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AP Literature Review Terms Flashcards

6096528633	allegory	story or poem that can be used to reveal a hidden meaning	0
6096528634	alliteration	beginning of same letter or sound in closely connected words	1
6096528635	allusion	indirect of passing reference	2
6096528636	anaphora	repetition in first part of a sentence , to have an artistic meaning	3
6096528637	antagonist	a hostile person who is opposed to another character	4
6096528638	apostrophe	figure of speech used to adresss an imaginary character	5
6096528640	aside	when a character's dialogue is spoken but not heard by other actors on the stage	6
6096528641	assonance	repetition of vowel sounds	7
6096528642	blank verse	poetry written in meter without an ending rhyme	8
6096528643	cacophony	clash of unharmonious sounds	9
6096528644	caesura	pause in the middle of a line of poetry	10
6096528645	catharsis	the release of emotions through art (emotional cleanse)	11
6096528646	flat character	story character who have no depth, usually has one personality or characteristic, like a stereotype or "cartoonish" character	12
6096528647	round character	character who has complex personality and has a depth of personality traits	13
6096528648	dynamic character	changes throughout the story, through major conflict	14
6096528649	static character	person who doesn't change throughout story keeps same personality	15
6096528650	characterization	process of revealing characters personality	16
6096528651	climax	point where conflict hits its highest point	17
6096528653	conflict	struggle between opposing forces	18
6096528654	connotation	secondary meaning to a word	19
6096528655	consonance	repetition of same consonant in words close together	20
6096528656	couplet	two rhyming lines in a verse	21
6096528657	denotation	the literal meaning of a word	22
6096528658	denouement	final outcome of the story	23
6096528659	deus ex machina	resolution of a plot by chance, coincidence, or a last minute outside influence ("god in the machine")	24
6096528660	didactic writing	writing with a primary purpose to teach or preach	25
6096528661	direct characterization	author directly tells the reader the character traits: trustworthy, kind, hard-working	26
6096528662	double rhyme	rhyme where the repeated vowel is in the second last syllable of words involved (ex; born scorn)	27
6096528663	dramatic exposition	provides background information about the characters and their world	28
6096528664	end rhyme	rhymes occurring at the end of line	29
6096528665	end stopped line	line ending in regular punctuation	30
6096528666	English sonnet	a sonnet rhyming ababcdcdededgg	31
6096528667	epiphany	when a character receives a spiritual insight into they life	32
6096528668	euphony	smooth choice and arrangement of sounds	33
6096528669	extended figure	A figure of speech sustained or developed through a considerable number of lines or through a whole poem.	34
6096528670	falling action	Events after the climax, leading to the resolution	35
6096528671	feminine rhyme	lines rhymed by their final two syllables	36
6096528672	figurative language	Language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.	37
6096528673	figure of speech	a way of saying something other than the ordinary way	38
6096528674	foot	basic unit in the scansion or measurement of verse , stressed and un stressed syllables	39
6096528675	form	external pattern or shape of a poem	40
6096528676	free verse	Poetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme	41
6096528677	hamartia	tragic flaw which causes a character's downfall	42
6096528678	imagery	Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)	43
6096528679	indirect presentation of character	the personality of a character is revealed by what he or she does or says	44
6096528680	internal rhyme	A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line	45
6096528681	irony	A contrast between expectation and reality	46
6096528682	verbal irony	A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant	47
6096528683	dramatic irony	Irony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play.	48
6096528684	irony of situation	refers to an occurrence that is contrary to what is expected or intended	49
6096528685	italian sonnet	A sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd	50
6096528686	masculine rhyme	A rhyme ending on the final stressed syllable	51
6096528687	melodrama	a play based upon a dramatic plot and developed sensationally	52
6096528688	metaphor	A comparison without using like or as	53
6096528689	meter	A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry	54
6096528690	metonymy	A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it	55
6096528691	motivation	A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior	56
6096528692	narrator	Person telling the story	57
6096528693	octave	8 line stanza	58
6096528694	onomatopoeia	A word that imitates the sound it represents.	59
6096528695	hyperbole	A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor	60
6096528696	oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.	61
6096528697	paradox	A contradiction or dilemma	62
6096528698	paraphrase	A restatement of a text or passage in your own words.	63
6096528699	personification	A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes	64
6096528700	plot	Sequence of events in a story	65
6096528701	point of view	The perspective from which a story is told	66
6096528702	omniscient point of view	The point of view where the narrator knows everything about the characters and their problems - told in the 3rd person.	67
6096528703	third person limited point of view	narrator tells the story from only one character's pov	68
6096528704	first person point of view	a character in the story is actually telling the story himself/herself	69
6096528705	objective point of view	a narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story, with no comment on any characters or events.	70
6096528706	protagonist	Main character	71
6096528707	quatrain	A four line stanza	72
6096528708	rhythm	A regularly recurring sequence of events or actions.	73
6096528709	rhyme scheme	A regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem	74
6096528710	rising action	Events leading up to the climax	75
6096528711	sarcasm	the use of irony to mock or convey contempt	76
6096528712	satire	A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.	77
6096528713	scansion	Analysis of verse into metrical patterns	78
6096528714	sestet	6 line stanza	79
6096528715	setting	The context in time and place in which the action of a story occurs.	80
6096528716	simile	A comparison using "like" or "as"	81
6096528717	soliloquy	A long speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage	82
6096528718	sonnet	14 line poem	83
6096528719	stanza	A group of lines in a poem	84
6096528720	stream of consciousness	private thoughts of a character without commentary	85
6096528721	syllabic verse	Verse measured by the number of syllables rather than the number of feet per line.	86
6096528722	symbol	A thing that represents or stands for something else	87
6096528723	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa	88
6096528724	synesthesia	describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound")	89
6096528725	tercet	3 line stanza	90
6096528726	terza rima	a verse form with a rhyme scheme: aba bcb cdc, etc.	91
6096528727	theme	Central idea of a work of literature	92
6096528728	tone	Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character	93
6096528729	tragedy	A serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character	94
6096528730	truncation	Utilizing a melody with part of the end omitted.	95
6096528731	understandment	the deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it actually is; a deliberate under-emphasis	96
6096528732	verse	A single line of poetry writing arranged with a metrical rhythm, typically having a rhyme	97
6096528733	vilanelle	a nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.	98

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AP Language Exam Terminology Flashcards

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4907134757	ad hoc	for a single purpose	0
4907134758	ad hominem	overly nit-picky; intellectually "show-offy"	1
4907134759	allegory	symbolic story that parallels actual events	2
4907134760	alliteration	Peter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers	3
4907134761	allusion	reference to something famous or historical	4
4907134762	ambiguity	broad/vague	5
4907134763	analogy	comparison to make a point; learning to write is a lot like improving as a runner	6
4907134764	antecedent	word/phrase pronoun renames	7
4907134765	antithesis	juxtaposition of opposing ideas	8
4907134766	aphorism	if it ain't broke fix it; short statement that holds a deeper meaning. a thoughtful bumper sticker	9
4907134767	apostrophe	language that addresses	10
4907134768	atmosphere	mood of a piece	11
4907134769	caricature	description that distorts a flaw/characteristic; exaggerated portrayal of a person	12
4907134770	colloquialism	slang or regional dialect	13
4907134771	conceit	surprising analogy; false front; a seemingly odd comparison that actually is true	14
4907134772	connotation	not actual meaning; "feeling" of a word	15
4907134773	denotation	actual meaning; literal definition of a word	16
4907134774	diction	word choice	17
4907134775	didactic	intention to teach	18
4907134776	euphemism	mild word that substitutes a harsh/blunt word when talking about an unpleasant situation; nice word for an impolite "thing": "the little girl's room"	19
4907134777	extended metaphor	a comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines	20
4907134778	figurative language	using figures of speech to be more effective, persuasive and impactful	21
4907134779	homily	short sermon	22
4907134780	hyperbole	extreme exaggeration	23
4907134781	imagery	description of something that appeals to the senses	24
4907134782	infer	conclusion from evidence; make an educated guess	25
4907134783	invective	abusive language	26
4907134784	irony	say something that's opposite that what is expected	27
4907134785	metaphor	comparison of 2 things without like or as, of two unlike things	28
4907134786	mood	the way the author makes the audience feel with their writing	29
4907134787	narrative	a writing about an experience, story or situation	30
4907134788	oxymoron	same difference; 2 opposing words linked	31
4907134789	paradox	seems impossible but is true	32
4907134790	parallelism or parallel structure	similar structure or related phrases/sentence; matching syntax or word choice	33
4907134791	parody	exaggerated comedic imitation	34
4907134792	pedantic	overly concerned with details; personal attack	35
4907134793	personification	to give an inanimate object human qualities; the clouds cried the night away	36
4907134794	point of view	perspective from which an essay or story is related	37
4907134795	prose	formal writing structure; non-poetic writing	38
4907134796	rhetoric	art of arguing or writing effectively	39
4907134797	rhetorical modes	non-literal comparisons; poetic wording	40
4907134798	sarcasm	the use of irony to mock or convey contempt; irony intended to inflict pain	41
4907134799	satire	irony used to ridicule someone's stupidity	42
4907134800	semantics	word games; structure and function if language	43
4907134801	syllogism	logical connection of ideas; transitive property	44
4907134802	symbolism	something having a bigger meaning/ being symbolic for the story	45
4907134803	syntax	length of phrases to make a point	46
4907134804	theme	universal meaning	47
4907134805	thesis	a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.	48
4907134806	tone	author's attitude	49
4907134807	transition	connection between two ideas in writing	50
4907134808	understatement	making a problem smaller than it actually is	51
4907134809	wit	perceptive and humorous observance	52

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Flashcards

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AP Literature Vocab #7 Flashcards

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3661640837	imbue	spread or diffuse through	0
3661641994	prognosticate	make a prediction about; tell in advance	1
3661642021	inclement	excessive sternness; not kind or merciful	2
3661644665	multifarious	having many attributes	3
3661646905	indefatigable	showing sustained enthusiasm with unflagging vitality	4
3661648452	abstruse	difficult to penetrate or understand	5
3661650969	ardent	characterized by intense emotion; enthusiastic or passionate	6
3661653192	immutable	not subject or susceptible to change or variation; unchanging over time	7
3661656226	vacillate	uncertain in purpose or action; alternate or waver between different opinions	8
3661658363	hapless	deserving or inciting pity; unlucky or unfortunate	9
3661659860	accede	yield to another's wish or opinion; to give consent or approval	10
3661661061	odious	unequivocally detestable; deserving or causing hatred	11

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AP Literature Flashcards

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7158702429	Diction	style of speaking or writing as dependent upon choice of words	0
7158702430	Denotation	the explicit or direct meaning or set of meanings of a word or expression	1
7158703178	Connotation	the associated or secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning	2
7158703179	Formal	done in accordance with rules of convention or etiquette; suitable for or constituting an official or important situation or occasion; official; sincere	3
7158704336	Informal	having a relaxed, friendly, or unofficial style, manner, or nature.	4
7158705134	Slang	very informal usage in vocabulary and idiom	5
7158705659	Colloquial	characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal	6
7158705660	Abstract	thought of apart from concrete realities, specific objects, or actual instances such as an idea	7
7158706115	Concrete	constituting an actual thing or instance; pertaining to or concerned with realities	8
7158706927	Figurative language	language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation	9
7158706928	Metaphor	a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable	10
7158707626	Simile	a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid	11
7158708044	Personification	the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form	12
7158708835	Analogy	a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification	13
7158709386	Extended Metaphor	a comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph, or lines in a poem	14
7158709387	Hyperbole	exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally	15
7158709927	Understatement	the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is	16
7158709928	Paradox	a statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense and yet is perhaps true	17
7158710476	Irony	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect	18
7158710477	Imagery	visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work	19
7158711164	Syntax	an author's specific arrangement of words and phrases; sentence structure	20
7158711790	Simple	easily understood or done; presenting something that is very straightforward	21
7158711791	Complex	consisting of many different and connected parts	22
7158712284	Cumulative	increasing or increased in quantity, degree, or force by successive additions	23
7158712285	Periodic	appearing or occurring at intervals	24
7158713003	Inverted	put upside down or in the opposite position, order, or arrangement; to reverse the normal word order of a structure	25
7158713004	Enjambment	the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.	26
7158714581	Caesura	a break, especially a sense pause, usually near the middle of a verse, and marked in scansion by a double vertical line	27
7158714582	Tone	the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc.	28
7158714583	Mood	inducing or suggestive of a particular feeling or state of mind	29
7158715997	Free Verse	poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.	30
7158716607	End Rhyme	a poem that has lines ending with words that sound the same	31
7158717898	Internal Rhyme	a rhyme involving a word in the middle of a line and another at the end of the line or in the middle of the next	32
7158717899	Near Rhyme	rhyming in which the words sound the same but do not rhyme perfectly	33
7158718538	Quatrain	a stanza of four lines, especially one having alternate rhymes	34
7158719758	Couplet	two lines of verse, usually in the same meter and joined by rhyme, that form a unit	35
7158719759	Meter	the rhythm of a piece of poetry, determined by number/lngth of feet in a line	36
7158720796	Iambic Pentameter	a line of verse with five metrical feet, each consisting of one short (or unstressed) syllable followed by one long (or stressed) syllable	37
7158720797	Blank Verse	verse without rhyme, especially that which uses iambic pentameter	38
7158721127	Form	structure; how a piece is constructed and organized	39
7158721128	Sonnet	14 line poem with ten syllables per line	40
7158722600	Elegy	a poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead; a poem written in elegiac couplets	41
7158723137	Lyric	a poem or verse expressing the writer's emotions	42
7158723138	Ode	a lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter.	43
7158723139	Sound	music, speech, or effect used to reinforce meaning or evoke emotion	44
7158726084	Alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words	45
7158726988	Assonance	the repetition of a vowel in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible	46
7158730057	Onomatopoeia	word for a sound	47
7158734243	Cadence	the rising and falling of the voice when reading a literary piece; the momentary changes in rhythm and pitch which help set the rhythmic paces of a literary piece	48
7327217897	Rhyme	correspondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at the ends of lines of poetry.	49

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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

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4333368655	Anaphora	In writing or speech, the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect.	0
4333374089	Bathos	An effect of anticlimax created by an unintentional lapse in mood from the sublime to the trivial or ridiculous.	1
4333385011	Chiasmus	A rhetorical device in which two or more clauses are balanced against each other by the reversal of their structures in order to produce an artistic effect.	2
4333390491	Deus ex machina	The circumstance where an implausible concept or a divine character is introduced into a storyline for the purpose of resolving its conflict and procuring an interesting outcome.	3
4333391713	Farce	A comic dramatic work using buffoonery and horseplay and typically including crude characterization and ludicrously improbable situations.	4
4333394691	Litotes	An ironical understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary (e.g., you won't be sorry, meaning you'll be glad ).	5
4333396654	Non sequitur	Include the statements, sayings and conclusions that do not follow the fundamental principles of logic and reason. They are frequently used in theater and comedies to create comedic effects.	6
4333396655	Parable	A figure of speech, which presents a short story typically with a moral lesson at the end.	7
4333399011	Stream of conciousness	A person's thoughts and conscious reactions to events, perceived as a continuous flow.	8
4333400245	Synesthesia	A technique adopted by writers to present ideas, characters or places in such a manner that they appeal to more than one senses like hearing, seeing, smell etc. at a given time.	9
4333400246	Trope	A figurative or metaphorical use of a word or expression.	10
4333402415	Versimilitude	Likeness to the truth i.e. resemblance of a fictitious work to a real event even if it is a far-fetched one.	11
4333402416	Sestina	A fixed verse form consisting of six stanzas of six lines each, normally followed by a three-line envoi.	12
4333404254	Villanelle	A nineteen-line poetic form consisting of five tercets followed by a quatrain.	13
4333404255	Anapest	A poetic device defined as a metrical foot in a line of a poem that contains three syllables wherein the first two syllables are short and unstressed followed by a third syllable that is long and stressed as given in this line "I must finish my journey alone." Here the anapestic foot is marked in bold.	14
4333406100	Caesura	A break between words within a metrical foot.	15
4333406101	Aubade	A song or poem appropriate to or greeting the dawn.	16
4333408362	Elegy		17
4333408363	Epigram		18
4333409967	Pastoral		19
4333409968	Conceit		20
4333411854	Refrain		21
4333411855	Shift		22
4333414011	Scansion		23

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AP World History Vocabulary Flashcards

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7093103538	B.C.E.	Before the Common Era, also known as Before the Christian Era. This is the period of time before the traditional date of Christ's birth. This has replaced B.C. (Before Christ)	0
7093103539	C.E.	Common Era, also known as the Christian Era. This is the period of time that begins with the traditional date of Christ's birth. This has replaced A.D. (Anno Domini)	1
7093103540	abdicate	someone who decides to give up power and step down from his/her position.	2
7093103541	accession	the act of attaining or gaining access to a new office or right or position (especially the throne)	3
7093103542	aesthetic	concerning or characterized by an appreciation of beauty or good taste	4
7093103543	agrarian	of or relation to cultivated land or the preparation of land; relation to rural matters	5
7093103544	amenities	the things in life that make you more comfortable and at ease;	6
7093103545	anarchy	a state of lawlessness and disorder; political and social disorder due to the absence of governmental control	7
7093103546	animism	the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls	8
7093103547	antiquity	the quality of being ancient; an artifact surviving from the past (adjective)	9
7093103548	appeasement	calming; to yield or concede to the belligerent demands of a group in a conciliatory effort	10
7093103549	aristocracy	a privileged class holding hereditary titles; a government in which those in a special class rule; nobility	11
7093103550	asceticism	rigorous self-denial, particularly the rejection of the pleasures of the world	12
7093103551	assimilate	to make similar; alike; to understand fully	13
7093103552	authoritarian	characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty; expecting unquestioning obedience	14
7093103553	autocracy	a political theory favoring unlimited authority by a single individual; a system of government by one person with absolute power	15
7093103554	barbarism	an uncivilized state or condition	16
7093103555	bureaucracy/bureaucrats	a government that is staffed with nonelective officials; a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives./government officials who are more concerned with procedural correctness rather than the right thing to do	17
7093103556	city-state	a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.	18
7093103557	civic	of or relating to a city; of or relating to or befitting citizens as individuals	19
7093103558	classical	of or relating to the most highly developed stage of an earlier civilization and its culture; representative of past cultures; of or relating to ancient Greek or Latin literature, art, or culture.	20
7093103559	colonial	of concerning to a colony or colonies	21
7093103560	commerce	transactions having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)	22
7093103561	communal	belonging to the people of a community; for or by a group rather than individuals	23
7093103562	concubine	a woman who cohabits a man to whom she is not married to; mistress	24
7093103563	conscription	compulsory military service	25
7093103564	cosmopolitan	familiar with and at ease in many different countries and cultures	26
7093103565	coup	a sudden and decisive change of government illegally or by force	27
7093103566	demography/demographic	the studying of the characteristics of human populations	28
7093103567	despot	a cruel and oppressive dictator	29
7093103568	diaspora	the dispersion or spreading of something that was originally localized (noun)	30
7093103569	dissent	a difference in opinion; the act of protesting (act)	31
7093103570	dissident	a person who rebels from some established policy (person)	32
7093103571	domestic/domesticate	something converted or adapted to make fit for cultivation and service to humans (noun)/make fit for cultivation and service to humans (verb); tame plants and animals	33
7093103572	dynasty/dynastic	a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family	34
7093103573	edict	a formal or authoritative proclamation	35
7093103574	egalitarian	favors social equality	36
7093103575	elite	a group or class of persons enjoying superior intellectual or social or economic status	37
7093103576	emigrate	leave one's country of residence for a new one	38
7093103577	epic	a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds	39
7093103578	ethnocentric	judges other cultures by comparing them to his own; centered on a specific ethnic group, usually one's own	40
7093103579	feudalism	a european political system in which a lord owned all the land while vassals(slaves) and serfs farmed it	41
7093103580	genocide	systematic killing of a racial or cultural group	42
7093103581	gentry	people of a good social position that are below nobility	43
7093103582	guild	a formal association of people with similar interests	44
7093103583	hierarchy	a series of ordered groupings of people or thing within a system; a system that recognizes or ranks things, often according to power or importance	45
7093103584	hominids	a primate of the family Hominidae; ape and human	46
7093103585	homogenous	all of the same or similar kind; corresponding in structure because of common origin	47
7093103586	ideology	an orientation that characterizes the thinking of a group or nation; a system of ideas; a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.	48
7093103587	imperial/imperialism	related to an empire/a type of government that wants to increase its size by force and extending rule over foreign countries	49
7093103588	indigenous	origination where it is found	50
7093103589	infrastructure	the basic structure or features of a system or organization	51
7093103590	lineage	everyone who descends from a particular ancestor; the kinship relation between an individual and the individuals' progenitors	52
7093103591	linguistic	consisting of or related to language	53
7093103592	manifest	clearly revealed to the mind or the sense or judgement; to notice (verb)	54
7093103593	maritime	relating to or involved ships or shipping or navigation or seamen	55
7093103594	martial	suggesting war or military life	56
7093103595	matrilineal	based on or tracing descent though the female line	57
7093103596	mercenary	a person hired to fight for another country than their own	58
7093103597	monarchy	an autocracy governed by someone who usually inherits the authority; king/queen	59
7093103598	monopoly/monopolize	a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller; exclusive ownership or control of something	60
7093103599	monotheism	belief in a single god	61
7093103600	mystical	having an import not apparent to the sense nor obvious to the intelligence; beyond ordinary understanding	62
7093103601	nation-state	a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent.	63
7093103602	neo	recent or new	64
7093103603	Neolithic	latest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the middle east	65
7093103604	nomadic	a lifestyle traveling from place to place; migratory	66
7093103605	oligarchy	a political system governed by a few people (noun)	67
7093103606	pantheon	a temple to all the gods	68
7093103607	papal/papacy	of or relating to the pope/ the government of the Roman Catholic Church	69
7093103608	parliament/parliamentary system	a legislative assembly in certain countries; like a congress	70
7093103609	pastoral	devoted to raising sheep or cattle; used with regard to idealized country life; concerning or appropriate to the giving of spiritual guidance.	71
7093103610	patriarchal	characteristic of a form of social organization in which the male is the family head and title is traced through the male line	72
7093103611	patrilineal	based on or tracing descent through the male line	73
7093103612	patronage	the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers; support given by customers to a business	74
7093103613	peasant	one of a class of agricultural laborers; a country person	75
7093103614	pharaoh	the title of the ancient Egyptian Kings	76
7093103615	piety/pious	devotion to god/having or showing or expressing reverence for a deity	77
7093103616	polity	a form of government of a social organization; a group of any size or shape	78
7093103617	polygamy	having more than one spouse at a time	79
7093103618	polytheism	belief in multiple gods	80
7093103619	proselytize	to convert someone to another faith or religion	81
7093103620	provincial	associated with a local place; small-town-ish; less worldly (adjective)/inhabitant of an empire	82
7093103621	regent	someone who rules during the absence of the country's monarch	83
7093103622	republic	a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.	84
7093103623	rhetoric/rhetorical	study of the technique and rules for using language effectively; intended to persuade/ of or concerning the art of persuasion; the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques.	85
7093103624	sedentary	requiring sitting or little activity	86
7093103625	serf	a person who is forced to work on the land and owned by the feudal lord	87
7093103626	Sharia	the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed	88
7093103627	Sinification	to make Chinese in character or bring under Chinese influence	89
7093103628	state	a politically organized body of people under a single government; the way something is with respect to its main attributes	90
7093103629	steppe	extensive plain without trees	91
7093103630	stratification	forming of layers, classes and other things; a particular way of arranging seeds	92
7093103631	Sub-Saharan	of or relating to or situated in the region south of the Sahara Desert	93
7093103632	subordinate	an assistant subject to the authority or control of another; lower in rank or importance	94
7093103633	succession	acquisition of property by descent or by will; the action or process of inheriting a title, office, property, etc.; a group of people or things arranged or following in order; a number of people or things sharing a specified characteristic and following one after the other.	95
7093103634	syncretism	the union (or attempted fusion) of different systems of thought or belief (especially in religion or philosophy)	96
7093103635	textiles	artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers	97
7093103636	theocracy	a political unit governed by a deity (or by officials thought to be divinely guided)	98
7093103637	theology	the systematic study of religion	99
7093103638	totalitarian	characterized by a government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control	100
7093103639	tributary state	state that is subordinate to a more powerful neighbor	101
7093103640	tyranny	government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator; cruel and oppressive government or rule.	102
7093103641	urban/urbanize	relating to or concerned with a city or densely populated area/ to move to a city	103
7093103642	usurp	seize and take control without authority and possibly with force	104
7093103643	vernacular	the everyday speech of the people	105

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AP World History timeline Flashcards

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6878296363	beginnings of agriculture	8000 B.C.E.	0
6878296364	beginning of bronze age	3000 B.C.E. (Indus Valley)	1
6878296365	Hammurabi's code	1754s BCE (ancient Mesopotamia)	2
6878296366	Phoenician alphabet	1500 B.C.E.	3
6878296367	Iron age	1300 B.C.E. (central Europe)	4
6878296368	Greek golden age (philosophers)	400s BCE	5
6878296369	Alexander the great	323 B.C.E. (Macedon)	6
6878296370	Qin unified China	221 BCE	7
6878296371	beginning's of Christianity	32 CE (Israel)	8
6878296372	end of Pax Romana	180 CE (Rome)	9
6878296373	end of han dynasty	220 CE (E. China)	10
6878296374	Roman capital moved to Constantinople	333 (present day Istanbul)	11
6878296375	beginning of trans Saharan trade routes	300s	12
6878296376	fall of Rome	476	13
6878296377	justinian rule of Byzantine Empire	527	14
6878296378	Assyrian empire	900 B.C.E. through 600 CE (N. Iraq + SE. Turkey)	15
6878296379	rise of Islam	632 (Saudi Arabia)	16
6878296380	Battle of tours (end of Muslim move into France)	732 (SW France)	17
6878296381	first schism in Christian church	1054	18
6878296382	Norman conquest of England	1066	19
6878296383	Battle of Manzikert (Seljuq Turks defeat byz.)	1071 (near Manzikert/modern day Turkey)	20
6878296384	first crusade	1095 (Eurasia)	21
6878296385	mongols sack Baghdad	1258 (present day Iraq)	22
6878296386	Marco polo travels	1271 through 1295 (Asia)	23
6878296387	Mansa Musa's pilgrimage	1324 (Africa to Middle East)	24
6878296388	travels of Ibn Battuta	1325 through 1349 (Afro-Euroasia)	25
6878296389	bubonic plague in Europe	1347 through 1348	26
6878296390	end of Zheng He's voyages	1433 (Indian/Pacific Oceans)	27
6878296391	rise of Ottomans	1433	28
6878296392	ottoman capture Constantinople	1453	29
6878296393	Dias rounded Cape of good hope	1488 (Portugal-Spain)	30
6878296394	Columbus sailed the ocean blue and reconquista of Spain	1492	31
6881263564	slaves to America	1502	32
6881405725	Martin Luther 95 theses	1517	33
6881405726	cortes conquered the Aztecs	1521	34
6881405727	Pizarro toppled the Inca	1533	35
6881405728	Naval defeat of Ottomans	1571	36
6881405729	defeat of the Spanish Armada by the British	1588	37
6881405730	Battle of Sekigahara (beginning of Tokugawa)	1600	38
6881405731	unsuccessful ottoman siege of Vienna	1683	39
6881405732	glorious Revolution and English bill of rights	1689	40
6881405733	industrial revolution	1760- 1840	41
6881405734	French and Indian war	1754-1763	42
6881405735	American revolutions	1776	43
6881405736	French revolutions	1789 to 1799	44
6881405737	first opium war in China	1839 through 1842	45
6881405738	Berlin conference	1884 through 1885	46
6881405739	Spanish American war	1898	47
6881405740	World war one	1914	48
6881405741	Russian Revolution	1917	49
6881405742	Treaty of Versailles (end of WW1)	1919	50
6881405743	stock market crash	1929	51
6881405744	germans invaded Poland	1931	52
6881405745	Pearl harbor (entry of US in World War II)	1961	53
6881405746	end of World War II	May 1945	54
6881405747	birth of Israel	1948	55
6881405748	Chinese communist revolution's	1949	56
6881405749	Korean war	1950-1953	57
6881405750	Vietnamese defeat French	1954	58
6881405751	cuban missile crisis	1962	59
6881405752	fall of USSR	1991	60
6881405753	911 attacks	September 2001	61

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AP World History Regions Flashcards

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6814432584	North Africa	Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco	0
6814432585	West Africa	Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo, Benin	1
6814432586	East Africa	Kenya, Tanzania, Somalia, Ethiopia, Mozambique	2
6814432587	Equatorial Africa	Congo, Rwanda, Sudan	3
6814432588	Southern Africa	Angola, Republic of South Africa, Zimbabwe	4
6814432589	Middle East	Turkey, Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq	5
6814432590	East Asia	China, Japan, Korea	6
6814432591	South Asia	India, Pakistan, Afghanistan	7
6814432592	Southeast Asia	Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia, Phillipines	8
6814432593	Latin America	Mexico, Honduras, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Cuba	9

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AP WORLD HISTORY-CHAPTER 8 Flashcards

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6745938690	Confucious	1. Educator and political advisor. 2. Sayings were compiled in the Analects by his disciples in history. 3. Related to culture and economics because of his teachings and advising. 4. Like Gandhi, Confucius strives to create his own religion by tweaking small issues instead of following unwanted beliefs.	0
6745957876	Confucian Ideas	-Ideas that were moral and ethical in character -Very practical and demonstrated how to restore political and social order. -focused on the forming of junzi (superior individuals) -edited the Zhou classics for his disciples to study -Similar to Ghandis principles and teaching because they provided guidelines for people following this path of influence.	1
6746012793	Key Confucian values	-Ren (a sense of humanity, kindness, benevolence) -Li (a sense of propriety, courtesy, respect, deference to elders) -Xiao (filial piety, familial obligation) -Cultivate personal morality and junzi to bring order to China -The key Confucian values relate to many other cultures in societies throughout history because like the Christian bible, Confucianism has morals and written values to follow in this world.	2
6746034577	Mencius (372-289 B.C.E.)	-Spokesman for the Confucian school -Believed in the goodness of human nature (ren) -Many Chinese followed his form of ren for peace and well-being of nature all throughout history. -This term would specifically be cultural because ren was a form of Chinese traditions/culture. -Mencius's teachings are the opposite to Xunzi -Mencius believes in good human nature and Xunzi believes humans are selfish.	3
6746055627	Xunzi (298-238 B.C.E.)	-Written by Xunzi or Xun Kuang -Had a less positive view of nature -Believed that humans selfishly pursue own interests -Preferred harsh social discipline to bring order to society, therefore throughout history similar techniques were used for discipline as a result of teachings found in the Xunzi. -Pushed people to strive for moral education and good public behavior -This term could be considered cultural or social. -Cultural because of it's views on nature and humans (life). -Social because of the harsh discipline the Xunzi enforced. -The Xunzi's teachings are similar to those of the Bible because like christians follow laws and ideas in the Bible, Chinese follow ideas and teachings in the Xunzi.	4
6753127606	Sima Qian	-Head astrologer for the Han dynasty emperor Wu - known as the "Father of history" because of his written works telling Chinese history. -Influenced socially because of his work "Records of the Grand Historian" which told of Chinese past, thus giving him the name "Father of History". -Similar to Ghandi, Sima Qian was a transmitter of teachings. Both Ghandi and Sima communicated teachings to people of their society.	5
6753256654	Daoism	-Chinese philosophy based on the teachings of Laozi -people should turn to nature and give up their worldly concerns -Throughout history doaism has been a major form of religion in China -cultural theme because it was a major form of religious teachings - It's similar to Buddhism because the two religions construct temples, shrines and monasteries for religious practices.	6
6753260124	Legalism	-Chinese philosophy developed by Hanfeizi -Humans are naturally evil and therefore need to be ruled by harsh laws -Important because many countries follow this legalistic ruling technique. (Korea and somewhat the US) -Economic or cultural theme because it is practiced by countries as laws because of behavior of humans. -Similar to communism in the sense that they both are strictly given harsh laws for the government.	7
6753264109	Analects	- records of the thinker and philosopher Confucius and his disciples -Analects have survived until todays time and can be followed by people who agree with Confucius's terms and teachings -Cultural theme because it follows practices of Confucius and his teachings. -Similar to the Bible because they both tell of teachings of thee main person in the text. the Bible tells of Jesus Christ and his journeys while the analects describe Confucius journey.	8
6753267822	Ren	-Showing kindness or a sense of humanity for Confucianism. -Today Chinese practice ren as a result of ancient practices passed on through generations -cultural theme because the practice of ren has been passed down through families for generations. -Similar to quote from the Christian Bible "love your neighbor as thy self"	9
6753277561	Xiao	-Filial Piety - the belief of respecting your ancestors -Major practice followed by Chinese in a similar respect to ren. -cultural theme because the practice was passed on through families for generations. -similar to Christian Bible commandment "respect your father and mother" because they both clarify that the people you come from deserve to be respected.	10
6753275514	Li	-Propriety - You should behave in an appropriate fashion treating everyone equally with special respect towards elders or superiors. -Also in the same area as ren and Filial Piety in saying that kindness and respect should be practiced. -Cultural theme because it was a practice by religious groups and families. -Similar to a mix between christianity and communism because like communism it places the belief that everyone is created equal and like christianity you should respect those above you.	11
6753272888	Junzi	-Confucian "superior individuals" or the "ideal man" -Followed teachings of ren -Important because Confucius labeled these as the ideal men. -Social theme because it was a high the rank of man in society because of their kindness and generosity according to Confucius. -Similar to priest in roman times because they were both the nicest and "pure" people.	12
6754434814	Laozi	-the "elder one" who encouraged people to give up worldly desires in favor of nature -This was important because he founded Taoism (Daoism) -Cultural theme because of the removing oneself from world desires for nature. This is similar to teachings of christianity because Christians believe that worldly possessions aren't important compared to life after death.	13
6754482520	Daodejing	-The central text of Daoism -translated as The Way and Its Power. -Important in history because it was the teachings for doasistic religion. -Cultural theme because it deals with religious practices. -Similar to the Christian Bible because it is basically the Daoist Bible	14
6754482521	Wuwei	-Not reacting to something. -the preferred Daoist path of least resistance -allowing things to run their natural course -Important in history because it was associated with ren and the Daodejing -Cultural or environmental because it allowed environmental problem to work themselves out and was a cultural practice. -similar to Christianity teaching of hope and faith that things will work themselves out because they happen for a reason.	15
6754486496	Zhuangzi	-The author of a book called the Zhuangzi It was important in this historic time period and still today because it was the foundation of texts in daoism. -The usefulness of the useless and the relativity of ordinary distinctions. -Cultural because it pushed the practices of Daoism. -Also similar to christianity teachings because christians had a set of rules they needed to follow similar to those of the taoist religion.	16
6754655910	Shang Yang	-founder of legalism -minister to the duke of qin -Important because he created a lasting for of ruling that has lasted until todays time. -Economic term because it provided a lasting technique of ruling that put humans under harsh rulings -This is similar to the Confucius because the both strived to create unselfish foundations when humans don't come first.	17
6754720028	The Book of Lord Shang	-A book consisting of Shang Yang's rules -Important in history because it established the structure of legalism -Social/economic technique because it was a book of rules followed in legalistic techniques. -This is similar to the Bible in the christian religion because it provided guidelines to follow for legalism like the Bible did for Christianity.	18
6754796521	The Yellow Turban Uprising	-a revolt that made people rage throughout china over land distribution -It was important in history because it tested the resilience of the Han state. -Social theme because it involved creating a social stand and created uprising in the people of the Han. -This is similar to The Boston tea party because they both symbolized resistance.	19
6754801417	Wang Mang	-interrupted Han rule to rule China -tried helping the poor by establishing granaries and land reform. -important in history because he increased support of the lower class. Social/economic theme because he went into a government ruling position but helped the people to establish a better life for them. -This is similar to many roman or bible time stories where Jesus Christ helps those in need or of lower standards.	20
6754804549	Ban Zhao	-one of the most well known women that gained status in Han China -She was an important person in history because she was a Confucian scholar and writer who wrote poems and essays and the history of the Han dynasty. -This is a social structured theme because it proved women could hold a higher status in china whereas they were used to the man leading over the families. -This was similar to times in U.S. history during WWI because women finally started taking on roles in society.	21
6754804550	Maodun	-The most successful leader of the Xiongnu -It was important at the time because it was one of the first times china was given strict military discipline. -this is a economic issue because it deal with the strengthening of chinas military forces and government. -This was similar to the times of the Persians because the Persians were a military reliant group and china attempted to take this form under Maodun.	22
6754807762	Xiongnu	-nomads who were defeated by Wudi. -Lived in the steppes or grasslands north of China. -They were important during the time because they were one of the biggest threats to security of the Han Dynasty. -this is considered an economic theme because they were a problem to security of the Han Dynasty. -This was similar to mongols because the mongols were threatening to anyone in their way.	23
6754810020	Han Wudi	-Most important Han Emperor. -It was an important part of history because it expanded the Empire in every direction and created the Civil Service System and established Public Schools. -This is an economic theme because he was a ruler that placed many new things into the economy to help the society grow as a whole. -This was similar to the U.S. giving women rights to an education because in both instances people were given the right to knowledge and free education.	24
6754810021	Liu Bang	-helped overthrow Qin dynasty and was born a peasant that worked his way up to emperor -He was an important part of history because he was the first emperor of the Han dynasty and experienced living in all social classes -Social/economic theme -because he began in the lowest class and experienced all different levels of society. -This is similar to many roman officials and how they would get chosen or have to work their way through society to get to their position.	25
6754812614	Han Dynasty	(202 BC - 220 AD) -dynasty started by Lui Bang -It was an important part of history because it was a great and long-lasting rule that discarded harsh policies of the Qin dynasty and adopted Confucian principles. -Han rulers chose officials who passed the civil service exams rather than birth -it was a time of prosperity Economic theme because they created a society that was different from past harsh rulings and was a long-lasting civilization. -Similar to Athens because they both didn't primarily focus on military. They rather focused on pleasant lifestyles.	26
6754812615	Qin Shihuangdi	-united China and was hated by people. He buried himself with the terracotta soldiers. He placed a standard system of laws, money, and writing. He united China and Began Great Wall of China. -He was important because he built roads and China did well economically with signs of progress. -Economic theme because he boosted the economy of China through the creation of the standard system and Great Wall of China. -Similar to many other rulers like Attila the hun. They both were hated by the people they ruled.	27
6754815727	Qin Dynasty	(from 246 BC to 206 BC) -established the first centralized imperial government and built much of the Great Wall -They were important in history because they helped the economy in China thrive. -this shows an economic theme because this dynasty was a constructive and economically powerful dynasty. -This is similar to Athens and many other economically stable civilizations because economy was the prime focus.	28
6754815728	Han Fezi	-wrote the book on Legalistic philosophy -important book in Chinese history because it provided information on Hanfeizi's legalism techniques. -This is a economic/social theme because it was a book of teaching for the people to learn more about the economic legalism created by Hanfeizi. -This is similar to Ghandi's writings and books about his teaching's in society.	29
6755561658	Tomb of the First Emperor	-died 210 B.C.E. -Tomb was underground palace with army of life-size terra-cotta figures -Excavation of the tomb since 1974 -Important place of history because it allows todays people to see culture and get ideas of what life was like during the time when the terra-cotta soldiers were living. -cultural theme because people are able to see the culture and lives of soldiers during their time. -this is similar to king tuts tomb and cleopatra because of their mummification and preservation of things during their time period.	30
6755639889	The Great Wall of china	-Huge Wall created by Qin Shihuangdi -It was important in history because it was built to keep out raiding parties of nomadic tribes, such as the Mongols. -This is an economic theme because it involved protecting china from foreign invasion. -This is similar to the wall of Jericho which was also created to protect their city as a form of defense.	31
6755676001	Han centralization	-adopted Legalist policies - It was important because it built an enormous bureaucracy to rule the empire in which they continued to build roads and canals. Also levied taxes on agriculture, trade, and craft industries -This could be considered an economical theme because imperial monopolies produced iron and salt and they established a Confucian educational system for training bureaucrats. This is similar to the U.S. after WWI because trade increased and we began building canals and expanding the economy.	32
6755678262	Han imperial expansion	-Invaded and colonized northern Vietnam and Korea -This was important in history because the Han organized vast armies to invade Xiongnu territory (nomads from steppes) and the Han enjoyed uncontested hegemony in east and Central Asia -This could be considered an economic theme because by expanding their empire the Han increased economic stability -This is similar to Hitlers expansion because when he began to expand the economy of Germany stabilized also.	33
6755679945	Patriarchal social structure	-Women's subordination -Ban Zhao's Admonitions for Women -This was important for Chinese in history because children obey and honor parents and wives obeyed their husbands. -This could be considered a social theme because it classified the rankings in society for men and women. -This form of structure was seen in many other civilizations. For example Athens followed a strict patriarchal structure.	34
6755682050	Iron metallurgy	-farming tools, utensils, and weapons -this was an important part of history for china because it allowed for better crop production and agriculture. -This is an economic them because this new advancement in technology of farming helped production increase. -This is similar to the achaemenids iron because was a major technological advancement.	35
6755684597	Silk textiles	-sericulture spread all over China during the Han -This was important to history because it created many economic advances and technological advancements -This could be considered an economical advancement because it created many new jobs for people. -This is similar to the creation of the printing press by Martin Luther because it was new technology that boosted the economy.	36
6755686633	Paper production	-replaced silk and bamboo as writing material -This was an important advance for china in history because it allowed for writing to last longer and be produced more. -This would be considered either an economic or social theme because it helped production in the economy and allowed for many new writings and books to be produced. -This is similar to the printing press because the printing press allowed for the production of more books including the Bible, just like the new paper production allowed for more books to be preserved and created.	37
6755688410	Population growth	-twenty million to sixty million from 220 B.C.E. to 9 C.E. -This was an important historical time because China began growing economically and developing as a country. -this would be considered an economic theme because I'm most developing countries the first thing to get them to a developed country is a large population. -This is similar to the U.S. when WWI ended because our economy boomed right after a lot of women got pregnant.	38
6755693170	Expeditions consumed the empire's surplus	-Raised taxes and confiscated land of some wealthy individuals -This was important in history because taxes and land confiscations discouraged investment in manufacture and trade -this is an economic theme because trade decreased as a form of revolt resulting from higher taxes -This is similar to many other boycotts like the one on tea in the U.S. during the American revolution.	39

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