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US History

This is a survey course that provides students with an investigation of important political, economic, and social developments in American history from the pre-colonial time period to the present day. Students will be engaged in activities that call upon their skills as historians (i.e. recognizing cause and effect relationships, various forms of research, expository and persuasive writing, reading of primary and secondary sources, comparing and contrasting important ideas and events).

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APUSH Chp. 11 Southern White Society

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Small minority of southern whites owned slaves - 1860: 8m white population only 400k slaveholders (1/20th) + small proportion of already small number of slaveholders had a substantial number of slaves
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APUSH Chp. 11 Southern Trade and Industry

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OtherOther economic activity (aside from agricultural expansion) slow - Growing flour milling, textile and iron manufacturing, but insignificant ? Value of southern textile manufactures in 1860 a threefold increase, but exports only 200 million - Commercial sector focused on serving plantation economy ? Brokers/"factors": marketed crops and gave credit to planters in replacement of banks - Obstacles of practically nonexistent canals, crude roads, ineffective railroads Principal transportation: water - Increasing reliance on North James D. B. De Bow (from New Orleans) -> De Bow's Commercial Review -> southern commercial expansion & economic independence (small circulation)

APUSH Chp. 11 Sources of Southern Difference

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Great profitability of agricultural system causing little incentive to develop manufacturing - Wealthy southerners most investments in land and slaves Thought of themselves as representatives of a special way of life (grace and refinement > rapid growth and development)
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APUSH Chp. 11 Slavery the "Peculiar Institution"

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Name from being distinctive, special Isolated South from rest of American society, and much of the world Isolated blacks from whites, but also mutually deep influence
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APUSH Chp. 11 Rise of King Cotton

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Short-staple Cotton: - Hardier/coarser, but easier to grow, more versatility in location and soil - Previously not sued due to difficult of processing (seeds hard to remove from fiber) ? Solved by cotton gin (1793) - Growing demand for cotton ? 1820s and 1830s Britain ? 1840s and 1850s New England - Production moved further west from Southeast Coast - 1850s, cotton the linchpin of southern economy ? 1860s (civil war) , 2/3 of total export trade of US Booming cotton production in Deep South/lower South/cotton kingdom: - Migration of settlers (majority small slaveholders and slaveless farmers) - "Second Middle Passage" 1840 - 1860 huge forced migration of slaves from upper South to lower South/cottons states

APUSH Chp. 11 Fall of Other Forms of Cotton

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Tobacco: Upper South - continuing reliance on tobacco, but tobacco notoriously unstable and land-exhaustive - 1830s: ? farmers from old tobacco-growing regions (Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina) changing to other crops ? center of tobacco cultivation to Piedmont Rice: Coastal South (South Carolina, Georgia, Florida) - stable, lucrative, BUT long growing season (9 months), substantial irrigation - only small area of cultivation Sugar: Gulf Coast, southern Louisiana and eastern Texas - Reasonably profitable - Intensive (debilitating) labor, long growing time ? only wealthy could afford to cultivate - Major competition from Caribbean - Did not spread Long-staple (Sea Island) Cotton: coastal regions of Southeast - Could only grow in limited area

chronological reasoning

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Chronological Reasoning Wilmot Proviso- he Wilmot Proviso was a proposal to prohibit slavery in the territory acquired by the United States at the conclusion of the Mexican War. In 1846, David Wilmot a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania, proposed the Wilmot Proviso. Mexican American war- The Mexican?American War, also known in the United States as the Mexican War and in Mexico as the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States from 1846 to 1848. Fugitive Slave Act- Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave-holding interests and Northern Free-Soilers.

Understanding the Primary Text

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Understanding the Primary Text 1. Why does Lincoln begin his eulogy to the soldiers buried at Gettysburg with a reference to "Four score and seven years ago"? Because 87 years ago was the Declaration of Independence, it was to remind them/you of what they're fighting for, which is freedom. 2. Why does Lincoln at Gettysburg call human equality a "proposition," meaning something that needs to be proven? Because not everyone is free, it's an idea but it needs to be proven that all men are created equally. 3. What does Lincoln mean by calling the Civil War a test of the ability of the nation to "long endure"? If they can survive this civil war and still stay as a union, they will stay a union.

Lincoln vs Douglass

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Lincoln & Douglass Debate 1. Douglass explains how Lincoln said that the government cannot permanently stay in the same condition made by industry and farmers, its either a free state or a slave state. He says that we can?t turn it back to when the founding fathers established a government. Laws and regulations weren?t deemed much attention by plantations, therefore, provided that each State should retain its own legislature. Douglass responds by saying why can?t the country be divided into slave or free state. 2. Lincoln is opposed by the Dred Scott decision because it deprives the black people?s rights and privileges of citizenship. If you desire citizenship for the black community, if

World War I Study Guide

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WWI Study Guide Reading: Chapter 13 Can you? ?Select examples of advancements in technology, communication and transportation and explain how some have improved lives and others have had negative consequences? ?Define militarism? Militarism - the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests. ?Explain how militarism leads to an increase in distrust between countries? European countries built up massive armies and stocks of weapons. Countries were ready to fight and each country had to watch it?s back from an ambush, since they all had the weapons to do so. You could say militarism was a cause of WWI. ?Define alliances?

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