Diversity of Life Review
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David Kim 3/29/14 Dr. Oliveira AP Biology
Developmental biology
David Kim 3/29/14 Dr. Oliveira AP Biology
AP Bio Reading Guide Answers CH 47
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Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name _______________________ Period ___________ Chapter 47: Animal Development Overview 1. Before beginning this chapter let?s review the basic embryological stages common across a range of animal species. The basic embryological plan is zygote ? cleavage ? blastula ? gastrula ? organogenesis. Explain what each term means and how one stage leads to the next. Zygote: The product of a sperm and an egg fusing (i.e., fertilization) Cleavage: When a series of cell divisions divide or cleave the zygote into a many-celled embryo; typically rapid and lack accompanying cell growth, converting the embryo to a blastula Blastula: A hollow ball of cells that marks the end of the cleavage stage of an early embryo
chapter 13 reading guide
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AP Biology Name _________________________ Chapter 13 Guided Reading Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction.?? Define the following terms: Life cycle? Somatic cell? Karyotype? Homologous chromosomes? Sex chromosomes? Autosomes? Diploid cell? Haploid cell? Fertilization? Zygote? meiosis? How are karyotypes prepared???? Describe the three different types of life cycles.????? What exactly is meant by alternation of generations???? Complete the diagram below outlining an overview of meiosis.???? What are the two broad goals of meiosis??? Label the following diagrams of meiosis.?????? Summarize the comparison of mitosis and meiosis.????????? Describe in detail the three sources of genetic variation in meiosis. ?????? ?????? ???
Chapter 1- Campbell Biology
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Chapter 1 Exploring Life Figure 1.1 Biology is the science that focuses on life Figure 1.2 Some properties of life (c) Response to the environment (a) Order (d) Regulation (g) Reproduction (f) Growth and development (b) Evolutionary adaptation (e) Energy processing Figure 1.3 Exploring Levels of Biological Organization 1 The biosphere 2 Ecosystems 3 Communities 4 Populations 5 Organisms 8 Cells 6 Organs and organ systems 7 Tissues 10 Molecules 9 Organelles 50 ?m 10 ?m 1 ?m Cell Atoms Figure 1.4 Basic scheme for energy flow through an ecosystem Producers (plants and other photosynthetic organisms) Consumers (including animals) Sunlight Chemical energy Heat Heat Ecosystem
Ch. 46 Notes*
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Ch 46 Sexual Zygote ? fertilized egg Gamete- sex cell Egg Sperm Asexual Most animals do sexy only, but some do asex or both Mechanisms of Asex reproduction Invertebrates Fission-separation of a parent organisms into 2 individuals of equal size Sea anemone Budding- new individuals come from outgrowth of existing ones Corals Fragmentation and regeneration Sponges, cnidarians Parthenogenesis-asex where egg develops without being fertilized Bees, wasps, ants Haploid ? no meiosis occurred, no fertilization occurred, becomes adult that makes either egg or sperm. ? mainly male in honeybee and some ant populations Diploid- develop from fertilized eggs, becomes adult- worker ant or bees
AP Biology slides 45-47
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Endocrine System Chapter 45 Overview: The Body?s Long-Distance Regulators Animal hormones are chemical signals that are secreted into the circulatory system and communicate regulatory messages within the body Hormones reach all parts of the body, but only target cells are equipped to respond Send chemicals around the body Specific to target cells 2 LE 45-2a Target effectors Response Simple endocrine pathway Glycogen breakdown, glucose release into blood Liver Blood vessel Pancreas secretes glucagon ( ) Endocrine cell Low blood glucose Receptor protein Stimulus Pathway Example Released compounds will elicit a response Ex: pancreas releasing glucagon with low blood sugar 3 LE 45-2b Target effectors Response Simple neurohormone pathway Stimulus Pathway Example Suckling Milk release
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