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World History

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Key Concept 1.1. Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth The term Big Geography draws attention to the global nature of world history. Throughout the Paleolithic period, humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas. Early humans were mobile and creative in adapting to different geographical settings from savanna to desert to Ice Age tundra. By making an analogy with modern hunterforager societies, anthropologists infer that these bands were relatively egalitarian. Humans also developed varied and sophisticated technologies.

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AP World History Karthik Narayanan PERSIA chart template Unit Date Range: 600 BCE-600 CE Africa Middle East Europe East Asia South Asia Southeast Asia Political Ritually Isolated Kings The Carthaginian people lived in north Africa. Persian Empire ruled; Cyrus? decedents. Ruled with a system of ?provinces?. Satraps governed each province. They reported to the ruler. The Roman republic was in public possession. Augustus ended the republic, made it the empire. Constantine moved capital and split country. Used Mandate of heaven to justify rule. If you pass the civil service exam you are part of Gentry. Great wall to keep xiongnu out. Ashoka was ruler who spread Buddhism. Gupta was a theater state. Maurya was first united India. Funan Empire

Chapter 15 Outline: Traditions and Encounters 5th Ed., Bentley&Ziegler

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Samuel Choi CHAPTER 15 OUTLINE Islamic and Hindu Kingdoms The Quest or Centralized Imperial Rule Harsha After the collapse of the Gupta dynasty, the idea of centralized rule did not completely disappear. King Harsha temporarily unified Northern India, and invaded the other kingdoms of northern India. By 612, he had subdued people who did not recognize his authority, and he started foreign relations with Tibet and China. Harsha was a generous ruler, giving free medical care and gifts to his subjects. He patronized scholars and himself wrote 3 plays. Collapse of Harsha?s Kingdom Harsha was unable to restore centralized rule, because local rulers had entrenched their authority too deply. His empire was held together by his attention and personality

Chapter 14 Outline: Traditions and Encounters 5th Ed., Bentley&Ziegler

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Samuel Choi CHAPTER 14 OUTLINE The Restoration of Centralized Imperial Rule in China The Sui Dynasty Establishment of the Dynasty Yiang Jian was the first Sui ruler Yang Jian appointed Duke of Sui in Northern China by Turkish ruler, who died in 580, left a 7-year old heir Yang Jian installed the boy as leader, but forced his abdication a year later and claimed the mandate of heaven. In the next decade, Yang Jian sent military into South and Central Asia, and by 589, ruled all of China. The Sui emperors had high demands from the people, had big construction projects, military expeditions, high taxes, and compulsory labor. The Grand Canal Most elaborate Sui project was the construction of the Grand Canal, one of world?s largest water projects.

Chapter 12 Outline: Traditions and Encounters 5th Ed., Bentley&Ziegler

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Sam Choi CHAPTER 12 OUTLINE Long-Distance Trade and The Silk Roads Network Trade Networks of the Hellenistic Era The frequency of long-distance trade increased during the Hellenistic era. This was mainly because of colonies established by the Seleucids and Alexander the Great in Persia and Bactria. Such settlements were originally populated by military and administrators, but later attracted Greek merchants, who connected such areas to the Mediterranean. Seleucids promoted trade, controlled trade routes between Bactria and rest of world. Ptolemies also focused on maritime as well as overland trade, defeated pirates and built new ports. The Monsoon System Ptolemaic mariners learned about monsoon winds and the wind cycle in the Indian basin

How did the organization of labor shape political and social structures?

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How did the organization of labor shape political and social structures? Kings and Priests controlled wealth, and below them were three classes: free landowning people, dependent farmers and artisans, and slaves or prisoners of war. The development of agriculture called for the decline in the status of women. Men did the value-producing work of plowing and irrigation, while women had no political role. They could only own property, control dowry, and engage in trade.
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How did plant and animal domestication set the scene for civilization?

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How did plant and animal domestication set the scene for the emergence of civilization? The domestication of plants coincided with the cultivation of the use of fire. Environments dictated the choice of crops, which is why there are different types of food in all places of the world. The domestication of animals occured during the same time as that of plants. When global warming heightened, it transitioned hunter-gathering lifestyles to agricultural lifestyles, which historians call the Helocene Revolution (9000 BCE). With this new lifestyle came the emergence of civilization, and it increased the population from ten million in 5000 BCE to fifty to one hundred million by 1000 BCE.

Why did the earliest civilizations arise in river valleys?

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Why did the earliest civilizations arise in river valleys? Plant domestication set the scene for the emergence of civilization, and if there is one thing plants cannot live without, it is water. Most people in early food producing societies lived in villages near rivers. Mesopotamia, the first civilization, was formed between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. There, not much rain fell, so they used water from the rivers to cultivate the crops. Its warm climate called for good soil, and the Nile regularly deposited silt.
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