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European History

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Enlightenment Study Guide

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Study Guide Enlightenment ? using scientific laws to explain society, government and human behavior Progress could be achieved by applying Natural Science methods to all aspects of life and using the scientific method to discover the laws of human society. The goal was to create a better society. How did ideas spread? Journals, magazine, newspapers, pamphlet (Mass Media) Intellectuals would share ideas and theories at salons and coffeehouses. The purpose of a salon is to bring a mix of ideas into the community. Voltaire Deist; wanted freedom of religion and freedom of the press/speech; believed government should fight sloth and stupidity, keep clergy under government, allow freedom of thought and promote technical progress; encouraged enlightened despotism Jean Jacques Rousseau

Fascism

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Fascism is a form of Government originating from Benito Mussolini's regime in Italy and then moving to Adolph Hitler in Germany. Fascism has not set definition but it follows these principles: -Very Nationalistic, they promote people to see their ethnicities as higher or superior than those of others. -Government controls economy but not as much as communism -Rightmost on political spectrum -Radical

A History of Western Society - Growth of European Nation States (p. 487-496) - Politics, Religion, and War

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Growth of European Nation States p. 487-496: Textbook notes: Politics, Religion, and War 1559: Cateau-Cambresis Treaty signed: ended Hapsburg-Valios Wars between France and Spain: Spain was the victor Philip II (Charles V's son) leader of Spain worked with France to control Protestantism: 100 Years War The Peace of Westphalia was signed 1648 to end the 100 Years War The Origins of Difficulties in France France had economic issues and had a rise in population, serfdom disappeared as a result of the 100 Years War Francis I and his son Henry II ran the council in France Francis made the Concordat of Bologna: Francis agreed to recognize the supremacy of the papacy over a universal council, and the French got the right to appoint their own bishops and abbots

mckay Chapter 29: Dictatorships and the Second World War vocab

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A appeasement British policy that granted Hitler everything he could reasonably want (and more) in order to avoid war. (p. 972) B Black Shirts a private army under Mussolini who destroyed socialist newspapers, union halls, and Socialist party headquarters, eventually pushing Socialists out of the city governments of Northern Italy. (p. 965) blitzkrieg "lightening war" using planes, tanks, and trucks, the first example of which Hitler used to crush Poland in four weeks. (p. 975) C collectivization the forcible consolidation of individual peasant farms into large, state-controlled enterprises. (p. 960) E Enabling Act act pushed through the Reichstag by the Nazis which gave Hitler absolute dictatorial power for four years. (p. 969)

Rise of Social Democracy in Germany

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Hannah Taylor AP European History February 1st, 2011 1871- 1912 Rise of Social Democracy in Germany Last Years of Bismarck?s reign The German Empire Confederation with Prussia in the lead Emperor and Chancellor of Prussia lead the Empire Bicameral Legislature Upper house reflects aristocracy and is favored more Lower house elected by universal male suffrage Focus now on internal affairs Threat of Catholicism 1864 Syllabus of Errors published by the pope Papal infallibility doctrine threatens authority of government Makes Bismarck suspicious Bismarck outlines Kulturkampf The German Center party follows Catholic lead Laws put through to curtail their influence Limited Catholic worship Jesuits expelled, Bishops arrested or exiled Marriage a state ceremony

Rise of Social Democracy in Germany

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Hannah Taylor AP European History February 1st, 2011 1871- 1912 Rise of Social Democracy in Germany Last Years of Bismarck?s reign The German Empire Confederation with Prussia in the lead Emperor and Chancellor of Prussia lead the Empire Bicameral Legislature Upper house reflects aristocracy and is favored more Lower house elected by universal male suffrage Focus now on internal affairs Threat of Catholicism 1864 Syllabus of Errors published by the pope Papal infallibility doctrine threatens authority of government Makes Bismarck suspicious Bismarck outlines Kulturkampf The German Center party follows Catholic lead Laws put through to curtail their influence Limited Catholic worship Jesuits expelled, Bishops arrested or exiled Marriage a state ceremony

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