AP Biology Lab 1
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Adelinne Wenger Periods 1-2 Aim How can we make a mount of a leaf peel to study the structure and distribution of stomata? Introduction
Plant Anatomy
Adelinne Wenger Periods 1-2 Aim How can we make a mount of a leaf peel to study the structure and distribution of stomata? Introduction
plantevolution
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Bio104 Laboratory ? Student?s Guide John Jay College, C.U.N.Y Lab #6 ? Page 1 Lab #6: Evolution of Land Plants I. Introduction a. Last week, we learned about several types of green algae and explored their evolution from solitary single-celled organisms through colonialism and into multicellularity. Although green algae are protists, green algae and land plants share a common ancestor and have many shared features. Both are Eukaryotes and both have chloroplasts that are strikingly similar. b. However, plants have diverged considerably from algae. The two most striking differences are that plants have evolved life cycles that are very distinct from that of protists, and that nearly
Campbell Biology Chapter 6 Outline
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Mica Piro Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell Biologists Use Microscopes and the Tools of Biochemistry to Study Cells (6.1) Microscopy Microscopes first used by Renaissance scientists are all light microscopes (LM) Visible light passed through the specimen and then through glass lenses Lenses refract/bend the light so the image of the specimen is magnified as it is projected into the eye or into a camera Magnification: ratio of an object?s image size to its real size LMs can magnify about 1,000 times the actual size Higher magnification = less detailed image Resolution: a measure of the clarity of the image?minimum distance 2 points can be separated and still be distinguished as separate points Contrast: the difference in brightness between the light and dark areas of an image
Campbell Biology Chapter 36 Outline
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Mica Piro Chapter 36: Resource Acquisition & Transport in Vascular Plants Adaptations for acquiring resources were key steps in the evolution of vascular plants (36.1) EVOLUTON Land plants typically inhabit 2 worlds?above ground (where shoots acquire sunlight and CO2) and below ground (where roots acquire water and minerals) The algal ancestors of land plants absorbed water, minerals, and CO2 directly from the water in which they lived Earliest land plants were nonvascular plants that grew photosynthetic shoots above the shallow fresh water in which they lived The leafless shoots had waxy cuticles and few stomata, which allowed them to avoid excessive water loss while still permitting some exchange of CO2 and O2 for photosynthesis
Campbell Biology Chapter 35 Outline
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Mica Piro Chapter 35: Plant Structure, Growth, & Development Plants have a hierarchical organization consisting of organs, tissues, and cells (35.1) An organ consists of several types of tissues that together carry out particular functions A tissue is a group of cells, consisting of one or more cell types that together perform a specialized function Vegetative growth (production of leaves, stems, and roots) is only one stage in a plant?s life Most plants undergo growth relating to sexual reproduction In angiosperms, reproductive growth is associated with the production of flowers The 3 Basic Plant Organs: Roots, Stems, and Leaves
AP Bio Review
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AP BIOLOGY SEMESTER 2 REVIEW UNIT 7 CONTINUED: ANIMAL FORM & FUNCTION Cell Communication Reception ? signal molecule binds to receptor protein in cell membranes causing it to change shape G protein coupled receptor Transduction = cascade of molecules activates relaying signal within cell Signal transduction pathway (ex. G-protein, tyrosine-kinase receptors, ion channel receptors) Phosphorylation cascades Secondary messenger system (ex. Cyclic AMP, Ca2+ ions, DAG, IP3) Response Transcription factors turn genes on or off Cellular activity activate enzymes, open cell membrane channels, apoptosis Scaffolding proteins Endocrine System (table page 961) Homeostasis Blood sugar regulation, blood calcium regulation Negative feedback, positive feedback Neurosecretory cells
AP Bio Review
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AP BIOLOGY SEMESTER 2 REVIEW UNIT 7 CONTINUED: ANIMAL FORM & FUNCTION Cell Communication Reception ? signal molecule binds to receptor protein in cell membranes causing it to change shape G protein coupled receptor Transduction = cascade of molecules activates relaying signal within cell Signal transduction pathway (ex. G-protein, tyrosine-kinase receptors, ion channel receptors) Phosphorylation cascades Secondary messenger system (ex. Cyclic AMP, Ca2+ ions, DAG, IP3) Response Transcription factors turn genes on or off Cellular activity activate enzymes, open cell membrane channels, apoptosis Scaffolding proteins Endocrine System (table page 961) Homeostasis Blood sugar regulation, blood calcium regulation Negative feedback, positive feedback Neurosecretory cells
Animal and Plant Cell Lab
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Maia Regman Mrs. Magnan Biology Honors 28 October 2013 Plant and Animal Cells Objective The objective of this lab was to learn what a microscope reveals about plant and animal cells. The completion of this lab should teach the participant the differences between plant and animal cells and how to examine samples of the covering tissues of a plant (the onion) and of an animal (the participant) using the epidermis and cells from a cheek swab of epithelial tissue. Materials Packet Pages L14 to L16 Onion Chunks Compound Microscope Microscope Slides Covers Slips Water Pipette Lugol?s Iodine Solution Tweezers (optional) Paper Towels Flat Toothpicks Procedures. Part A: Cells of the Onion Epidermis Gently peel off one of the thin layers of the inside of the onion chunk.
biology
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Miles Diehl 5th period 10/26/2013 All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the most basic unit of structure, function, and organization in all organisms. All cells come from pre-existing, living cells. It is important because it describes the properties of cells, and the basic unit of structure in every living thing. Matthias Jakob Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, and Rudolf Virchow together formulated the cell theory.
BIO 1b plants 9
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Dr. Feldman?s Lecture Outlines - 13 Lecture 9, Shoots, secondary structure -Secondary growth responsible for increase in width -Results from the vascular cambium which is a lateral meristem. -produces seconday xylem = wood -produces secondary phloem = bark -Origin of the vascular cambium -how does it function? -fusiform initials = axial (up and down) system -ray initials = radial system -Rays -characteristics -Annual rings -Monocots lack a vascular cambium -how do they then increase in width? -The cork cambium -is another type of lateral meristem -produces cork -periderm = cork and associated layers -cork may arise in 2 ways. The first (and sometimes only cork cambium) arises in outer layers of cortex beneath epidermis. The second cork cambium arises in outer regions of
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