AP World History Chapter 39 Flashcards
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| 6249708944 | Pacific Rim | Region including Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan; typified by rapid growth rates, expanding exports, and industrializtion; either Chinese or strongly influenced by Confucian values; considerable reliance on government planning and direction, limitations on dissent and instability. | 0 | |
| 6249708945 | Taiwan | Island off Chinese mainland; became refuge for nationalist chinese regime under Chiang Kai-Shek as Republic of China in 1948; successfully retained independance with aid of United States; rapidly industrialized after 1950s. | 1 | |
| 6249708946 | Chiang Kai-Shek | Guomindang government figure who was exiled to the island of taiwan; Gained independance for the island naion with help of United States. | 2 | |
| 6249708947 | Occupation of Japan | After the defeat of Japan in World War II, the United States led the Allies in the occupation and rehabilitation of the Japanese state. Between 1945 and 1952, the U.S. occupying forces, led by General Douglas A. MacArthur, enacted widespread military, political, economic, and social reforms. | 3 | |
| 6249708948 | Douglas MacArthur | An American general who commanded the Southwest Pacific in World War II (1939-1945), oversaw the successful Allied occupation of postwar Japan and led United Nations forces in the Korean War (1950-1953). | 4 | |
| 6249708949 | Liberal Democratic Party | Monopolized Japanese government from its formation in 1955 into the 1990s; largely responsible for the economic reconstruction of Japan. | 5 | |
| 6249708950 | Kim Il-Sung | The supreme leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), commonly referred to as North Korea, for 46 years, from its establishment in 1948 until his death in 1994.[2] He held the posts of Prime Minister from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to 1994. He was also the leader of the Workers' Party of Korea from 1949 to 1994 (titled as chairman from 1949 to 1966 and as general secretary after 1966). Coming to power after the overthrow of Japanese rule in 1945, he authorized the invasion of South Korea in 1950,[3] triggering a defense of South Korea by the United Nations led by the United States. | 6 | |
| 6249708951 | Syngman Rhee | A South Korean statesman, the first president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, and the first President of the Republic of Korea. | 7 | |
| 6249708952 | Korean War | Fought from 1950 to 1953; North supported by USSR and later People's Republic of China; South supported by United States and small international United Nations force; ended in stalemate and continued division of Korea. | 8 | |
| 6249708953 | Hong Kong | British colon on Chinese mainland; major commercial center; agreement reached between Britain and People's Republic of China returned colony to China in 1997. | 9 | |
| 6249708954 | Republic of China | A government on the island of Taiwan established in 1949 by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainland China by the Communists led by Mao Zedong. | 10 | |
| 6249708955 | Chiang Ching-kuo | Son and successor of Chiang Kai-Shek as ruler of Taiwanese government in 1978; continued authoritarian government; attempted to lessen gap between followers of his father and indigenous islanders. | 11 | |
| 6249708956 | Singapore | An independent republic comprising this island and a few adjacent islets: member of the Commonwealth of Nations; formerly a British crown colony (1946-59) and member of the federation of Malaysia (1963-65). | 12 | |
| 6249708957 | Lee Kuan Yew | Ruler of Singapore from independence in 1959 through three decades; established tightly controlled authoritarian government; ruled through people's Action party to suppress political diversity. | 13 | |
| 6249708958 | "Little Tigers" | The highly developed economies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan. These regions were the first newly industrialized countries. | 14 | |
| 6249708959 | Mao Zedong | Chinese Communist leader and theorist. A founder of the Chinese Communist Party (1921), he commanded troops in the Chinese Civil War (1927-1949) and proclaimed the People's Republic of China in 1949. | 15 | |
| 6249708960 | People's Republic of China | China as we know it today. | 16 | |
| 6249708961 | Party cadres | A group of trained or otherwise qualified personnel capable of forming, training, or leading an expanded organization, as a religious or political faction, or a skilled work force. | 17 | |
| 6249708962 | People's Liberation Army | Unified organization of China's land, sea, and air forces. It is one of the largest military forces in the world. Traces its roots to the 1927 Nanchang Uprising of the communists against the Nationalists. | 18 | |
| 6249708963 | Mass line | Economic policy of Mao Zedong; led to formation of agricultural cooperatives in 1955; cooperatives became farming collectives in 1956. | 19 | |
| 6249708964 | "Hundred Flowers" campaign | Movement begun in May 1956 within the communist government of China to lift the restrictions imposed upon Chinese intellectuals and thus grant greater freedom of thought and speech. | 20 | |
| 6249708965 | Great Leap Forward | Economic Policy of Mao Zedong introduced in 1958; proposed industrialization of small-scale projects integrated into pleasant communes; led to economic disaster; ended in 1960. | 21 | |
| 6249708966 | Zhou Enlai | After Mao Zedong, the most important leader of the Communist party in China from the 1930s until his death in 1976; premier of China from 1954; notable as perhaps the most cosmapolitain and moderate of the inner circle of Communist leaders. | 22 | |
| 6249708967 | Deng Xiaoping | One of the more pragmatic, least ideological of the major Communist leaders of China; joined the party as a young man in the 1920s, survived the legendary Long March and persecution during the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s, and emerged as China;s most influential leader in the early 1980s. | 23 | |
| 6249708968 | Jiang Qing | Wife of Mao Zedong; one of Gang of Four; opposed pragmatists and supported cultural revolution of 1965; arrested and imprisoned for life in 1976. | 24 | |
| 6249708969 | Madame Chiang Kai-Shek | A Chinese political figure who was First Lady of the Republic of China (ROC), the wife of Generalissimo and President Chiang Kai-shek. | 25 | |
| 6249708970 | Cultural Revolution | Movement initiated in 1965 by Mao Zedong to restore his dominance over pragmatists; used mobs to ridicule Mao's political allies to discredit Mao's political enemies. | 26 | |
| 6249708971 | Red Guard | Student brigades utilized by Mao Zedong and his political allies during the Cultural Revolution to discredit Mao's political enemies. | 27 | |
| 6249708972 | Gang of Four | Jiang Qing and four political allies who attempted to seize control of Communist government in China from the pragmatists; arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1976 following Mao Zedong's death. | 28 | |
| 6249708973 | Ho Chi Minh | Also known as Nguyen Ai Quoc among other aliases; led Vietnamese Communist party in struggle for liberation from French and U.S. dominance and to unify north and south Vietnam. | 29 | |
| 6249708974 | Viet Minh | Communist-dominated vietnamese nationalist movement; operated out of base in southern China during WWII; employed guerrilla tactics similar to the Maoist in China. | 30 | |
| 6249708975 | Dien Bien Phu | Most significant victory of the Viet Minh over French colonial forces in 1954; gave the Viet Minh control of northern Vietnam. | 31 | |
| 6249708976 | Ngo Dinh Diem | Political leader of South Vietnam; established as president with united states support in the 1950s; opposed Communist government of North Vietnam; overnthrown by military coup approved by United States. | 32 | |
| 6249708977 | Viet Cong | Name given by Diem regime to communist guerrilla movement in southern Vietnam; reorganized with northern Vietnamese assistance as the National Liberation Front in 1958. | 33 |
AP World History Flashcards
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| 4087814730 | began in early 1700. Philosophy of economic system that favors private ownership. Industrial production occurred at such a dramatic rate—machines require massive amounts of raw materials and produce huge quantities of products—that access to foreign resources and markets was a necessity for industrial growth. Factories require large investments of money (capital), so a thriving bourgeois class with wealth to invest was a basis for industrialization. The hereditary wealth of the aristocracy was less relevant. In fact, societies without a solid bourgeoisie had to rely on foreign investment to industrialize. Banks were well established, and they provided loans for businessmen to invest in new machinery and expand their operations. | 0 | ||
| 4087818811 | Centralized production and included complicated machinery for large-scale production; employed the use of a division of labor to improve productivity; strict work discipline and closely supervised employees; extremely unsafe conditions; long working hours. New technique developed for organizing steps of manufacturing of machines. Allowed for installment of machines to be together where they could all be powered by the same socialize- improves efficiency. Individual craftsman replaced by a mass scale production by machines. These had terrible conditions b/c of the competition between capitalists to lower class and maximize productivity | 1 | ||
| 4087822425 | Markets dominated by products and services designed for the general consume | 2 | ||
| 4087824801 | Areas which have undergone the revolution of industrialization | 3 | ||
| 4087827209 | United fruit company, HSBC, Zaibatsu- japanese word for conglomerate | 4 | ||
| 4087830181 | Utopian socialism - socialism based on a belief that social ownership of the means of production can be achieved by voluntary and peaceful surrender of their holdings by propertied groups • Marxism - branch of socialism; Karl Marx "historical materialism" • Anarchism - abolish all private property and governments (by violence) and replace them with free associations of groups | 5 | ||
| 4087832299 | specific social attributes and forms of political and cultural organization that were prevalent before the advent of Industrialization. Pre-Industrial Society were societies that existed before the Industrial Revolution. They shared many common characteristics such as being an agriculturally based economy, small populations, limited production and division of labor. Two large examples of this are Hunting and Gathering societies as well as Feudalism. This occurred during this time period because it was before the hasty spread of new technology that allowed faster growing populations and a greater economy | 6 | ||
| 4087834690 | The social order. In social and political theory, the notion of the bourgeoisie was largely a construct of Karl Marx. The term bourgeoisie arose in medieval France, where it denoted and inhabited of a walled town. In Marxist theory, the bourgeoisie plays a heroic role by revolutionizing industry and modernizing society. The term nearly disappeared by the mid-20th century | 7 | ||
| 4087836442 | people who had no wealth other than their children | 8 | ||
| 4087839532 | change an idol culture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a profound effect on the social, economic and cultural conditions of the times. | 9 | ||
| 4087841055 | Development of new methods, of producing steel, chemicals, electricity, and machinery in industrialized states. Continued to change the economy and technologies available. Modern industry began to exploit many natural and synthetic resources. Products such as plastic, as well as new energy sources. Developments in machines tools and computers gave the rise to auto mechanic factory. Through purchase of common stocks by individuals and by institutions such as insurance companies gave way to a wider distribution of ownership. In the first half of the 20th century, many countries of Europe socialized basic sectors of their economies. There was also during that period a change in political theories: instead of the laissez-faire ideas that dominated the economy and social thought of classical Industrial Revolution, governments generally moods into the social and economic realm to meet their needs of their more complex industrial societies. | 10 | ||
| 4087843830 | feminist , civil servant, political economist, British philosopher, and social reformer who helped around liberalism by promoting the freedom of individual to pursue economic & intellectual interests. Ex: advocated universal suffrage. Influential contributor to social theory, political theory, and political economy,. Overall aim: A positive view of the universe and the pick of numbers in it, one of which contributes to the progress of human knowledge, individual freedom & human well-being | 11 | ||
| 4087846904 | philosophy committed to the ideal of limited government, constitutional, rule of law due process, and liberty of individuals including freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and free markets. | 12 | ||
| 4087848402 | It is a financial system where gold is the unit of value. This means every paper dollar was equal to the value of a gold dollar during that time. The gold standard was an effort to standardize currency in the world trade markets. It devalued silver, and brought an increased desire for gold. Many of the world's nations made the switch to the Gold Standard in the late 19th century, however many could not afford this system. The system was very unstable because it was subjected to the inflation and deflation of the world's markets. If the nation's major bank was not in a good spot, neither was the country. In the United States, it lengthened the Great Depression and was a cause of the widespread panic and failure of the banks. In order to lessen this, Franklin D Roosevelt cut ties with this system in 1933, and caused the fall of the Gold Standard. | 13 | ||
| 4087850787 | flexible form of enterprise that blends elements of partnership and corporate structures | 14 | ||
| 4087852249 | American corporation that traded in tropical fruit (mainly bananas), grown on Central and south American plantations. Had an impact on the economical and political development of countries. It sold in the United States and Europe. It controlled vast territories and communication networks in Central America. The UFC competed with the Standard Fruit Company for dominance in trade. After a certain time it came to be known as United Brands Company | 15 | ||
| 4087855414 | A prominent bank established and based in Hong Kong | 16 | ||
| 4087858779 | Pre Industrial Society were societies that existed before the Industrial Revolution. They shared many common characteristics such as being an agriculturally based economy, small populations, limited production and division of labor. Two large examples of this are Hunting and Gathering societies as well as Feudalism. This occurred during this time period because it was before the hasty spread of new technology that allowed faster growing populations and a greater economy | 17 | ||
| 4087861534 | Economic and social system based on theories of Kan Marx & Friedrich Engels this system was of socialism, in when prominent feature is public ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange. Marxis- based on atheord that class struggle is the main element in the analysis of social change in societies. Important b/c a view in which changes in a society can be seen as normal & progressive. Also gare view of relations between. Social groups, institutions, doctrines, and beliefs | 18 | ||
| 4087864622 | Many Eastern European revolutionaries were anarchists. Subsequently they opposed all forms of government and believed that individual freedom could not be realized until all government is abolished. Some anarchists relied on terror tactics and assassination to achieve their goals. These anarchists wanted to vest all authority in local governing councils elected by universal suffrage | 19 | ||
| 4087868233 | "Pure" the ruler of china until the early 20th century was Manchus. Ruling elites were schooled in Chinese language and Confucian thought. The Manchus were careful to preserve their own ethnic and cultural identity. They outlawed intermarriage between Manchus and Chinese and forbade Chinese from learning Manchuria's ways. Confucian values were applied to policies.Ex: irrigation projects, patronized Confucian schools and academies, and promote agriculture. The height of the Qing dynasty was Qianlong rule he cancelled all tax collections. | 20 | ||
| 4087869873 | The time period that the Romanov dynasty ruled Russia. Tightly centralized government; absolute monarchy; tsars included Peter I, Catherine II, and Ivan IV; a large police system reported suspicious behavior and carried out the will of the tsar; Russia under the tsars became a vast empire that extended to Siberia and central Asia; Orthodox Church was headed by the Tsar who claimed to be appointed by God; the state was transformed on the model of western European lands: a large army was created with extensive training and modern weapons and a navy was established; worked to improve the conditions of Russia's oppressed peasants and serfs; the power of boyars (nobles) was greatly restricted | 21 | ||
| 4087875946 | a movement. Period of institutional reforms initiated during the late Qing Dynasty following a series of military defeats and concessions to foreign powers | 22 | ||
| 4087877564 | Became pasha (ruler) of Egypt. He had his own imperial ambitions. Conquered new lands for Egypt and the Ottoman's. Subordinate to the Ottoman Sultan but basically ruled Egypt independently. Muhammad Ali modernized education, ordering the translation of European books on a large scale, vaccinated children against smallpox and offered them medical care, conducted censuses, and undertook huge public works projects that established cotton as a key Egyptian cash crop. He rebuilt an ancient canal that linked Alexandria with the Nile River, and under his reign, the total length of Egypt's irrigation channels more than doubled. Considered the founder of modern Egypt. | 23 | ||
| 4090376602 | Adam Smith was an economist and philosopher who wrote what is considered the "bible of capitalism," The Wealth of Nations, in which he details the first system of political economy. Smith's ideas are a reflection on economics in light of the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, and he states that free-market economies are the most productive and beneficial to their societies. | 24 | ||
| 4090386054 | As a manure, guano is a highly effective fertilizer. Guano, accumulated excrement and remains of birds, bats, and seals, valued as fertilizer. Bird guano comes mainly from islands off the coasts of Peru. | 25 |
AP World History Vocab Flashcards
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| 4370067505 | Triple Alliance | secret agreement between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed on May 20, 1882 and renewed periodically until WWI. Germany and Austria-Hungary have been closely allied since 1879. Treaty says that Germany and Austria-Hungary would assist Italy if it were attacked by France. (period: World War I) | 0 | |
| 4370067506 | Central Powers | coalition that consisted primarily of the German Empire and Austria-Hungar, the "central" European States that were at war from August 1914 against France and Britain (West) and Russia (East). Ottoman Empire (Oct 29, 1914) and Bulgaria (Oct 14, 1915) entered allied with the Central Powers (period: World War I) | 1 | |
| 4370067507 | Schlieffen Plan | created by General Count Alfred von Schlieffen in December 1905; operational plan for a designated attack on France once Russia had started to mobilize her forces near the German border; execution of the plan led to Britain declaring war on Germany on August 4th, 1914 (period: World War I) | 2 | |
| 4370067508 | isolationism | a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups; american (1930s): combination of Great Depression and tragic losses in WWI contributed to the American public opinion and policy toward isolationism: non-involvement in European and Asian conflicts (period: World War II) | 3 | |
| 4370069631 | Zimmerman telegram (Zimmermann Note) | an internal diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January, 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico in the event of the US entering WWI against Germany; British deciphered the note (period: World War I) | 4 | |
| 4370069632 | Fourteen Points | a statement of principles for world peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end WWI. The principles were outlined in a Jan 8, 1918 speech on war aims and peace terms to the US Congress by Pr. Woodrow Wilson (period: World War I) | 5 | |
| 4370069633 | League of Nations | An intergovernmental organization founded on Jan 10, 1920 as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended WWI. It was the first international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace; collective security (period: World War I) | 6 | |
| 4370071693 | April Theses | series of ten directives issued by the Bolshevik leader, Vladimir Lenin upon his return to Petrograd from his exile in Switzerland via Germany and Finland; slogan: "All power to the soviets", called for new communist policies (period: | 7 | |
| 4370071694 | Red Army | army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic after 1922 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR); established immediately after 1917 Oct. Revolution; credited as being the decisive land force in the Allied victory in WWII. (period: | 8 | |
| 4370071695 | New Economic Policy (NEP) | economic policy of Soviet Russia proposed by Vladimir Lenin, who called it "state capitalism"; a more capitalism-oriented economic policy, deemed necessary after the Russian Civil War of 1917 to 1922, to foster the economy of the country, which was almost ruined | 9 | |
| 4370073652 | Five Year Plans | of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a list of economic goals, created by General Secretary Joseph Stalin and based on his policy of Socialism in One Country. It was implemented between 1928 and 1932 | 10 | |
| 4370073653 | collectivization | a policy of forced consolidation of individual peasant households into collective farms called "kolkhozes" as carried out by the Soviet gov't in the late 1920s - early 1930s | 11 | |
| 4370073654 | Great Depression | (1929-39) was the deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world. In the US, the Great Depression began soon after the stock market crash of Oct. 1929, which sent Wall Street into a panic and wiped out millions of investors | 12 | |
| 4370073655 | fascism | is a form of radical authoritarian nationalism that came to prominence in early 20th century Europe, influenced by national syndicalism. Fascism originated in Italy during WWI and spread to other European countries. Opposes liberalism, Marxism, and anarchism. | 13 | |
| 4370075188 | totalitarianism | a political system where the state recognizes no limits to its authority and strives to regulate every aspect of public and private life wherever feasible; first developed in the 1920s by the Weimar German jurist, and later Carl Schmitt and Italian fascists | 14 | |
| 4370075189 | Black Shirts | MVSN or squadristi; originally the paramilitary wing of the National Fascist Party and, after 1923, an all-volunteer militia of the Kingdom of Italy; used violence and intimidation; in 1943, MVSN was integrated into the Italian armed forces | 15 | |
| 4370075190 | Reichstag | (Diet of the Realm, Imperial Diet) Parliament of Germany from 1871 to 1918. Legislation was shared between the Reichstag and the Bundesrat (Imperial Council of the reigning princes of the German States) | 16 | |
| 4370077070 | nationalism | a shared group feeling in the significance of a geographical and demographic region seeking independence for its culture and/or ethnicity that holds that group together; national identity | 17 | |
| 4370077071 | appeasement | a diplomatic policy of making political or material concessions to an enemy power in order to avoid conflict; term most often applied to the foreign policy of the British Prime Ministers Ramsey Macdonald, Stanley Baldwin, and Neville Chamberlain towards Nazi Germany between 1935 and 1939; Munich Pact (Sept. 30, 1938) | 18 | |
| 4370077072 | Manhattan Project | a research and development project that produced the first nuclear weapons during WWII; led by US with support of the UK and Canada; From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the US Army Corps of Engineers; physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer was the director the LOS Alamos National Laboratory that designed the actual bombs. | 19 | |
| 4370079082 | the Holocaust | "Shoah"; genocide in which Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany and its collaborators killed about 6 million Jews. Other victims of Nazi crimes included Poles, Soviet citizens, and Soviet POWs, other Slavs, Romanis, communists, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses, and the mentally and physically disabled. | 20 | |
| 4370079083 | genocide | intentional action to systematically eliminate an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group | 21 | |
| 4370079084 | Marshall Plan | European Recovery Program (ERP), an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the US gave $13 billion in economic support to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of WWiI. | 22 | |
| 4370079085 | Cold War | a state of political and military tension after WWII between powers in the Western Bloc (the US, NATO allies and others) and powers in the Eastern Bloc (Soviet Union and its allies in the Warsaw Pact) | 23 | |
| 4370079086 | Spheres of Influence | (SOI) a spatial region or concept division over which a state or organization has a level of cultural, economic, military, or political exclusivity, accommodating to the interests of powers outside the borders of the state that controls it | 24 | |
| 4370080954 | Soviet bloc | "Eastern Bloc" name used by countries affiliated with the former communist states of Central and Eastern Europe, generally the Soviet Union and the countries of the Warsaw Pact | 25 | |
| 4370080955 | Western bloc | "Capitalist Bloc" during the Cold War refers to the countries allied with the US and NATO against the Soviet Union and its allies | 26 | |
| 4370080956 | NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization; North Atlantic Alliance, an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on April 4,1949 | 27 | |
| 4370080957 | Iron Curtain | formed the imaginary boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of WWII in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991; term symbolized efforts by the Soviet Union to block itself and its satellite states from open contact with the West and non-Soviet-controlled areas; on thee east side of the Iron Curtain were the countries that were connected to or influenced by the Soviet Union. | 28 | |
| 4370083661 | Three Principles of the People | San-Min Doctrine, Tridemism; a political philosophy developed by Sun Yat-sen as part of a philosophy to make China free, propserous, and powerful nation; summarized as nationalism, democracy, and livelihood of the people | 29 | |
| 4370083662 | Westernization | societies come under or adopt Western culture in areas such as industry, technology, law, politics, economics, lifestyle, diet, clothing, language, alphabet, religion, philosophy, values | 30 | |
| 4370083663 | guerrilla warfare | form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight al arguer and less mobile traditional military | 31 | |
| 4370083664 | Platt Amendment | On March 2, 1901, the Platt Amendment was passed as part of the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill; stipulated 7 conditions for the withdrawal of US troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish-American War, and; defined the terms of Cuban-US relations to essentially be an unequal one of US dominance over Cuba | 32 | |
| 4370086254 | "Good Neighbor" | foreign policy of the administration of US President Franklin Roosevelt towards Latin America; main principle was that of non-invrvention and non-interference in the domestic affairs of Latin America; Roosevelt administration expected the new policy to create new economic opportunities in the form of reciprocal trade agreements and reassert the influence of the US in Latin America; however, many Latin America gov'ts were not convinced | 33 | |
| 4370086255 | export economy | trading nation (aka trade-dependent economy) a country where international trade makes up a large percentage of its economy | 34 | |
| 4370086256 | glasnost | "publicity" state of being open to public knowledge; associated with reforms of the judicial system, ensuring that the press and public could attend court hearings and that the sentence was read in public; revived and made popular again in the 1980s by Mikhail Gorbachev as a slogan for increased gov't transparency | 35 | |
| 4370086257 | perestroika | a political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s, widely associated with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (openness) policy reform | 36 | |
| 4370087898 | ethnic cleansing | systematic forced removal of ethnic or religious groups from a given territory by a more powerful ethnic group, with the intent of making it ethnically homogeneous | 37 | |
| 4370087899 | passive resistance | nonviolent resistance, practice of achieving goals such as social change through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods without using violence (ex. Mahatma Gandhi) | 38 | |
| 4370087900 | NGOs | non governmental organization, organization that is neither a part of a gov't nor a convention for-profit business; may be funded by gov't, foundation, schools, businesses, or private people | 39 | |
| 4370087901 | apartheid | word meaning "separateness"; "state of being apart" a system of racial segregation in South Africa enforced through legislation by the National Party, the governing party form 1948-1994); rights, associations, and movements of the majority of black inhabitants and other ethnic groups were curtailed, white minority rule; developed after WWII by the National Party and Broederbond organizations | 40 | |
| 4370089407 | pogroms | a violent riot aimed at massacre or persecution of an ethnic or religious group, particularly one aimed at Jews | 41 | |
| 4370089408 | OPEC | Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries; intergovernmental organization of 13 nations, founded in 1960 by the first five members, and headquartered since 1965 in Vienna, Austria. | 42 | |
| 4370089409 | special economic zones | (SEZ) commonly used as a generic term to refer to only modern economic zone. In these zones business and trades laws differ from the rest of the country. | 43 | |
| 4370092138 | Archduke Franz Ferdinand | (Dec. 18, 1863- June 28, 1914) an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian, and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia and, from 1896 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne; assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia | 44 | |
| 4370092139 | Gavrilo Princip | Bosnian who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife, Sophie ,Duchess of Hohenberg, in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914. | 45 | |
| 4370094178 | Treaty of Versailles (1919) | one of the peace treaties at the end of WWI; ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers; signed on June 28, 1919. The treaty was registered by the Secretariat of the League of Nations on Oct. 21, 1919 | 46 | |
| 4370094179 | Russian Revolution | collective term for a pair of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the eventual rise of the Soviet Union. The Russian Empire collapsed with the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II, and the old regime was replaced by a provisional gov't during the first revolution of Feb. 1917. In the second revolution that Oct, the Provisional Gov't was removed and replaced with a Bolshevik (Communist) gov't | 47 | |
| 4370094180 | Czar Nicholas II (Nicholas the Bloody) | last tsar of Russia, ruling from Nov 1, 1894 until his forced abdication on March 15, 1917. His reign saw the fall of Imperial Russia from being one of the foremost great powers of the world to economic and military collapse. | 48 | |
| 4370096578 | Alexander Kerensky | (May 4, 1881-June 11, 1970), Russian lawyer and politician who served as the second Minister-Chairman of the Russian Provisional Gov't between July and Nov. 1917. Leader of the moderate-socialist Trudoviks faction of the Socialist Revolutionary Party; key political figure in the Russian Revolution of 1917. Gov't was overthrown by Vladimir Lenin (on Nov. 7) in the October Revolution. | 49 | |
| 4370096579 | Bolsheviks | a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903. The RSDLP was a revolutionary socialist political party formed in 1898 in Minsk to unite the various revolutionary organizations of the Russian Empire into one party | 50 | |
| 4370096580 | Vladimir Lenin | (April 22, 1870- Jan 21, 1924) was a Russian communist revolutionary, political, and political theorist. He served as head of gov't of the Russian Republic from 1917 to 1918, of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918-1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922-1924. Under his administration, Russia and the Soviet Union became a one-party communist state. Political theories= Leninism. | 51 | |
| 4370096581 | Treaty of Brest- Litovsk | a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918 between the new Bolshevik gov't of Soviet Russia and the Central Powers that ended Russia' participation in WWI. | 52 | |
| 4370098112 | Soviet Union | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, a socialist state on the Eurasian continent that existed between 1922 and 1991. A union of multiple subnational Soviet republics, its government and economy were highly centralized. One party state governed by the Communist Party; Moscow= capital | 53 | |
| 4370098113 | Leon Trotsky | (Nov 7,1879-August 21, 1940) a Marxist revolutionary and theorist, Soviet politican, and the founding leader of the Red Army | 54 | |
| 4370098114 | Ataturk (Mustafa Kemal) | (May 19, 1881- Nov 10, 1938) a Turkish army officer, revolutionary, first president of Turkey, credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey; military officer during WWI | 55 | |
| 4370098115 | Joseph Stalin | (Dec. 18, 1878- March 5,1953) was the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953. Holding the post of the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, he was effectively the dictator of the state | 56 | |
| 4370099809 | Franklin Roosevelt | (Jan 30, 1882- April 12, 1945) FDR, an American statesman and political leader who served as the President of the US from 1933 to 1945. A Democrat, he won a record four presidential elections and dominated his party for many years as a central figure in world events during the mid-20 century, leading the US during a time of worldwide economic depression and total war; program for relief: New Deal | 57 | |
| 4370099810 | Benito Mussolini | (July 29, 1883- April 28, 1945) an Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party, ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 until he was ousted in 1943; ruled constitutionally until 1925, when dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship | 58 | |
| 4370101936 | Weimar Republic | an unofficial designation for German state between 1919 and 1933. Name derives from the city of Weimar where its constitutional assembly first took plate. Official name of state: German Reich; semi-presidential representative democracy and emerged in the aftermath of the German Revolution of 1918-19 | 59 | |
| 4370103610 | National Socialist Party (Nazis) | a political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that practices Nazism. Its predecessor the German Workers' Party, existed from 1919 to 1920; (Nazi Germany= Third Reich) | 60 | |
| 4370103611 | Adolf Hitler | (April 20, 1889- April 30 1945); was a German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945. Dictator of Nazi Germany, initiated WWII in Europe with the invasion of Poland in Sept 1939; central figure of the Holocaust | 61 | |
| 4370103613 | Francisco Franco | (Dec. 4, 1892- Nov. 20, 1975), a Spanish general and the Caudillo of Spain from 1939 until his | 62 | |
| 4370103655 | Rhineland | loosely defined area of Western Germany along the Rhine River | 63 | |
| 4370106736 | Munich Conference (1938) | settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers, for which a new territorial designation "Sudetenland" was coined. | 64 | |
| 4370106737 | Neville Chamberlain | 65 | ||
| 4370106738 | Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939) | 66 | ||
| 4370108436 | Manchukuo | 67 | ||
| 4370108437 | Anti-Comintern Pact | 68 | ||
| 4370108438 | Winston Churchill | 69 | ||
| 4370110082 | Battle of Britain | 70 | ||
| 4370110083 | Tripartite Pact | 71 | ||
| 4370110084 | Pearl Harbor | 72 | ||
| 4370110085 | D-Day | 73 | ||
| 4370111778 | Harry Truman | 74 | ||
| 4370111779 | Hiroshima and Nagasaki | 75 | ||
| 4370111813 | Berlin Blockade | 76 | ||
| 4370113792 | Berlin Airlift | 77 | ||
| 4370113793 | Yalta and Potsdam | 78 | ||
| 4370115713 | Warsaw Pact | 79 | ||
| 4370118626 | Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (1968) | 80 | ||
| 4370118627 | International Atomic Energy Agency (1957) | 81 | ||
| 4370120192 | Chiang Kai-shek | 82 | ||
| 4370120193 | Mao Zedong | 83 | ||
| 4370122245 | People's Republic of China | 84 | ||
| 4370122246 | Cultural Revolution | 85 | ||
| 4370125383 | Tiananmen Square massacre | 86 | ||
| 4370125384 | Ho Chi Minh | 87 | ||
| 4370125385 | Ngo Dihn Diem | 88 | ||
| 4370127121 | Fidel Castro | 89 | ||
| 4370127122 | Cuban Revolution | 90 | ||
| 4370127123 | Bay of Pigs Invasion | 91 | ||
| 4370129783 | Cuban Missile Crisis | 92 | ||
| 4370129784 | National Action Party (PAN) | 93 | ||
| 4370129785 | Mikhail Gorbachev | 94 | ||
| 4370131716 | Boris Yeltsin | 95 | ||
| 4370131717 | Muslim League | 96 | ||
| 4370131718 | Amritsar massacre | 97 | ||
| 4370131719 | Gandhi | 98 | ||
| 4370133282 | Muhammad Ali Jinnah | 99 | ||
| 4370133283 | Gamal Nasser | 100 | ||
| 4370133284 | Tutsi and Hutu | 101 | ||
| 4370133285 | Nelson Mandela | 102 | ||
| 4370134953 | Sharpeville massacre | 103 | ||
| 4370134954 | Zionists | 104 | ||
| 4370136681 | Declaration of 1917 | 105 | ||
| 4370136682 | Arab- Israeli War (1948) | 106 | ||
| 4370139093 | Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) | 107 | ||
| 4370139094 | Yassir Arafat | 108 | ||
| 4370139095 | Ariel Sharon | 109 | ||
| 4370139096 | Iranian Revolution | 110 | ||
| 4370141090 | Ayatollah Khomeini | 111 | ||
| 4370141091 | Iran-Iraq War | 112 | ||
| 4370141092 | Persian Gulf War | 113 | ||
| 4370141093 | Saddam Hussein | 114 | ||
| 4370143148 | North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) | 115 | ||
| 4370145426 | Group of Six (G6) | 116 | ||
| 4370147881 | Estates-General | 117 | ||
| 4370147882 | National Assembly | 118 | ||
| 4370149557 | Declaration of the Rights of Man | 119 | ||
| 4370149558 | Jacobins | 120 | ||
| 4370149559 | Napoleonic Code | 121 | ||
| 4370149560 | balance of power | 122 | ||
| 4370149561 | enclosure | 123 | ||
| 4370151825 | urbanization | 124 | ||
| 4370151826 | domestic system | 125 | ||
| 4370151827 | flying shuttle | 126 | ||
| 4370151828 | spinning jenny | 127 | ||
| 4370151829 | cotton gin | 128 | ||
| 4370153645 | steam engine | 129 | ||
| 4370153646 | interchangeable parts | 130 | ||
| 4370153647 | assembly line | 131 | ||
| 4370153648 | free market system (capitalism) | 132 | ||
| 4370155985 | laissez-faire capitalism | 133 | ||
| 4370155986 | socialism | 134 | ||
| 4370155987 | communism | 135 | ||
| 4370155988 | labor unions | 136 | ||
| 4370157354 | social mobility | 137 | ||
| 4370157355 | social Darwinism | 138 | ||
| 4370157356 | "white man's burden" | 139 | ||
| 4370159672 | British East India Company | 140 | ||
| 4370159673 | unequal treaties | 141 | ||
| 4370159674 | spheres of influence | 142 | ||
| 4370159718 | Open Door Policy | 143 | ||
| 4370161868 | Boxers | 144 | ||
| 4370161869 | Russification | 145 | ||
| 4370164346 | French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) | 146 | ||
| 4370164347 | Thomas Paine | 147 | ||
| 4370164348 | Maximilien Robespierre | 148 | ||
| 4370166464 | Napoleon Bonaparte | 149 | ||
| 4370166465 | Waterloo | 150 | ||
| 4370166466 | Congress of Vienna | 151 | ||
| 4370168479 | Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture | 152 | ||
| 4370168480 | Simon Bolivar | 153 | ||
| 4370168481 | Miguel Hidalgo | 154 | ||
| 4370168482 | Treaty of Cordoba | 155 | ||
| 4370171541 | Eli Whitney | 156 | ||
| 4370171542 | Charles Darwin | 157 | ||
| 4370171543 | Adam Smith | 158 | ||
| 4370171544 | Karl Marx | 159 | ||
| 4370171592 | Luddites | 160 | ||
| 4370174768 | Opium War | 161 | ||
| 4370174769 | Treaty of Nanjing | 162 | ||
| 4370174770 | White Lotus Rebellions | 163 | ||
| 4370176603 | Taiping Rebellions | 164 | ||
| 4370176604 | Self-Strengthening Movement | 165 | ||
| 4370176605 | Sino-Japanese War | 166 | ||
| 4370179894 | Chinese Exclusion Act | 167 | ||
| 4370179895 | Commodore Matthew Perry | 168 | ||
| 4370179896 | Meiji Restoration | 169 | ||
| 4370182013 | Boer War | 170 | ||
| 4370182014 | Muhammad Ali | 171 | ||
| 4370182015 | Suez Canal | 172 | ||
| 4370182016 | Victor Emmanuel II | 173 | ||
| 4370184103 | William I, William II | 174 | ||
| 4370184104 | Otto von Bismarck | 175 | ||
| 4370184105 | Franco-Prussian War | 176 | ||
| 4370186336 | Emancipation Edict | 177 | ||
| 4370186337 | Monroe Doctrine | 178 | ||
| 4370186338 | Roosevelt Corollary | 179 | ||
| 4370188310 | Panama Canal | 180 | ||
| 4370190260 | Spanish-American War | 181 |
AP World History Chapter 22 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5916197635 | Adam Schall | Along with Matteo Ricci, Jesuit scholar in court of Ming emperors; skilled scientist; won few converts to Christianity | 0 | |
| 5916197636 | Asian sea trading Network | Divided, from West to East, into three zones prior to the European arrival: an Arab zone based on glass, carpets, and tapestries; an Indian zone, with cotton textiles; and a Chinese zone, with paper, porcelain, and silks. | 1 | |
| 5916197637 | Batavia | Dutch fortress located after 1620 on the island of Java | 2 | |
| 5916197638 | Canton | One of the 2 port cities where Europeans were permitted to trade with China during the Ming Dynasty. | 3 | |
| 5916197639 | Caravel | A small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic. | 4 | |
| 5916197640 | Chongzhen | Last of the Ming emperors; committed suicide in 1644 in the face of a Jurchen capture of the forbidden City at Beijing. | 5 | |
| 5916197641 | Deshima | Island in Nagasaki Bay; only port open to non-Japanese after closure of the islands in the 1640s; only Chinese and Dutch ships were permitted to enter. | 6 | |
| 5916197642 | Dutch trading empire | The Dutch system extending into Asia with fortified towns and factories, warships on patrol, and monopoly control of a limited number of products. | 7 | |
| 5916197643 | Edo | Tokugawa capital city, modern day Tokyo, center of Tokugawa Shogunate | 8 | |
| 5916197644 | Francis Xavier | Early Jesuit missionary often called the Apostle to the Indies. He was an associate of St Ignatius of Loyola, with whom he took the vow founding the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). From 1541 he traveled through India, Japan, and the East Indies, making many converts. | 9 | |
| 5916197646 | Hongwu | First Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name Zhu Yuanzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar-gentry | 10 | |
| 5916197647 | Luzon | Northern island of Philippines; conquered by Spain during the 1560s; site of major Catholic missionary effort. | 11 | |
| 5916197648 | Macao | One of two ports in which Europeans were permitted to trade in China during the Ming dynasty | 12 | |
| 5916197649 | Matteo Ricci | Portuguese Jesuit missionary who went to China, assimilated into Chinese culture and language and ran a Christian mission in China. | 13 | |
| 5916197650 | Mindanao | Southern Island of Philippines; a Muslim kingdom that was able to successfully resist Spanish Conquest. | 14 | |
| 5916197651 | Nobunaga | The first Japanese daimyo to make extensive use of firearms; in 1573 deposed the last Ashikaga shogun; unified much of central Honshu; died in 1582. | 15 | |
| 5916197652 | Ormuz | Portuguese factory or fortified trade town located at southern end of Persian Gulf; site for forcible entry into Asian sea trade network. | 16 | |
| 5916197653 | Robert de Nobili | Jesuit missionary to India who dressed in the robes of Brahmin priests and used Indian language and customs to convert Hindus | 17 | |
| 5916197655 | Toyotomi Hideyoshi | General under Nobanga; suceeded as leading military power in Japan; continued efforts to break power of daimyos; constucted a series of military alliances that made him the military master of Japan in 1590; died in 1598. | 18 |
AP World History Chapter 18 Flashcards
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| 5915393740 | Catherine the Great | ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796, added new lands to Russia, encouraged science, art, lierature, Russia became one of Europe's most powerful nations | 0 | |
| 5915393741 | Copernicus | 1473-1543. Polish astronomer who was the first to formulate a scientifically based heliocentric cosmology that displaced the earth from the center of the universe. This theory is considered the epiphany that began the Scientific Revolution. | 1 | |
| 5915393742 | Third Rome | Russian claim to be successor state to Roman and Byzantine empires; based in part on continuity of Orthodox church in Russia following fall of Constantinople in 1453. | 2 | |
| 5915397211 | Partitions of Poland | Poland divided between Russia, Austria, and Prussia; changed the balance of Europe as a whole; Russia, Austria, and Prussia progressed passed France | 3 | |
| 5915397212 | Peter the Great | (1672-1725) Russian tsar (r. 1689-1725). He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St. Petersburg. | 4 | |
| 5915399767 | Pugachev Rebellion | Eugene Pugachev, a Cossack soldier, led a huge serf uprising-demanded end to serfdom, taxes and army service; landlords and officials murdered all over southwestern Russia; eventually captured and executed | 5 | |
| 5915399768 | Time of Troubles | 1604-1613, During which the Russian nobles elected series of tsars a tried to demand their liberties. Contending factions and civil war. Finally in 1613 national assembly elected a 17 year old boy as tsar - start of Romanov dynasty. | 6 | |
| 5915419805 | Ivan IV | the Terrible, beat the Mongols, Tartars, and the Poles, forced nobles into service, first ruler to take the title tsar | 7 | |
| 5915419806 | Alexis Romanov | 2nd ruler of the dynasty; abolished assemblies of nobles; gained new powers over the Orthodox church. | 8 | |
| 5915419807 | Radishev | Boyar inspired by Enlighment, created peasant rebellions | 9 | |
| 5915419808 | Ivan III | "Ivan the Great"; ruled as great prince and first ruler of the independent state called Russia | 10 | |
| 5915422044 | Serfdom | A type of labor commonly used in feudal systems in which the laborers work the land in return for protection but they are bound to the land and are not allowed to leave or to peruse their a new occupation. This was common in early Medeival Europe as well as in Russia until the mid 19th century. | 11 | |
| 5915422045 | Rurik Dynasty | First dynasty of Russia, ended with the deaths of Ivan IV and his sons and led into the Time of Troubles. 1462-1612. | 12 | |
| 5915422046 | Obruk | labor obligations of Russian peasants owed either to their landlords or to the state; part of the increased burdens placed on the peasantry during the 18th century. | 13 | |
| 5915422047 | St. Petersburg | The major city in Russia along with Moscow | 14 | |
| 5915424010 | Cossacks | Peoples of the Russian Empire who lived outside the farming villages, often as herders, mercenaries, or outlaws. Cossacks led the conquest of Siberia in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. | 15 | |
| 5915424011 | Old Believers | Russians who refused to accept the ecclesiastical reforms of Alexis Romanov (17th century); many exiled to Siberia or southern Russia, where they became part of Russian colonization. | 16 | |
| 5915424012 | Boyars | Russian landholding aristocrats; possessed less political power than their western European counterparts | 17 | |
| 5915424013 | Peter III | Silly and childish ruler in Russia who liked to play with toy soldiers. Catherine the great was marries to him, but she decided she would be a better leader so she had her lover who was a guard tell him to leave. A few days later he was killed | 18 | |
| 5915426082 | Kremlin | Citadel of Moscow, housing the offices of the Russian government | 19 | |
| 5915426083 | Instruction of 1767 | document prepared by Empress Catherine II that recommended liberal, humanitarian political theories for use as the basis of government reform and the formulation of a new legal code. | 20 | |
| 5915426084 | Westernization | adoption of western ideas, technology, and culture | 21 | |
| 5915426085 | Romanov Dynasty | Dynasty that favored the nobles, reduced military obligations, expanded the Russian empire further east, and fought several unsuccessful wars, yet they lasted from 1613 to 1917. | 22 | |
| 5915428214 | Alexis de Tocqueville | French political writer noted for his analysis of American institutions (1805-1859) | 23 | |
| 5915428215 | Chancery of the Secret Police | Monitored the bureaucracy under Peter the Great | 24 |
AP World History Midterm Review Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5751581934 | Nomadic lifestyle compared to sedentary along with benefits of each: | Advantages-supply of food, language, technology, writing Disadvantages- disease, food-limited nutrition, conflicts, gender role change, social stratification, specialization, | 0 | |
| 5751587218 | Tigris and Euphrates | cuneiform, clay tablets/stylus, irrigation systems and canals (unpredictable), city-states, Fertile Crescent Mesopotamia, Sumerians, plow, wheel, brick, writing, ziggurats, Hammarabi/law code | 1 | |
| 5755652875 | Nile River Valley Civilization | hieroglyphics, "Egypt is the gift of the Nile"-Herdotus, predictable flooding, efficient agriculture, irrigation/canals, wheat, barley, papyrus, calendar, isolated due to geography (cataracts), learned about wheel and bronze from Hyksos invasions | 2 | |
| 5755666712 | Indus River Valley | Mohenjo Daro, Harrapa, complex sewage systems, grid systems, lapis, Dravidians were riven out by the Aryans | 3 | |
| 5755670529 | Hwang He/Yellow | Xia-> Shang: Oracle bones, system of writing, ancestral veneration, human sacrifice, polytheistic (Supreme God Di), bronze, silk, chariots/horses (from Central Asia), city construction was not high tech (destroyed over time) | 4 | |
| 5751591717 | Classical China and contributions | civil service exams, centralized government, architecture (Great Wall), Confucianism, Daoism, bridge building, opening Silk Road (Han), paper | 5 | |
| 5751594608 | Classical India and contributions | The concept of 0, caste system, Hinduism, universities, decimal system, Buddhism, Jainism, chess | 6 | |
| 5751594609 | Paleolithic Age | hunters, and gatherers, nomadic, small groups, egalitarian, animistic, afterlife, fire (cooking, rituals, warmth, and protection), communication skills, foragers, shamans, used stone for tools | 7 | |
| 5751601021 | Neolithic Age | -domestication of dogs, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and horses -Agricultural Revolutions: Middle east (S.W. Asia/Asia Minor), wheat and barley, women were the first farmers (later pushed out of there jobs b/c of no hunting and gathering-more sedentary lifestyle | 8 | |
| 5751602058 | Bedouins | Arabian and North African nomads, used camels | 9 | |
| 5751605812 | Classical Mediterranean and contributions | Architecture/engineering, philosophy, writing/language, government, mythology, math, sculptures, plays/literature | 10 | |
| 5751607580 | Why did Western Rome collapse in 476 CE and Eastern Rome (Byzantine) 1453 CE? | -Western Rome collapsed in 476 C.E. due to nomads and germanic invader raids -Eastern Byzantine Rome collapsed in 1453 C.E. due to the Ottomans | 11 | |
| 5751607588 | Legalism | A school of Chinese philosophy. Prominent during Warring States Period. Had great influence on the policies of the Qin dynasty. Based on a pessimistic view of human nature. Social harmony could only be attained through strong government control and the imposition of strict laws, enforced absolutely. | 12 | |
| 5751610740 | Islam | A monotheistic religion based on the belief that there is one God, Allah, and that Muhammad was Allah's prophet. Islam is based in the ancient city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of Muhammad. | 13 | |
| 5751611608 | Coptic Christianity | The Egyptian and Ethiopian variety of Christianity, distinctive in its belief that Christ has only a single, divine nature. | 14 | |
| 5757400332 | Roman Catholicism | A branch of Christianity that developed in the western Roman Empire and that recognized the Pope as its supreme head | 15 | |
| 5757404343 | Eastern Orthodox | The Christian religion of the Byzantine Empire in the middle east that formed from Christianity's schism between the remains of the western and eastern Roman Empire. The Christian church ruled by the Byzantine emperor and the patriarchs of various historically significant Christian centers/cities. | 16 | |
| 5751613255 | What is the importance of 622 C.E.? | Muhammad and followers emigrate to Medina from Mecca to spread Islam | 17 | |
| 5751615563 | Seljuk Turks | Ruled parts of Central Asia and Middle east from 11th-14th centuries, migrated from North Iran in Central Asia to Persia (Iran) | 18 | |
| 5751617029 | Ottoman Turks | Turkish empire that was in Anatolia; Arrived in the same way of turkish migrations as the Seljuk Turks | 19 | |
| 5751628581 | Almoravids and Almohads | extremists conquerers of North Africa (first jihadists) | 20 | |
| 5751628582 | Aryans | Indo-European speaking, lighter skinned nomads who entered India from the Central Asian steppes and greatly affected Indian society. Vedas from this time suggest beginning of caste system. | 21 | |
| 5751629576 | Dravidians | indigenous dark-skinned people that lived in the Indus River Valley, but when the Aryans arrived, they were pushed south to India because of their skin color. they had their own agricultural techniques and worshipped nature spirits associated with fertility and new life. Spoke Dasa | 22 | |
| 5751636607 | Types of Buddhism | Mahayana- Theravada- Chan/Zen Buddism- Pureland Buddhism- | 23 | |
| 5751643005 | Shintoism | Religion located in Japan and related to Buddhism (used before Buddhism), focuses particularly on nature and ancestor worship. | 24 | |
| 5751643006 | Zoroastrianism | Founded in Persia, 6th century BC, Founded by Zoroaster, first monotheistic tradition, Ahuramazda is the supreme God | 25 | |
| 5751644454 | Jainism | a religion founded in India in the sixth century BC, whose members believe that everything in the universe has a soul and therefore shouldn't be harmed. Mahavira founded this religion. | 26 | |
| 5751647419 | Slavery | Classical civilization, rome relied on it, China didn't, used in most places of the world | 27 | |
| 5751647420 | Bantu | People who spread throughout Africa spreading agriculture, language, iron; Niger-Congo languages used in Central, and South African (Swahili) | 28 | |
| 5751649221 | Stateless Societies | African societies organized around kinship or other forms of obligation and lacking the concentration of political power and authority associated with states | 29 | |
| 5751658749 | Mamluks | Under the Islamic system of military slavery, Turkic military slaves who formed an important part of the armed forces of the Abbasid Caliphate of the ninth and tenth centuries. Mamluks eventually founded their own state, ruling Egypt and Syria (1250-1517) | 30 | |
| 5751658750 | Crusades | Armed pilgrimages to the Holy Land by Christians determined to recover Jerusalem from Muslim rule. The Crusades brought an end to western Europe's centuries of intellectual and cultural isolation. | 31 | |
| 5751661981 | Feudalism | A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land | 32 | |
| 5751664666 | Manorialism | An economic system based on the manor and lands including a village and surrounding acreage which were administered by a lord. It developed during the Middle Ages to increase agricultural production. | 33 | |
| 5751670720 | Serfdom | A type of labor commonly used in feudal systems in which the laborers work the land in return for protection but they are bound to the land and are not allowed to leave or to peruse their a new occupation. | 34 | |
| 5751673773 | Footbinding | A practice by which women bound their feet to make them small and arched in order to be more desirable by men and have higher social standing. Popular in Song China | 35 | |
| 5751682805 | Sui China | Dynasty that succeeded the Han in China; emerged from strong rulers in northern China; united all of northern China and reconquered southern China. This time was a very short reign that reunifies China. Also the Grand Canal was built. We also can see that they reintroduced a civil service system. | 36 | |
| 5751684938 | Tang | (618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system. | 37 | |
| 5751684939 | Song Dynasty | Empire in southern China (1127-1279) while the Jin people controlled the north. Distinguished for its advances in technology, medicine, astronomy, and mathematics. | 38 | |
| 5751686272 | Southern Song | Rump state of the Song Dynasty, carved out of the much larger domains of the Tang and northern Song; Culturally, one of the most glorious reigns in Chinese history. | 39 | |
| 5751687516 | Neo Confucianism | A philosophy that emerged in Song-dynasty China; it revived Confucian thinking while adding in Buddhist and Daoist elements. | 40 | |
| 5751687517 | Grand Canal | The 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire. | 41 | |
| 5751703247 | Mongols | A people of this name is mentioned as early as the records of the Tang Empire, living as nomads in northern Eurasia, established an enormous empire under Genghis Khan, linking western and eastern Eurasia. | 42 | |
| 5751705404 | Timur | Member of a prominent family of the Mongols' Jagadai Khanate. He through conquest gained control over much of Central Asia and Iran. He consolidated the status of Sunni Islam as orthodox, and his descendants maintained his empire for nearly a century and founded the Mughal Empire in India. | 43 | |
| 5751713992 | Italian city-states | Florence, Venice, Rome, Naples, Milan, Genoa, Pisa, and Siena | 44 | |
| 5751716839 | Iberians | Spanish Kingdom created by the marriage of Queen Isabella of Spain and King Ferdinand of Portugal | 45 | |
| 5751728792 | Ming Dynasty | Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia, Middle East, and east Africa, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China. | 46 | |
| 5751728793 | Hellenism | Greek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great. The period ended with the fall of the last major Hellenistic kingdom to Rome, but Greek cultural influence persisted until the spread of Islam. | 47 | |
| 5751734205 | Cyrillic | Language used to convert Slavs to Eastern Orthodoxy, created by Cyrus and Methodius | 48 | |
| 5757664481 | Samarai | In medieval Japan, a class of professional soldiers who loved by a strict code of person honor & loyalty to a noble | 49 | |
| 5751733051 | primogeniture | right of inheritance belongs exclusively to the eldest son | 50 | |
| 5757659555 | ethnocentrism | The belief that one's group is of central importance, tendency to judge the practices of other groups by one's own cultural standards. | 51 | |
| 5751736329 | Toltecs | powerful postclassic empire in central Mexico (900-1168 C.E.). It influenced much of Mesoamerica. This nomadic group of people migrated to Central Mexico in 900. | 52 | |
| 5751737844 | Aztecs | Also called Mexica, they settled in the valley of Mexico. Grew corn. Engaged in frequent warfare to conquer others of the region. Worshiped many gods (polytheistic). Practiced human sacrifices | 53 | |
| 5751737846 | The Incas | The Incas ruled a territory that stretched from Chile in northern Ecuador and from the Pacific coast to the upper Amazon Basin. Capital was Cuzco. Great Fortress and temple complex built at Machu Picchu. | 54 | |
| 5757722585 | Alexander the Great | King of Macedonia in northern Greece, Between 334 and 323 BCE, he conquered the Persian Empire, reached the Indus Valley, founded many Greek-style cities, and spread Greek culture across the Middle East. | 55 | |
| 5751738808 | Charles Martel | Frankish commander for the battle of Tours. He defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Tours, allowing Christianity to survive throughout the Dark Ages. He in a way started Feudalism by giving land to his knights that served for him. | 56 | |
| 5751739858 | Wu Ti | Han "Warrior Emperor" who greatly expanded the empire, (140-87 BCE); promoted peace; supported Confucianism; Conducted trade with the Parthian Empire in the Middle East. He also conducted the FIRST Civil service examinations in the world. | 57 | |
| 5751742820 | Tale of Genji | Written by Lady Murasaki Shikubu, this is a tale of the life of an imperial prince. Considered to be the World's first novel. | 58 | |
| 5751742821 | Shi-huangdi | Also known as Zheng, Ruler of China during Qin, had a Code of Law, burned Confucian books, refortified walls (Great Wall of China), abolished primogeniture, ended the aristocracy, appointed district officials, sent forces to move nomads N, leading to the Xiongnu confederation, imposed a standard system of measurements, weights, axle lengths, coinage, and writing | 59 | |
| 5751744798 | Zheng He | An imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa. | 60 | |
| 5751744799 | Saladin | A curd who fought against the Crusaders, Muslim commander (3rd Crusade) | 61 | |
| 5751744800 | Diocletian | Split Rome into 2 halves | 62 | |
| 5751751710 | Sufis | a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life | 63 | |
| 5751756346 | Swahili | A Bantu language with arabic words, spoken along the east african coast | 64 | |
| 5751756347 | William the Conqueror | First Norman King of England, duke of Normandy | 65 | |
| 5751757302 | St. Augustine | Had teachings that influenced Western Christianity and philosophy | 66 | |
| 5751757303 | St. Thomas Aquinas | promoted scholatism | 67 | |
| 5751758984 | Lalibela | King of Ethiopia, made capital Lalibela, Coptic Christian, build 11 churches (mosques) commemorating a sacred Christian site in Jerusalem | 68 | |
| 5751758985 | Mansa Musa | Ruler of Mali His extravagant pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca in 1324-1325 established the empire's reputation for wealth in the Mediterranean world. | 69 | |
| 5751758986 | Jula | merchants along the W. African trade routes | 70 | |
| 5751760443 | Hausa States | States in Sub-Saharan Africa, combined Islam with indigenous beliefs | 71 | |
| 5751760444 | Hanseatic league | A trading alliance in the Baltic, North Sea, parts of Russia, Prussia, and England | 72 | |
| 5751762279 | Flying money | The Chinese Song system of credit was based on guarantees that paper money could be redeemed for coinage. | 73 | |
| 5751769398 | guilds | A medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power; an association of people for mutual aid or the pursuit of a common goal | 74 |
AP World History Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 4905720263 | transformation most responsible for moving humans toward civilization | rise of agriculture | 0 | |
| 4905899948 | metal working was NOT important to agricultural and herding societies in this way | large metal boats | 1 | |
| 4905905022 | the start of sedentary agriculture | started in the Middle East first | 2 | |
| 4905909956 | early Paleolithic art serverd | religious or ritual purposes | 3 | |
| 4905915526 | by the late Paleolithic age humans had colonized | all continents except Antarctica | 4 | |
| 4905919902 | most societies in the Paleolithic age consisted of | small groups of hunters and gatherers | 5 | |
| 4905923714 | in hunting and gathering bands labor: | was divided according to gender | 6 | |
| 4905930247 | the neolithic revolution caused the population to | increase from 8 million to 60 or 70 million | 7 | |
| 4905943858 | this was associated with the transition to sedentary agricultural communities | gigging sticks, axes, and plows | 8 | |
| 4905952713 | stone tools, hunting and gathering, and increasing number of humans are features of | late paleolithic age | 9 | |
| 4905968597 | compared the women in hunting and gathering societies the social status of women in sedentary agricultural communites | declined | 10 | |
| 4905979991 | people referred to as barbarians were | pastoral agriculturalists | 11 | |
| 4905986431 | by 7000 BCE, techniques of agricultural production in the Middle East had reached a level that | permitted the establishment of the first towns | 12 | |
| 4905993301 | the many religious shrines at catal huyuk show existence of | powerful priesthood | 13 | |
| 4905997675 | the "heart" of the neolithic revolution that became basis for the spread of human socieites | innovative technologies + modes of agrarian production | 14 | |
| 4906007519 | the reason civilization appeared at an early date in the middle east was that | settled agriculture with irrigation systems had emerged there | 15 | |
| 4906016173 | Hammurabi's law code was often | harsh | 16 | |
| 4906021208 | technological innovations that occurred between 6000 and 4000 prepared civilization by | ensuring more consistent food | 17 | |
| 4906087193 | cuneiform and other types of writing are important because they | help organize political structures | 18 | |
| 4906087194 | NOT a feature of Sumerian civilization | simplified alphabet of 22 letters | 19 | |
| 4906087195 | unlike sumer and the Indus valley + harrapan civilization, egypt | retained a unified state through its history | 20 | |
| 4906087196 | unlike sumer and Egypt, the Indus valley/harrapan civilization | is difficult to study because the writing is not understandable | 21 | |
| 4906101178 | compared the river valley cultures, Chinese civilization | developed after civilizations in the nile valley and mesopotamia | 22 | |
| 4906107225 | in early china, unity and cultural identity were provided by | a common system of writing | 23 | |
| 4906109728 | the pillar of Egyptian culture was | religion | 24 | |
| 4906112961 | compared to Mesopotamian civilization, Egyptian civilization was | more stable due the few foreign incursions | 25 | |
| 4906120950 | what was one of the strongest similarities between the Egyptian, Mesopotamian, harappan, and Chinese civilizations? | located near great river systems | 26 | |
| 4906126580 | what was one of the greatest differences between harappan civilization and Chinese civilization | failure to provide the basis for a continuous civilization | 27 | |
| 4906134304 | by encouraging settlers to move into the Yangtze river valley, the Zhou rulers | produced population growth, but also complicated problems of central rule | 28 | |
| 4906142485 | Confucianism and daoism | originated as responses to societal problems during times of disruption | 29 | |
| 4906147171 | Confucian social relationships | created a hierarchy and insisted upon reciprocal duties between people | 30 | |
| 4906154523 | the doctrine sponsored by the qin dynasty to support its state | broke the power of vassals in order to enhance the power of the emperor | 31 | |
| 4906163178 | which of the groups would have most likely supported the qin dynasty? | trained bureaucrats from non-aristocratic groups | 32 | |
| 4906166509 | during the Han dynasty, scholar officlas | instituted a system of examination to prepare professional civil servants | 33 | |
| 4906173742 | although they varied greatly in wealth and social status in china | the commoners remained the largest group | 34 | |
| 4906178724 | Chinese women in the classical age | were legally subordinated to fathers and husbands | 35 | |
| 4906180932 | despite the material success | merchants in china ranked below peasants | 36 | |
| 4906186599 | Chinese belief systems differ from single deity religions and polytheism most in | their secular emphasis and lack of identifiable gods to worship | 37 | |
| 4906193622 | the highest Hindu caste members in India after the epic age were the | dasas/Dravidian people | 38 | |
| 4906196068 | the Indian caste system | was complex and stratified; a person could almost never change caste | 39 | |
| 4906201490 | a central message of the bhagavad gita is that | one must carry out the duties that come with one's caste | 40 | |
| 4906210018 | a major difference between Buddhism and Hinduism was that | Buddhism denied the need for caste, rites, and sacrifice to reach nirvana | 41 | |
| 4906211993 | Buddhism spread primarily because | its monastic community | 42 | |
| 4906214317 | Alexander the great's invasion of india | led to the rise of the mauryans | 43 | |
| 4906218909 | Buddhism lost its appeal and influence in huptan India because | Hinduism showed its adaptability | 44 | |
| 4906222316 | during the classical era in India, this did NOT occur | religious authorities often allowed dissections in the name of research | 45 | |
| 4906227585 | over time in classical india | castes intensified and began to differ from region to region | 46 | |
| 4906236658 | is Mesopotamia the cuneiform culture assimilated invaders and provided continuity. the same role in India was performed by | the Hindu social hierarchy | 47 | |
| 4906242317 | what determined a person's place within the Indian social hierarchy? | the degree to which the occupation was considered polluting | 48 | |
| 4906244830 | after his death, buddha | was worshiped as a divinity | 49 | |
| 4906251899 | what was the attitude of Buddhism toward the caste system? | Buddhists rejected the caste system and admitted untouchables and women as members of the faith | 50 | |
| 4906257928 | which groups did ashoka's social policies benefit? | merchants, women, and artisans | 51 | |
| 4906262514 | what was the status of the Brahmans under the Gupta? | the Brahmans recovered their former positions of dominance throughout Indian society as teachers, administrators, and religious authorities | 52 |
AP World History Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 4712179075 | Abate | to lessen, reduce, or remove | 0 | |
| 4712183115 | Absolutism | the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters | 1 | |
| 4712184191 | Adjacent | next to or adjoining something else | 2 | |
| 4712185247 | Agrarian | of or relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land | 3 | |
| 4712195941 | Agriculture | the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products | 4 | |
| 4712197324 | Anthropomorphic | described or thought of as being like human beings in appearance, behavior, etc | 5 | |
| 4712197809 | Aristocracy | the highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices | 6 | |
| 4712198179 | Avarice | extreme greed for wealth or material gain | 7 | |
| 4712199706 | Bias | prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another | 8 | |
| 4712201687 | Buddhism | a religion of eastern and central Asia growing out of the teaching of Gautama Buddha that suffering is inherent in life and that one can be liberated from it by mental and moral self-purification | 9 | |
| 4712202020 | Bureaucracy | a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives | 10 | |
| 4712202264 | Capital | the most important city or town of a country or region, usually its seat of government and administrative center | 11 | |
| 4712202644 | Capitalism | an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state | 12 | |
| 4712202880 | Capitulate | cease to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand | 13 | |
| 4712203369 | Centralized | to bring (something) under the control of one authority | 14 | |
| 4712203370 | Charlatan | a person falsely claiming to have a special knowledge or skill | 15 | |
| 4712203819 | Chattel | a personal possession | 16 | |
| 4712203820 | Chiefdom | a form of hierarchical political organization in non-industrial societies usually based on kinship, and in which formal leadership is monopolized by the legitimate senior members of select families or 'houses' | 17 | |
| 4712204247 | Christianity | the religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices | 18 | |
| 4712204248 | City-State | a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state | 19 | |
| 4712204756 | Civilization | the stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced | 20 | |
| 4712204976 | Clergy | the body of all people ordained for religious duties, especially in the Christian Church | 21 | |
| 4712204977 | Coerce | obtain (something) by using force or threats | 22 | |
| 4712205431 | Colonialism | the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically | 23 | |
| 4712205432 | Colony | a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country | 24 | |
| 4712205433 | Communism | a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs | 25 | |
| 4712206771 | Confucianism | a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius | 26 | |
| 4712206772 | Copious | abundant in supply or quantity | 27 | |
| 4712206773 | Culture | the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively | 28 | |
| 4712207140 | Daoism | a Chinese philosophy based on the writings of Lao-tzu ( fl. 6th century BC), advocating humility and religious piety | 29 | |
| 4712207141 | Deforestation | the clearing of trees, transforming a forest into cleared land | 30 | |
| 4712207920 | Demography | the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations | 31 | |
| 4712207921 | Derive | obtain something from (a specified source) | 32 | |
| 4712208356 | Diaspora | Jews living outside Israel | 33 | |
| 4712208357 | Divine | of, from, or like God or a god | 34 | |
| 4712208358 | Dynasty | a line of hereditary rulers of a country | 35 | |
| 4712209293 | Economic | of or relating to economics or the economy | 36 | |
| 4712209294 | Edict | an official order or proclamation issued by a person in authority | 37 | |
| 4712211215 | Egalitarian | of, relating to, or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities | 38 | |
| 4712211594 | Empire | an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress | 39 | |
| 4712211595 | Encroach | intrude on (a person's territory or a thing considered to be a right) | 40 | |
| 4712211925 | Epidemic | a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time | 41 | |
| 4712211926 | Equitable | fair and impartial | 42 | |
| 4712213622 | Ethnocentrism | evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture | 43 | |
| 4712213623 | Feudalism | the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection | 44 | |
| 4712215880 | Forage | a wide search over an area in order to obtain something, especially food or provisions | 45 | |
| 4712215881 | Fundamental | a central or primary rule or principle on which something is based | 46 | |
| 4712217734 | Genocide | the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation | 47 | |
| 4712242448 | Globalization | a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology | 48 | |
| 4712217991 | Hegemony | eadership or dominance, especially by one country or social group over others | 49 | |
| 4712217992 | Hierarchy | a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority | 50 | |
| 4712218433 | Hinduism | major religious and cultural tradition of South Asia, developed from Vedic religion | 51 | |
| 4712218690 | Ideology | a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy | 52 | |
| 4712218691 | Imperialism | a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force | 53 | |
| 4712219264 | Incursion | an invasion or attack, especially a sudden or brief one | 54 | |
| 4712222745 | Indentured Servant | person under contract to work for another person for a definite period of time, usually without pay but in exchange for free passage to a new country | 55 | |
| 4712222746 | Indignant | feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment | 56 | |
| 4712223639 | Industrial | of, relating to, or characterized by industry | 57 | |
| 4712223640 | Inflation | a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money | 58 | |
| 4712224169 | Institution | a society or organization founded for a religious, educational, social, or similar purpose | 59 | |
| 4712224170 | Intermediary | a person who acts as a link between people in order to try to bring about an agreement or reconciliation | 60 | |
| 4712224665 | Judaism | the monotheistic religion of the Jews | 61 | |
| 4712224666 | Lambast | criticize (someone or something) harshly | 62 | |
| 4712224985 | Legitimate | conforming to the law or to rules | 63 | |
| 4712225553 | Malfeasance | wrongdoing, especially by a public official | 64 | |
| 4712225554 | Manufacture | the making of articles on a large scale using machinery | 65 | |
| 4712226105 | Maritime | connected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity | 66 | |
| 4712226106 | Matriarchy | a system of society or government ruled by a woman or women | 67 | |
| 4712227119 | Medieval | of or relating to the Middle Ages | 68 | |
| 4712227120 | Merchant | a person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially one dealing with foreign countries or supplying merchandise to a particular trade | 69 | |
| 4712227123 | Monarchy | a form of government with a monarch at the head | 70 | |
| 4712227697 | Monotheism | the doctrine or belief that there is only one God | 71 | |
| 4712228184 | Munificence | the quality or action of being lavishly generous; great generosity | 72 | |
| 4712228185 | Myriad | a countless or extremely great number | 73 | |
| 4712228428 | Nation | a large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory | 74 | |
| 4712228429 | Negligible | so small or unimportant as to be not worth considering; insignificant | 75 | |
| 4712228759 | Neolithic | of, relating to, or denoting the later part of the Stone Age, when ground or polished stone weapons and implements prevailed | 76 | |
| 4712228760 | Nobility | the group of people belonging to the noble class in a country, especially those with a hereditary or honorary title | 77 | |
| 4712229354 | Nomad(-ic) | a member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock | 78 | |
| 4712229355 | Pagan | a person holding religious beliefs other than those of the main world religions | 79 | |
| 4712229598 | Pandemic | (of a disease) prevalent over a whole country or the world | 80 | |
| 4712229599 | Papacy | the office or authority of the pope | 81 | |
| 4712230063 | Parity | the state or condition of being equal, especially regarding status or pay | 82 | |
| 4712230064 | Pastoral | (especially of land or a farm) used for or related to the keeping or grazing of sheep or cattle | 83 | |
| 4712230529 | Patriarchy | a system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line | 84 | |
| 4712230775 | Periodization | an act or instance of dividing a subject into historical eras for purposes of analysis and study | 85 | |
| 4712230776 | Placate | make (someone) less angry or hostile | 86 | |
| 4712231042 | Plethora | a large or excessive amount of (something) | 87 | |
| 4712231043 | Polytheism | the belief in or worship of more than one god | 88 | |
| 4712231516 | Prehistoric | of, relating to, or denoting the period before written records | 89 | |
| 4712231517 | Prevalent | widespread in a particular area at a particular time | 90 | |
| 4712232079 | Primary Source | an artifact, a document, a recording, or other source of information that was created at the time under study | 91 | |
| 4712232080 | Prolific | present in large numbers or quantities; plentiful | 92 | |
| 4712232743 | Protestant | a member or follower of any of the Western Christian churches that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church and follow the principles of the Reformation, including the Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran churches | 93 | |
| 4712232744 | Prowess | skill or expertise in a particular activity or field | 94 | |
| 4712233099 | Rational | based on or in accordance with reason or logic | 95 | |
| 4712233387 | Reform | make changes in (something, typically a social, political, or economic institution or practice) in order to improve it | 96 | |
| 4712233388 | Regime | a government, especially an authoritarian one | 97 | |
| 4712233646 | Revolution | a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system | 98 | |
| 4712233647 | Rural | in, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town | 99 | |
| 4712233902 | Scribe | a person who copies out documents, especially one employed to do this before printing was invented | 100 | |
| 4712234266 | Secondary Source | one that was created later by someone who did not experience first-hand or participate in the events or conditions you're researching | 101 | |
| 4712234267 | Secular | denoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis | 102 | |
| 4712234737 | Serf | an agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate | 103 | |
| 4712234738 | Shaman | a person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of good and evil spirits, especially among some peoples of northern Asia and North America | 104 | |
| 4712234739 | Slave | a person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them | 105 | |
| 4712235047 | State | a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government | 106 | |
| 4712235048 | Stratified | arrange or classify | 107 | |
| 4712235678 | Subjective | based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions | 108 | |
| 4712235684 | Subjugate | bring under domination or control, especially by conquest | 109 | |
| 4712235939 | Surplus | more than what is needed or used; excess | 110 | |
| 4712235940 | Syncretic | the amalgamation or attempted amalgamation of different religions, cultures, or schools of thought | 111 | |
| 4712236356 | Textile | a type of cloth or woven fabric | 112 | |
| 4712236357 | Theocracy | a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god | 113 | |
| 4712236693 | Tumultuous | making a loud, confused noise; uproarious | 114 | |
| 4712236969 | Ubiquitous | present, appearing, or found everywhere | 115 | |
| 4712236970 | Urban | in, relating to, or characteristic of a city or town | 116 | |
| 4712237326 | Veneration | great respect; reverence | 117 | |
| 4712238088 | Xenophobic | having or showing a dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries | 118 |
Ap world history-lightheart Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 3889940866 | Pastoralism | A nomadic agricultural lifestyle based on hearding domesticated animals | 0 | |
| 3889940867 | Cultural diffusion | The spread of ideas,culture and goods from one civilization to another | 1 | |
| 3889940868 | Neolithic Revolution | 2 | ||
| 4168237033 | Ayllus | 3 | ||
| 4168237034 | Capulli | 4 | ||
| 4168237035 | Chinampas | 5 | ||
| 4168237036 | Mita | 6 | ||
| 4168237037 | Quetzalcoatl | 7 | ||
| 4168237038 | Tlaloc | 8 | ||
| 4168237039 | Quipus | 9 | ||
| 4168240569 | Yanas | 10 | ||
| 4168240570 | Tenochtitan | 11 | ||
| 4168251270 | Tambas | 12 | ||
| 4168251271 | Split inheritance | 13 | ||
| 4168251272 | Indians | 14 | ||
| 4168251273 | Pochteca | 15 | ||
| 4168251274 | Temple of the sun | 16 | ||
| 4168251275 | Huitzilapochti | 17 | ||
| 4168323985 | Twelve tables | Law code of the Roman republic | 18 | |
| 4168323986 | Julius Caesar | Ended the republic era, control of Rome | 19 | |
| 4168323987 | Daosism | 20 | ||
| 4168323988 | Confucianism | 21 | ||
| 4168323989 | Legalism | 22 | ||
| 4168323990 | Hinduism | 23 | ||
| 4168323991 | Buddhism | 24 |
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