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Genetics

Biology

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Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Classical genetics
Cellular processes
Molecular genetics
Dihybrid cross
genotype
Punnett square
Chromosome
Genetic variation
Mutation
Meiosis
health

03.01 Mitosis Binary Fission Mutation Transduction Conjugation Transformation 03.02 Asexual and Sexual Reproduction Diploid and Haploid Cells Sex Chromosomes Meiosis Ova and Sperm Mitosis vs. Meiosis 03.03 Mendel Mendel?s Experiment Hybridization Mendel?s Conclusions Patterns of Inheritance Inheritence Self-Check 03.04 Probability Genetic Vocabulary homozygous heterozygous phenotype genotype. Punnett Squares Test Crosses Independent Assortment dihybrid Extended Genetics Multiple Alleles Codominance Sex Linked Traits Pedigree 03.05 Structure of DNA DNA Replication RNA and DNA Flow of Genetic Information Transcription-Translation The Genetic Code 03.06 Mutations Gene Mutations Genetic Variation Gene Expression Helpful and Harmful Mutations Examples of Mutations Cancer 03.07

Freshman Biology

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Biology
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Biology
biochemistry
Genetics
Gene expression
Protein biosynthesis
Molecular biology
RNA
Molecular genetics
Translation
Transfer RNA
Messenger RNA
Start codon
final review

THE BIG PICTURE DNA RNA PROTEIN Replication Transcription Translation Nucleotide Structure SUGAR Ribose in RNA Deoxyribose in DNA PHOSPHATE BASE Function of DNA Replication Produce 2 DNA molecules identical to the parent molecule Each will be distributed to 2 new cells during mitosis & 4 gametes during meiosis Two things can happen to DNA: Replication - so that the cell can divide Transcription ? so that the code for making a protein can be sent into the cell TRANSCRIPTION Function Produce a temporary RNA copy complimentary to part of 1 DNA strand mRNA will be used to take DNA code to ribosome & make protein Transcription animation http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/molgenetics/transcription.swf Steps (in Nucleus)

biology chapter 3

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Biology
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Genetics
Sex linkage
genotype
inheritance

Answersto Select Chapter 3 Problems. 3-12. a. 1/4 b. 1/4 3-15. These are typical characteristics of X-linked inheritance. Affected males transmit the mutant X chromosome only to their daughters. A carrier female will have both affected and unaffected sons as well as both carrier and noncarrier daughters. The carrier daughters (sisters of the affected sons) will transmit the mutant gene, but the unaffected sons (brothers of the affected sons) will not. 3-20. DNA from males exhibits one band and that from females two bands, which suggests X-linked inheritance. This can be verified further by examining the pattern of inheritance. Sons exhibit a band present in the mother, and daughters exhibit one band present in the mother and one in the father (which

biology 1

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Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Classical genetics
Philosophy of biology
Dominance
genotype
Punnett square
Complementation
Gene
Zygosity
Mutation
evolution
biology pdf

Key Concepts ? Inherited traits are affected by genes. ? Genes are composed of the chemical deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). ? DNA replicates to form (usually identical) copies of itself. ? DNA contains a code specifying what types of enzymes and other proteins are made in cells. ? DNA occasionally mutates, and the mutant forms specify altered proteins. ? A mutant enzyme is an ?inborn error of metabolism? that blocks one step in a bio- chemical pathway for the metabolism of small molecules. ? Traits are affected by environment as well as by genes. ? Organisms change genetically through generations in the process of biological evolution. ? Because of their common descent, organisms share many features of their genetics and biochemistry. Key Terms

AP Biology chapter 4 and 5 test

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US History
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Chemistry
Biology
Genetics
Biomolecule
RNA
Protein
Amino acid
Nucleic acid sequence
Uracil
Hydrolysis
Nucleic acid
Gene
health
macromolecules
Carbon Cycle

A.P. Biology: Chapter 4 & 5 Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. At which level of protein structure are interactions between the side chains (R groups) most important? a. primary d. quaternary b. secondary e. all of the above c. tertiary 2. All of the following nitrogenous bases are found in DNA except a. thymine. b. adenine. c. uracil. d. guanine. e. cytosine. 3. Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis? a. Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis breaks down polymers. b. Hydrolysis only occurs in the urinary system, and dehydration reactions only occur in the digestive tract. c.

protein synthesis

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Biology
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Biology
Protein biosynthesis
Gene expression
Molecular biology
Genetics
RNA
Translation
Messenger RNA
Transfer RNA
Genetic code
Ribosome
Gene
health

14.1 Structure of ribonucleic acid The genetic code Sequence of nucleotides in DNA forms a code that determines the sequence of amino acids in the proteins. In eukaryotes the DNA code is largely confined to the nucleus. The synthesis of proteins takes place in the cytoplasm. Sections of the DNA code are transcribed onto a single-stranded molecule called ribonucleic acid RNA. There are a number of types of RNA. The one that transfers the DNA code from the nucleus to the cytoplasm acts as a type of messenger and is called messenger RNA (mRNA). This mRNA is small enough to leave the nucleus through the nuclear pores and to enter the cytoplasm, where the code that it contains is used to determine the sequence of amino acids in the proteins which are synthesised there.

Ch03-Macromolecules-OnlineQuiz

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Biology
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Biology
Chemistry
Genetics
Molecular biology
Origin of life
RNA
Abiogenesis
Evolutionary biology
Amino acid
Protein
organism
DNA

11/8/13, 10:04 AMCh03-Macromolecules and the Origin of Life - Page 1 of 8http://qsg.qm4.qm3-assessments.bfwpub.com/q4/session.dll Ch03-Macromolecules and the Origin of Life completed Total score: 16 out of 20, 80% 1 of 20 Which of the amino acids listed below would, when incorporated into a polypeptide chain (not at the N- or C-terminus), make the charge of the polypeptide more positive? a. Alanine b. Arginine c. Aspartate d. Serine e. Cysteine 1 out of 1 Correct. Textbook Reference: 3.2 What Are the Chemical Structures and Functions of Proteins? p. 43 2 of 20 Nucleotides are composed of a. amino acids. b. nucleic acids. c. a phosphate, a sugar and a base. d. a base and phosphate. e. fatty acids and a base. 1 out of 1

Anatomy Chemistry

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Biology
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Chemistry
Biology
Genetics
Molecular biology
nutrition
Organic compounds
RNA
Amino acid
Nucleic acid
Lipid
Hydrogen bond
Acid
health
Anatomy Basic Building Blocks

Basic Building Blocks of Life Organic Molecules Organic molecules contain carbon and hydrogen atoms Both atoms can form hydrocarbon chains and rings The four major classes of organic molecules: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. ? Functional groups Functional groups are reactive molecules that usually contain oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur They are responsible for some of the unique properties of a molecule Some examples of functional groups Alcohols Aldehyde Amides Carboxyl groups Ketones Carbohydrates (basic building blocks of life) Carbohydrates These are organic molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen Their general formula is CnH2nOn Carbohydrates are a source of energy Carbohydrates are also known as sugars They have a suffix of ?ose?

Ap-Ap Biology Semester 2 Vocabulary

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Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Classical genetics
Philosophy of biology
evolution
Dominance
genotype
Introduction to genetics
Recessive
heredity
Punnett square
Gene
Environment

Semester 2: Biology Vocabulary Dominant - A comparative term, where one allele is expressed over the other True Breeding- The process of breeding of two organisms with an identical phenotype to procreate an organism with the same phenotype Recessive ? A comparative term, where one allele is not expressed over the other Sexual selection ? A process where mate is chosen based on certain characteristics or traits Homologous structures ? Structures that appear to be similar in different organisms, suggesting a common ancestry or an evolutionary origin. Selective breeding ? A process of breeding for a particular genetic trait Derived structures ? Structures that appear in the ancestor of a group or species, but do not appear in the other species.

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