Biology

Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name _______________________ Period ___________ Chapter 47: Animal Development Overview 1. Before beginning this chapter let?s review the basic embryological stages common across a range of animal species. The basic embryological plan is zygote ? cleavage ? blastula ? gastrula ? organogenesis. Explain what each term means and how one stage leads to the next. Zygote: The product of a sperm and an egg fusing (i.e., fertilization) Cleavage: When a series of cell divisions divide or cleave the zygote into a many-celled embryo; typically rapid and lack accompanying cell growth, converting the embryo to a blastula Blastula: A hollow ball of cells that marks the end of the cleavage stage of an early embryo

Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name_____________________________Period___________ Chapter 52: An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere Overview 1. What is ecology? Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and the environment. 2. Study Figure 52.2 in your text. It shows the different levels of the biological hierarchy studied by ecologists. Notice also the different types of questions that might be studied by an ecologist at each level of study. Use this figure to define or explain the following terms: organismal ecology: Organismal ecology, which includes the subdisciplines of physiological, evolutionary, and behavioral ecology, is concerned with how an organism?s

Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. -1- Name_______________________ Period___________ Chapter 15: The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Concept 15.1 Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes 1. What is the chromosome theory of inheritance? The chromosome theory of inheritance is a basic principle in biology stating that genes are located at specific positions (loci) on chromosomes and that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis accounts for inheritance patterns. 2. Explain the law of segregation. Use two different colored pencils to illustrate the segregation of alleles. You may want to consult Figure 15.2 in your text, and model your sketches on this.

Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name_______________________Period___________ Chapter 10: Photosynthesis This chapter is as challenging as the one you just finished on cellular respiration. However, conceptually it will be a little easier because the concepts learned in Chapter 9?namely, chemiosmosis and an electron transport system?will play a central role in photosynthesis. 1. As a review, define the terms autotroph and heterotroph. Keep in mind that plants have mitochondria and chloroplasts and do both cellular respiration and photosynthesis! Autotroph: An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. Autotrophs use energy from the sun or from oxidation of