European History

87Kinberg, Nicholas Michael Chakmakian AP European History 4 June 2015 Chapter 17 Outline Cold War: Global Politics, Econ. Recovery, Cultural Change 1m?s of Euro refugees trekked100s/1k?s of mi. on foot to return to homes Housing was nonexistent; 1946, 100m Euros lived on <1.5k cal/day Fam?s. scraped vegetables from gardens/traded smuggled goods on black market Gov?t?s rationed food; winter 1946, had no fuel Coal, prewar supply, couldn?t be transported to needy areas 2 powers emerged, US/USSR, dev. Of ?Cold War? Cold War divided Euro, East occupied by USSR, West by US Led to political/econ. Integration, resulting in Euro Common Market in West/socialist bloc dominated by USSR inEast Collapse of empires/creation of nations raised stakes of Cold War

Kinberg, Nicholas Michael Chakmakian AP European History 31 May 2015 Chapter 15 Outline Turmoil Between Wars WW1 took 9m/destroyed Euro confidence Euros in interwar yrs. Wantedsocialism/commie, turned to extremisms on right Result in 20s was collapse of democracy; 30s, few democracies remained Brit, France, US, regimes were frayed by challenges Cause of democracy?s decline was econ., caused by WW1/Great Depression of 1929-33 Layin social conflict, exacerbated by war; electorate rallied to extremist parties that promised transformations of nations Nat?l?ism was source of discontent, Italy/Germany, nat?l?ism turned against gov?t?s

Kinberg, Nicholas Michael Chakmakian AP European History 27 May 2015 Chapter 13 Outline Modern Industry/Mass Politics, 1870 ? 1914 Revolting against conservatism of Italian culture,Italian poet/lit. editor F. T. Marinetti called for renewal of civilization thru ?courage, audacity, revolt? Trumpeted futurism, new form of beauty, beauty of speed Celebrated war/disparaged 19thliberalism Late 19th, 2ndindustrial revolution produced techniques for manufacturing/sources of power, including electricity/petroleum; transformed Euro towns/cities Euro nation-state electorates expo?d./new blocs of voters participated; mass-based political parties brought new demands; socialists mobilized industrial workers, suffragists demanded franchise for women

Kinberg, Nicholas Michael Chakmakian AP European History 23 May 2015 Chapter 11 Outline Territories, States, Citizens, 1848 ? 1871 3/13/1848, Klemens von Metternich was forced toresign as minister of state His system of internat'l relations, stability was guaranteed by reinforcing legit. Of rulers against reform, was swept aside by liberalism Fled England; French king was overthrown in 2/1848 Regime change, expo., econ., citizenship were issues in 1848 Nationalismwas based on assumption that gov?t?s could be legit. Only if they reflected char., history, customs of nation 1789-1848, Euros associated nat?l?ism with liberalism

Kinberg, Nicholas Michael Chakmakian AP European History 17 May 2015 Chapter 9 Outline Industrial Revolution/19thSociety Following dev. Of mechanized industry/emergence oflarge-scale manufacturing in Brit textiles, industrialization spread to Euro/North America Led proliferation of capital-intensive enterprises, new ways of organizing labor/cities Made possible by newnrg, led to faster forms ofmechanized transport, higher productivity, emergence of consumer markets for manufactured goods 1800, world produced 10m tons of coal 1900, produced 1b; Industrial Revolution brought fossil-fuel age Mechanization made possible gains in productivity