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[Type text] [Type text] [Type text] May 14, 2014 Chemistry Study Guide Abby & Thomas Chapter 8: 8.1 Vocabulary Covalent bond- a bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms Molecule- a neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds Diatomic molecule- a molecule that contains two atoms Example. Oxygen and Hydrogen Molecular compound- a compound composed of molecules Example. Water Molecular formula- the chemical formula of a molecular compound. A molecular formula shows how many atoms of each element a substance contains Important things to know for 8.1 8.2 Vocabulary Single Covalent bond- a bond formed when two atoms share one pair of electrons

Chapter 14 #5 A black guinea pig crossed with an albino guinea pig produces 12 black offspring. When the albino is crossed with a second black one, 7 blacks and 5 albinos are obtained. What is the best explanation for this genetic situation? Write genotypes for the parents, gametes, and offspring Answer Albino (b) is a recessive trait; black (B) is dominant. First cross: parents BB ? bb; gametes B and b; offspring all Bb (black coat). Second cross: parents bb ? Bb; gametes 1/2 B and 1/2 b (heterozygous parent) and b; offspring 1/2 Bb and 1/2 bb #6

Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Overview: Locating Genes Along Chromosomes Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes, though this wasn?t known at the time Today we can show that genes are located on chromosomes The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene Concept 15.1: Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes Mitosis and meiosis were first described in the late 1800s The chromosome theory of inheritance states: Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis was said to account for Mendel?s laws of segregation and independent assortment

Chapter 10: Photosynthesis ?Photosynthesis is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy ?Directly or indirectly, photosynthesis nourishes almost the entire living world This chapter is as challenging as the one you just finished on cellular respiration. However, conceptually, it is a little easier because the concepts learned in Chapter 9: Chemiosmosis, and an electron transport system play a central role in photosynthesis. 1. As a review, define the terms autotroph and heterotroph. Keep in mind that plants have mitochondria and chloroplasts and do both cellular respiration and photosynthesis.

Chapter 51: Animal Behavior Overview 1. How is behavior defined? ?A behavior is the nervous system?s response to a stimulus and is carried out by the muscular or the hormonal system ?Animal behavior is based on physiological systems and processes Concept 51.1 Discrete sensory inputs can stimulate both simple and complex behaviors 2. What is ethology? ?Ethology is the scientific study of animal behavior, particularly in natural environments 3. What is the difference between proximate and ultimate causation? ?Proximate causation, or the ?how? explains or focuses on: ?Environmental stimuli triggering a behavior, and ?Genetic, physiological, and anatomical mechanisms underlying a behavior ?Ultimate causation, or ?why? explains or focuses on the: