A group's refusal to obey a law because they believe the law is immoral (as in protest against discrimination) | | 80 |
| 1041453115 | Seminole War (1835-1842) | were three conflicts in Florida between the Seminole — the collective name given to the amalgamation of various groups of native Americans and Black people who settled in Florida in the early 18th century — and the United States Army. | | 81 |
| 1041453116 | Sectionalism | Different parts of the country developing unique and separate cultures (as the North, South and West). This can lead to conflict. | | 82 |
| 1041453117 | Democratic party | A political party formed by supporters of Andrew Jackson after the presidential election of 1824 | | 83 |
| 1041453118 | nationalism | A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country | | 84 |
| 1041453119 | American System | Economic program advanced by Henry Clay that included support for a national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements; emphasized strong role for federal government in the economy. | | 85 |
| 1041453120 | Indian Removal Act | (1830) a congressional act that authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River | | 86 |
| 1041453121 | The Bank War | Jackson was determined to destroy the Bank of the United States because he thought it was too powerful. He felt the Bank was unconstitutional and only benefited the rich. | | 87 |
| 1041453122 | Nicholas Biddle | President of the Second Bank of the United States; he struggled to keep the bank functioning when President Jackson tried to destroy it. | | 88 |
| 1041453123 | Pet Banks | State banks where Andrew Jackson placed deposits removed from the federal National Bank. | | 89 |
| 1041453124 | Wildcat banks | The banks of the western frontier. These banks were hit hard by the Panic of 1819. The Bank of the United States' response to the panic of 1819 made the nationalist bank a financial devil in the eyes of wildcat banks. | | 90 |
| 1041453125 | Texas War for Independence | After a few skirmishes with Mexican soldiers in 1835, Texas leaders met and organized a temporar | | 91 |
| 1041453126 | Stephen Austin | Original settler of Texas, granted land from Mexico on condition of no slaves, convert to Roman Catholic, and learn Spanish | | 92 |
| 1041453127 | Sam Houston | American general and politician who fought in the struggle for Texas's independence from Mexico and became president of the Republic of Texas. | | 93 |
| 1041453128 | Battle of San Jacinto | (1836) Final battle of the Texas Revolution; resulted in the defeat of the Mexican army and independence for Texas | | 94 |
| 1041453129 | "Log Cabins and Hard Cider" | Slogan for presidential candidate William H. Harrison in 1840; Harrison won by portrayal as a "common man" of the people | | 95 |
| 1041453130 | William Henry Harrison | (1841), was an American military leader, politician, the ninth President of the United States, and the first President to die in office. His death created a brief Constitutional crisis, but ultimately resolved many questions about presidential succession left unanswered by the Constitution until passage of the 25th Amendment. Led US forces in the Battle of Tippecanoe. | | 96 |
| 1041453131 | George Catlin | A painter and student of Native American life. He was the first american to advocate the preservation of nature as a deliberate national policy. 1832 observed sioux slaughtering buffalo, leading to the creation of a national park. | | 97 |
| 1041453132 | "Know Nothing Party" | A political party that OPPOSED immigration to the United States, officially named the American Party | | 98 |
| 1041453133 | Samuel Slater | "Father of the Factory System" in America; escaped Britain with the memorized plans for the textile machinery; put into operation the first spinning cotton thread in 1791. | | 99 |
| 1041453134 | Textile Mills | developed in New England around 1800, used water power, produced cloth from cotton for manufactured goods, greatly increased the demand for cotton | | 100 |
| 1041453135 | Child Labor | In the late 1800s a significant portion of the labor force was made up of children under the age of 15, some as young as 5 years old. These child laborers did not attend school. They worked in sweat shops which were workshops in tenements rather than factories. | | 101 |
| 1041453136 | Lowell Girls | Almost all of the factory workers in Lowell, Massachusetts were female. This case brought attention to the inhumane and callous conditions of the early factories. | | 102 |
| 1041453137 | John Deere/steel plow | American blacksmith that was responsible for inventing the steel plow. This new plow was much stronger than the old iron version; therefore, it made plowing farmland in the west easier, making expansion faster. | | 103 |
| 1041453138 | Lancaster Turnpike | Pennsylvania turnpike, built in the 1790s, which connected Philadelphia with the rich farmlands around Lancaster. Its success stimulated the construction of other privately built and relatively short toll roads that, by the mid-1820s, connected most of the country's major cities | | 104 |
| 1041453139 | Robert Fulton | American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat and the first steam warship (1765-1815) | | 105 |
| 1041453140 | Erie Canal | "Clinton's Big Ditch" that transformed transportation and economic life across the Great Lakes region from Buffalo to Chicago | | 106 |
| 1041453141 | Pony Express | A system of messengers on horseback established in 1860 to carry mail across the United States. | | 107 |
| 1041453142 | Market Revolution | Dramatic increase btwn 1820 and 1850 in the exchange of goods and services in market transactions. Resulted from thee combo impact of the increased output of farms and factories, the entrepreneurial activities of traders and merchants, and the dev of a transportation network of roads, canals and RR. | | 108 |
| 1041453143 | John Audobon | illustrated Birds of America, naturalist | | 109 |
| 1041453144 | Washington Irving | American writer remembered for the stories "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," contained in The Sketch Book (1819-1820). | | 110 |
| 1041453145 | Henry Wadsworth Longfellow | American poet that was influenced somewhat by the transcendentalism occurring at the time. He was important in building the status of American literature. | | 111 |
| 1041453146 | Camp meetings | a tool of the Second Great Awakening where people would gather to hear hellfire speeches | | 112 |
