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cell

Cell Membrane

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Biology
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Membrane biology
Cell membrane
Membrane protein
Lipid bilayer
Membrane transport
Carrier protein
Semipermeable membrane
cell
Passive transport
Transmembrane protein
Red blood cell
health

Active transport - The transport of molecules across a membrane and against their natural flow; mediated by carrier proteins and requiring outside energy. Carrier protein - A protein responsible for mediating the active transport of molecules from one side of the lipid bilayer to the other. Transport is carried out by a conformational change that occurs within the protein that forms an opening for specific molecules to pass through. Channel protein - A protein responsible for mediating the passive transport of molecules from one side of the lipid bilayer to the other. Transport is carried out by its membrane-spanning hydrophilic structure which, when open, allows molecules to pass through.

Dichotomous Key: Protists

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Biology
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Heterotrichea
Flagellum
organelles
cell
Paramecium
Blepharisma
Stentor
Protist
Ciliate

Protist Dichotomous Key Name ___________________ Period ____ Date ______ Color the following protists green: 1,3,5,6 8, 9, 12, 13 Color the background: protist with cilia blue, protist with flagella orange, and protist in colonies yellow. Write the name of each protist in the box. Dichotomous key for Protists 1 Contains green pigment Go to 2 Does not contain green pigment Go to 3 2 Lives in a colony Go to 4 Does not live in a colony Go to 5 3 Has cilia or flagella Go to 6 Does not have cilia or flagella Amoeba 4 Colony is long and filamentous Go to 8 Colony is spherical Volvox 5 Has a flagellum Go to 7 Does not have a flagellum Gleocapsa 6 Has cilia Go to 9 Has flagella Go to 10 7

Campbell Biology Ch 6 Study Guide

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Biology
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organelles
Membrane biology
Cell Biology
cell
Endomembrane system
mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
plant cell
Ribosome
Cytoskeleton
Eukaryote
health

CHAPTER 6 A TOUR OF THE CELL Learning objectives: How We Study Cells Distinguish between magnification and resolution. Magnification is how large it appears, resolution is how clear. Describe the principles, advantages, and limitations of the light microscope, transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscope. Light Microscope: Visible light comes through the bottom up to the lens. Can magnify up to 1000x and study living cells, but cannot view smaller objects such as cell organelles.

chapter 27 notes

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Biology
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Biology
microbiology
Bacteriology
organelles
bacteria
Membrane biology
Archaea
cell
Prokaryote
Peptidoglycan
Gram-positive bacteria
Eukaryote
health

Chapter 27- bacteria and archaea Hypotonic hypertonic Lysis Mycoplasmas- bacteria that lack cell walls Gram positive bacteria- cell walls made of peptidoglycan Penicillin works on gram positive bacteria by preventing the synthesis of peptidoglycan Cell wall layers are: outermost is capsule, then lipopolysaccharide, then peptidoglycan, then phospholipids Cell wall is source of endotoxin Gram negative bacyeria- outer membrane with toxic lipopolysaccharides Plasmolysis- loss of water due to osmosis causes cytoplasm to pull away from cell wall Occurs in environments with high sugar content DNA should be located in the following to avoid cell death by adverse conditions, such as freezing, drying, or high temp: Nucleoid, endospore, plasmid

chapter 26 notes

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Biology
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microbiology
bacteria
Archaea
cell
Endosymbiont
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
organism
evolution
Peptidoglycan
Gram-positive bacteria
health

Chapter 26 Rooted Tree- has an ancestor common to all organisms on the tree Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species Node- spot where a common ancestor exists of branches coming off of it Phylocode method of classification- naming based on similarities Homoplasy- a trait (genetic, morphological etc.) that is shared by two or more taxa because of convergent evolution i.e. 4 chambered heart in mammals and birds Clade- a group consisting of an ancestor and all its descendants, a single "branch" Cladistics- grouped together based on whether or not they have one or more shared unique characteristics that come from the group's last common ancestor and are not present in more distant ancestors

AP Bio Study

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Biology
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RNA
Evolutionary biology
microbiology
Genetics
Protein biosynthesis
Abiogenesis
cell
Prokaryote
Photosynthesis
DNA
Gene

Biology, 7e (Campbell) Chapter 26: The Tree of Life: An Introduction to Biological Diversity Chapter Questions 1) The first genetic material was most likely a(n) A) DNA polymer. B) DNA oligonucleotide. C) RNA polymer. D) protein. E) protein enzyme. Answer: C Topic: Concept 26.1 Skill: Knowledge 2) Which gas was probably least abundant in Earth's early atmosphere? A) O2 B) CO C) CH4 D) H2O E) NH3 Answer: A Topic: Concept 26.1 Skill: Knowledge 3) In their laboratory simulations of the early Earth, Miller and Urey observed the abiotic synthesis of A) amino acids. B) complex organic polymers. C) DNA. D) liposomes. E) nucleoli. Answer: A Topic: Concept 26.1 Skill: Knowledge

A tour of cell

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Biology
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cell
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I. A Tour of the Cell A. All living organism have cell. B. Microscopes provide windows to the world of the cell. 1. A light microscope is the first microscope and it works by passing visible light through a specimen. 2. Then Electron microscope came that uses beam of light. It’s much powerful then the light microscope about small as 1nm can be seen. Then scanning electron microscope came out to study the detailed architecture of cell surface. It also uses electron beam to scan the surface of a cell or group of cells that have been coated with metal. 3. Transmission electron microscope is used to study the details of internal cell structure. With the cut specimens the electromagnets bend the electron beams to magnify and focus an image onto a viewing screen or photo.

Cellular Respiration

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Biology
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Biology
Cellular respiration
Metabolism
Cell biology
Plant physiology
Organelles
Respiration
Glycolysis
Cell
Mitochondrion
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Biology
cell
Mitochondria
ATP
Respiration
Cellular respiration is a cycle that occurs in both plant and animal cells. However, note that it does not occur in prokaryotic cells for they lack organelles. The first stage of cell respiration takes place outside the mitochondria and is called glycolosis. Here, glucose is converted to two pyruvates. Then through the Krebs Citric Acid Cycle, the pyruvate is changed to Acetyl-CoA and creates more ATP. Finally, the electron chain results in hydrogen ions being pumped out and then forced to diffuse back and in doing so, produce ATP through facilitated diffusion. In this manner, eukaryotic cells create ATP to power their cells.

How do cells divide?

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Biology
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Cell biology
Cell cycle
Cellular processes
Germ cells
Molecular genetics
Meiosis
Mitosis
Cell division
Spermatozoon
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cell
How do cells divide? There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Most of the time when people refer to “cell division,” they mean mitosis, the process of making new body cells. Meiosis is the type of cell division that creates egg and sperm cells. Mitosis is a fundamental process for life. During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its contents, including its chromosomes, and splits to form two identical daughter cells. Because this process is so critical, the steps of mitosis are carefully controlled by a number of genes. When mitosis is not regulated correctly, health problems such as cancer can result.

chapter 1 - exploring life

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Biology
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Digital media
Human–computer interaction
Information Age
World Wide Web
CNote
Ecosystem
Internet
Biology
Technology
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molecule
organelle
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
population
community
ecosystem


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