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Biology

Taxonomy

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REVIEW OUTLINE ? TEST 2 CELLS/TAXONOMY CELL TYPES DOMAIN CRITERIA THE 6 KINGDOMS ? CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH THE MAJOR PHYLA CHORDATA VERTEBRATA ? MAMMALS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AMPHIBIANS, FISH HUMAN LINEAGE WE?RE UNIQUE AT WHAT POINT AND WHY? OPARIN-HALDANE MODEL ? PRIMITIVE ATMOSPHERE MILLER-UREY EXPERIMENT ? DETAILS OF SET-UP RESULTS ? WHAT DID THEY FIND? WHAT DIDN?T THEY FIND? CELL STRUCTURES CELL WALLS ? WHICH ONES? PLASMA MEMBRANE STRUCTURE ? DRAW IT! LABEL IT! TRANSPORT MECHANISMS PASSIVE ACTIVE ? DIAGRAMS ARE IMPORTANT TONICITY ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM OTHER ORGANELLES GOLGI ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) ROUGH AND SMOOTH CYTOSKELETON DIFFERENCES IN ?FIBERS? NUCLEUS DOUBLE MEMBRANE ? WHY? PORES ENDOSYMBIOSIS

Chapter 1 Test Outline

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AP BIOLOGY DIGESTION/HOMEOSTASIS 75 Name: Pledge: 1. Distinguish between an incomplete and complete DS. Give an example of an organism for each. (6) Incomplete systems have one ?pouch like? cavity which serves as both the mouth and anus. There is one opening for mouth and anus. Organisms: hydra, flat worm, invertebrates With a complete system the digestive tube has two openings for the mouth and anus. As well, other sites for the different processes of digestion like the stomach and the bowels. Organisms: all other phyla: humans, animals, 2. Why are some proteolytic enzymes produced in an inactive form? (4)

Ap Biology Study Guide Semester 1

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Ecology 1. Describe the different classifications for the distribution of species Clumped most common animals herd around crucial resources or due to social factors, such as family prey often clump together to hide from and locate predators minimal space between individuals Lions, hyenas, giraffes, and elephants clump near water sources during Africa?s dry season Uniform space between individuals is maximized competition for resources direct social interactions such as territoriality Penguins exhibit aggression over their territory creating a uniform distribution some plants release a chemical that inhibits the growth of other plants in the area Random Least common location of one individual is completely independent from another

AP Biology Essay

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Genetics An organism is heterozygous at two genetic loci on different chromosomes. Explain how these alleles are transmitted by the process of mitosis to daughter cells. Explain how these alleles are distributed by the process of meiosis to gametes. Explain how the behavior of these two pairs of homologous chromosomes during meiosis provides the physical basis for Mendel?s two laws of inheritance. Labeled diagrams that are explained in your answer may be useful.

AP Biology Chapter 32 Assignment

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AP Biology Chapter 32 Assignment After reading this chapter and attending lecture, you should be able to: Trace the path of water and minerals from outside the root to the shoot system. Explain how a proton pump may affect mineral transport in plants. Describe the symplast and apoplast routes for the transit of water and minerals across the root cortex from the epidermis to the stele. Explain the function of the Casparian strip. Explain how solutes are transferred between the symplast and apoplast. Define water potential. Explain how solute concentration and pressure affects water potential.

ecology

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Ecology-A Study of Relationships Ecology means the study of the home Ecology is the study of organisms in their natural environment Biosphere is everywhere that life exists Viewing planet Earth from Space Satellites are an economical way to gather data; they have sensors, these gather data quickly from a very large region, and they last a long time Electromagnetic radiation Total ozone-mapping spectrometer Understanding environmental interactions allows us to predict the effects of human activity Biomes- Climatic Zones of Life Biome- a large geographic region determined by the climate and soil type Climate- average weather pattern over a long period of time Ecosystem- a Functional Unit Ecosystem is the Functional Unit because biome is too big to conduct research

Language

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Animals communicate - using protective coloration - limited communication schemesCommunication scheme: dance by bees in the interior of hives - roving scouts look for sourc of pollen and go back to the hive - dance indicates where the source of food is relative to the sun - speed of the dance relative to the distance of sourceVervet alarm calls - signal by chirping to companions - a non random signal companions with calls specific to a certain predator - deliberate, flexible, and limited

Social Development

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Preliminaries: why study development? Reasons to study development: reminder & to elaboration- understanding: to know a trait, know how it emerged: as a result of history and biologyUsing to treat disabilities, and to improve education - genes affect phenotype - The challenge: Social knowledge; social behavior: What do we need to know?We need to know the behavior and how it (change), the environment in which the behavior is changing, and biology (e.g. Brain)

AP Biology Campbell 8th edition Chapter 13 Study Guide

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STUDY GUIDE: CH. 13 MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL LIFE CYCLE AN INTRODUCTION TO HEREDITY 1. Explain why organisms reproduce only their own kind and why offspring more closely resemble their parents than unrelated individuals of the same species. -We pass coded information in the form of DNA to our offspring -DNA can change in increments -Within species there may be significant variation -The more distantly related, the more different 2. Explain what makes heredity possible. -DNA is copied and then passed -Inheritance is an orderly, quantitative process -Most often, matched sets of genes are inherited from two parents 3. Distinguish asexual and sexual reproduction. -Asexual- one parent, offspring=clone, DNA passed was grouped by mitosis, faster, simpler, less energy,

AP Biology Campbell 8th edition Chapter 12 Study Guide

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STUDY GUIDE: CH. 12 THE CELL CYCLE THE KEY ROLES OF CELL DIVISION 1. Explain how cell division functions in reproduction, growth, and repair. -Single-celled and other organisms reproduce asexually by cell division -Asexual spores, binary fissiion in bact., growth, breakage, and estab. Of vines -Growth may increase the sizes or numbers of cells -Wounding releases growth factors that stimulate mitosis 2. Describe the structural organization of the genome. -Organisms may have hundreds to tens of thousands of genes -Genes, controlling sequences, spacers, and junk are strung on chromosomes -Chromosome numbers -Bacteria may have one or a few circular or linear chromosomes -Eukaryotes may have one to >1000 linear chromosomes

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