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Biology

Plants

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Chapter 1: Principles of Life Concept 1.1: Living Organisms Share Common Aspects of Structure, Function and Energy Flow Biology is the scientific study of living things All living things have a single common ancestor Life as we know it had a single origin All organisms: All organisms are composed of cells and organic material (amino acids, nucleic acids etc.) Contain genetic information for protein synthesis and reproduction Convert environmental molecules into biological molecules Use external energy for internal processes Maintain homeostasis Replicate DNA to prepare for reproduction Maintain similar genetic sequences in the fundamental set of genes Change their genetic information according to changes in environment (evolution)

Chapter 3C Outline

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Psychology
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Kelly Krawczyk Psych Outline Unit 3C ? Genetics, Evolutionary Psychology, and Behavior Behavior Genetics: Prediction Individual Differences Genes: Our Codes for Life 46 chromosomes: 23 from mother, 23 from father Genes can be active (expressed) or inactive Environment can ?turn on? genes Most traits are influenced by genes Twin and Adoption Studies Identical Versus Fraternal Twins Identical ? have same genes but not always same # Most identical share placenta but 1/3 have separate Shared genes can translate into shared experiences Separated Twins Separated twins are almost as similar as twins together Twin-study gave more appreciation to genetic influence Biological Versus Adoptive Relatives Genetic relatives, environmental relatives Adoptees are more similar to biological parents

Chapter 4 The Developing Person

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Psychology
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Prenatal Development

In-Class notes ?13: Chapter 4 ? The Developing Person Three major issues: Prenatal Development and the Newborn prenatal development: zygote, embryo, fetus, teratogens ? Fetal Alcohol Syndrome The Competent Newborn ? rooting reflex, others: -Close-up: how do we know? habituation, novel stimulus Infancy and Childhood Physical development ? brain: neurons, maturation, infant memory (?infantile amnesia?) / retention? -motor development: sequence, but individual differences in timing Cognitive Development ? PIAGET; schemas, assimilation, accommodation, stages and terms (figure 4.1) -sensorimotor: object permanence; stranger anxiety -preoperational ? egocentrism, language, fantasy, expanding theory of mind -- versus autism:

mitochondrion

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Membrane biology
Organelles
Cellular respiration
Crista
Mitochondrion
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Cell
Biological membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum
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mitochondrion

Mitochondria are bounded by a double membrane. Each of these membranes is a?phospholipidbilayer with embedded proteins. The outermost membrane is smooth while the inner membrane has many folds. These folds are called cristae. The folds enhance the "productivity" of cellular respiration by increasing the available surface area. The double membranes divide the mitochondrion into two distinct parts: the intermembrane space and the mitochondrial matrix. The intermembrane space is the narrow part between the two membranes while the mitochondrial matrix is the part enclosed by the innermost membrane. Several of the steps in cellular respiration occur in the matrix due to its high concentration of enzymes.

Biological Molecules Graphic Organizer

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Lipdids Carbohydrates

Date: Name: Period: ? Please fill in the table below: Biological Molecule Organizer ? Biological Molecule Common Name Elements Present Uses by Living Things Monomer & Polymer Example Carbohydrates Monomer: Polymer: Lipids Not Applicable Proteins Monomer: Polymer: Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorous Stores life?s instructions Monomer: Nucleotides Polymer: Nucleic Acids DNA, RNA
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Chapter 50 Lecture

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Biology
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Ecology
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Outline of ecology
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biology ppt lecture

Chapter 50 Lecture Intro to Ecology CHAPTER 50 AN INTRODUCTION TO ECOLOGY AND THE BIOSPERE Copyright ? 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section A: The Scope of Ecology 1. The interaction between organisms and their environments determine the distribution and abundance of organisms 2. Ecology and evolutionary biology are closely related sciences 3. Ecological research ranges from the adaptations of individual organisms to the dynamics of the biosphere 4. Ecology provides a scientific context for evaluating environmental issues Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. Introduction Copyright ? 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Biology vocab

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Classical genetics
Plant reproduction
Plant morphology
Cytogenetics
Dihybrid cross
Gametophyte
Monohybrid cross
Sporophyte
Alternation of generations
Quantitative trait locus

alternation of generations autosome chiasmata clone crossing over diploid cell fertilization gametophyte genetics haploid cell heredity homologous chromosomes karyotype locus recombinant chromosome sex chromosome spore sporophyte synapsis tetrad variation zygote allele amniocentesis carrier character codominance complete dominance dihybrid epistasis F1 generation F2 generation genotype heterozygous homozygous hybridization incomplete dominance law of independent assortment law of segregation monohybrid P generation pedigree phenotype pleiotropy polygenic inheritance quantitative character testcross trait

DNA Technology and Genomics

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Biology
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Chapter 20 DNA Technology and Genomics Overview: Understanding and Manipulating Genomes One of the great achievements of modern science has been the sequencing of the human genome, which was largely completed by 2003. Progress began with the development of techniques for making recombinant DNA, in which genes from two different sources?and often different species?are combined in vitro into the same molecule. The methods for making recombinant DNA are central to genetic engineering, the direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes. Applications include the introduction of a desired gene into the DNA of a host that will produce the desired protein.

Decent with Modification

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On the Origin of Species
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: Darwinian View of Life?Lecture Outline Overview: Darwin Introduces a Revolutionary Theory On November 24, 1859, Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. Darwin?s book drew a cohesive picture of life by connecting what had once seemed a bewildering array of unrelated facts. Darwin made two major points in The Origin of Species: Today?s organisms descended from ancestral species that were different from modern species. Natural selection provided a mechanism for this evolutionary change. The basic idea of natural selection is that a population can change over time if individuals that possess certain heritable traits leave more offspring than other individuals.

Cell Division

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cell division

Cell Division Cell Division in Prokaryotes DNA is a circular chromosome attached to the inner surface of the plasma membrane like a rope attached to the inner wall of a tent Binary fission- Division of a prokaryotic cell into two offspring cells DNA is copied, two identical chromosomes attach to the inside of the prokaryote?s inner cell membrane A new cell membrane begins to develop between the two DNA copies As new material is added, the growing cell membrane pushes inward and the cell is constricted in the center A new cell wall forms around the new membrane and the prokaryote is split into two Each cell contains one of the identical chromosomes that resulted from the copying of the original cell?s chromosomes Cell Division in Eukaryotes

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