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Cell Biology

Campbell Biology 9th - Unit 1

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Biology
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Biology
organelles
Membrane biology
Cell Biology
Cell membrane
Endomembrane system
cell
Cytosol
Vesicle
mitochondrion
Endoplasmic reticulum
Membrane protein
health

Ch.7 ? Membrane What makes something alive? What do all living things have in common? Carbon based Cells DNA Living organisms 1.8 million known species 10-100 million estimates species 3 domains Bacteria Archea Eukarya Same basic components Cells ? lowest level of organization that can perform all activities required for life Eukaryotic ? nucleus & other membrane-bound structures Prokaryotic ? simpler, membrane & DNA Cells & tissues made from same set of chemicals Carbon Nitrogen Hydrogen Oxygen Organic molecules/nutrients cycle through organisms & environment All organisms transfer & transform energy to power cellular processes Living organisms have been around for billions of years Prokaryotes ? 3.5 billion years ago Eukaryotes ? 2 billion Multi-cellular life ? 1.2 billion

AP Bio notes

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Biology
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Biology
organelles
Membrane biology
Cell Biology
Endomembrane system
cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Cytosol
Vesicle
Eukaryote
health

6.2 Eukaryotic Cells I. Eukaryotic cells include animal, plant, protest, and fungi cells. Prokaryotic cells include bacteria and archaea. A. Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic 1. SMILARITIES a. bounded by plasma membrane b. within membrane is a semifluid substance called cytosol in which organelles are found c. chromosomes ? carrying genes in form of RNA/DNA d. ribosomes ? tiny organelles that make proteins from genes 2. DIFFERENCES Eukaryote Prokaryote - Nucleus (chromosomes) - Nucleoid (but no membrane separates it from rest of the cell)

Chapter 1 PPT (7TH EDITION)

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Biology
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Biology
microbiology
Evolutionary biology
Cell Biology
organism
Zoology
evolution
Multicellular organism
Microorganism
metabolism
bacteria
organelle

Inquiring About the World of Life Biology is the science of life Traditionally divided into three divisions: - Botany - Zoology (NOT Zoo-ology!) - Microbiology 3 Modern Biology Many diverse subdivisions, such as: - Wildlife Biology - Cellular Biology - Anatomy & Physiology - Ecology - Genetics - Evolutionary Biology - Molecular Biology - Developmental Biology - Immunology - Behavioral Ecology - Marine Biology 4 - asking questions and seeking science-based answers The central activity of biology: scientific inquiry Biologists ask questions such as: how a single cell develops into an organism - how the human mind works - how living things interact in communities Biology is therefore a quest ? an ongoing inquiry about the nature of life

CHAPTER 7 SECTION 2

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Biology
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Biology
organelles
Membrane biology
Cell Biology
cell
Vesicle
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasm
Biological membrane
Endomembrane system
Eukaryote
mitochondrion
health

Lesson Overview 7.2 Cell Structure 7.2 Bellringer ? Division of Labor Division of Labor A cell is made up of many parts with different functions that work together. Similarly, the parts of a computer work together to carry out different functions. 1. List different parts & function of a computer. 2. How do the functions of these computer parts correspond to the functions of certain cell parts? 3. What might happen if one part of a computer stopped working? THINK ABOUT IT At first glance, a factory is a puzzling place, and the sheer diversity of activity can be confusing. However, if you take your time and watch carefully, what might at first seem like chaos begins to make sense. The same is true for the living cell. Student Objectives

CHAPTER 7 SECTION 1: LIFE IS CELLULAR

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Science
Cell Biology
Electron microscopy
microbiology
organelles
Microscopes
cell
Optical microscope
Staining
Electron microscope
Microscopy
health
Technology

Chapter 7: Cell Structure & Function 7.1 Life is Cellular THINK ABOUT IT What?s the smallest part of any living thing that still counts as being ?alive?? Can we just keep dividing living things into smaller and smaller parts, or is there a point at which what?s left is no longer alive? As you will see, there is such a limit. The smallest living unit of any organism is the cell. 7.1 Student Objectives: I can state the cell theory and distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. I can describe how the different types of microscopes work. Bellringer 7.1 ? Cell Theory Cell Theory

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

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Biology
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Cellular processes
Cell Biology
Cell membrane
Endocytosis
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Vesicle
Clathrin
Exocytosis
Cytosis
Phagocytosis
Biological membrane

Endocytosis and Exocytosis Endocytosis is when a material is taken through the membrane by folding inwards or basically it is moving things that are outside of the cell, into the cell by extending the membrane outwards and surrounding the food particle. (General Term) Exocytosis is the reverse of endocytosis. It is the discharge of the materials from the vesicles inside the cell, to the outside of the cell. Then the vesicle joins the cell membrane. There are three types of endocytosis: Pinocytosis ? the process of taking in something that is liquid. Phagocytosis ? the process of taking something that is rather solid like fragment of an organic sell. Receptor mediated endocytosis ? Taking in specific molecules such as Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) Receptor Mediated endocytosis

Campbell Bio 8Ed Ch1 Notes Outline

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Biology
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Biology
microbiology
Cell Biology
organism
Prokaryote
evolution
Archaea
bacteria
cell
Eukaryote
Protein domain
scientific method
health
Technology

Chapter 1 Inquiring About the World of Life: Evolution: fundamental organizing principle of bio Biology: scientific study of life Answer questions about our everyday lives Evolution is core of bio New properties exist at each level of biology Emergent properties: arise at each level that do not exist at the preceding level Systems Biology: goal is to model the dynamic behavior of bio systems Organisms interact with environment Structure and Function Correlate at all levels Cells are basic units of structure and function Eukaryotic cell: subdivided into internal membranes Prokaryotic cell: simpler and smaller than eukaryotic cell Life based on information in form of DNA Genes: units that transmit inheritance info Genome: ?library of genetic instructions an organism inherits?

Biology Notes

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Chemistry
metabolism
cellular respiration
Plant physiology
excretion
Cell Biology
organism
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Oxygen
cell
Environment


Text automatically extracted from attachment below. Please download attachment to view properly formatted document.
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Unit I: The Concept of Life Biology : The Study of Life How is Life Defined? Key Idea: All living things carry out eight essential life functions. Collectively, the eight life functions are known as metabolism. Nutrition: the process in which food (organic molecules) is absorbed (ingestion) and used or broken down (digestion). Transport: the process in which material is moved from one place to another (circulated) within organisms. Active Transport: the type of transport that moves material from a low to high concentration while using energy.

Cellular Transportation Overview

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Biology
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diffusion
Membrane biology
Transport phenomena
Water technology
Cell Biology
Osmosis
Tonicity
Passive transport
Reverse osmosis
Active transport
Molecular diffusion
health
Technology

Cellular Transportation Josey Nelson Introduction Helps in maintaining homeostasis Two types: Passive Transportation No energy required Two main types High to low concentration Active Transportation Uses ATP for transportation Low to high concentration Diffusion The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration Purpose: to reach equilibrium Osmosis is diffusion of water 3 major types Diffusion of ions Diffusion of molecules Osmosis (diffusion of water) Facilitated Diffusion Uses proteins to transport ions and molecules High to low concentration Requires Carrier Proteins No ATP (energy) Types of Solutions Hypotonic: a solution that contains higher water concentrations in solution

Cell Components

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Biology
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organelles
Cell Biology
microbiology
Bacteriology
cell
Membrane biology
Eukaryote
bacteria
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome
Flagellum
health

Components of Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells Cell Component Main Functions Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Bacteria, Archaea Protists Fungi Plants Animals Cell Wall Protection, structural support # # X X ---- Plasma Membrane Control of substances moving into & out of cell X X X X X Nucleus Physical separation of DNA of cytoplasm ----! X X X X DNA Encodes hereditary info X X X X X Nucleolus Assembly of ribosome subunits ---- X X X X Ribosome Protein synthesis X X X X X Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Synthesis, modification of membrane proteins, lipid synthesis ---- X X X X Golgi Body Final modification of membrane proteins; sorting, packaging lipids & proteins into vesicles ---- X X X X

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