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Chemistry

respiration respiration

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Biology
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Cellular respiration
Biology
Biochemistry
Chemistry
Glycolysis
Anaerobic respiration
Oxidative phosphorylation
Electron transport chain
Citric acid cycle
Crista
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine diphosphate

1 B io F actsheet January 1998 Number 12 Respiration Aerobic respiration can be divided into four stages: 1. Glycolysis (G) 2. The Link reaction (LR) 3. Kreb?s cycle (K) 4. The electron transfer chain (ETC) These take place in different parts of the cell (Table 1) and the detailed biochemistry of these reactions is shown overleaf. Respiratory quotients The respiratory quotient (RQ) is defined as the ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed per unit time by an organism: volume of CO2 produced volume of O2 consumed Different substances give different RQ values Cellular respiration is the process by which the energy contained in organic molecules is made available for all of the active

Holt Earth Science Chapter 18, Section 18.1

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Environmental Science
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Chemistry
Physics
Nature
Phase transitions
Atmospheric thermodynamics
Gases
Thermodynamics
Materials science
Latent heat
Evaporation
Water vapor
Thermodynamic temperature

Water?s Changes of State Water exists in all 3 states of matter and is made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. In all 3 stages of matter, these molecules are in constant motion (higher temperature: more movement). Difference between 3 states is the arrangement of the water molecules. A. Ice, Liquid Water, and Water Vapor Ice is made of water molecules held together by mutual molecular attractions.They form a tight, orderly network and don?t move - they vibrate in a fixed position. When ice is heated, the molecules vibrate more, and when the rate of movement increases enough, the bonds between the molecules break, resulting in melting In the liquid state, the molecules are still tightly packed but move fast enough to slide past each other (this causes liquid water to be fluid)

Holt Earth Science Chapter 12, Section 12.3

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Environmental Science
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Chemistry
Physics
Nature
Nuclear physics
Radioactivity
Nuclear chemistry
Isotopes
Radioactive decay
Radiometric dating
Neutron
Atom
Radionuclide

Dating With Radioactivity It is possible to measure numerical values for the age of Earth?s geologic activities - in billions and millions of years - by using radiometric dating. A. Reviewing Basic Atomic Structure An atom has a nucleus with protons (positive) and neutrons (proton+electron combined = neutral) orbited by electrons (negative charge). Atomic Number = number of protons in the nucleus; each element?s Atomic Number differs. Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons. 99.9% of an atom?s mass is in the nucleus - electrons have hardly any mass. By adding together the number of protons and neutrons, the atomic mass of an atom is obtained. The number of neutrons varies (called isotopes; have different atomic masses).

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapter 5

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Biology
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Chemistry
Biology
Nature
Nutrition
Biochemistry
Molecular biology
Molecules
Nitrogen cycle
Biomolecule
Backbone chain
Amino acid
Protein structure

LEVELS OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE Primary Structure?the unique sequence of amino acids, type sequence and number; determines the other three structures It is held together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl group of one amino acid with the amino group of another amino acid B. Secondary Structure? regular repeated coiling and folding of the polypeptide caused by H?bonds between atoms in the polypeptide backbone (a hydrogen on a nitrogen and a double?bonded oxygen atom) see Fig. 5.20 p. 76 a. alpha helix? a delicate coil held together by hydrogen bonding between every fourth peptide bond b. Beta pleated sheet? where regions of the chain lie parallel to each other LEVELS OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapter 2

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Biology
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Chemistry
Nature
Chemical bonding
Covalent bond
Chemical bond
Ionic bonding
Chemical compound
Chemical polarity
Hydrogen bond
Valence
Molecule
Electronegativity

ELEMENT ATOMIC # ATOMIC WEIGHT VALENCE ELECTRONS COVALENT BONDS H hydrogen 1 1 C carbon 6 12 N nitrogen 7 14 O oxygen 8 16 P phosphorus 15 31 S sulfur 16 32 1 4 5 6 5 6 1 4 3 2 3 2 SPONCH Facts CHAPTER 2: THE CHEMICAL CONTEXT OF LIFE Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life ?Devil?s Gardens? Overview: A Chemical Connection to Biology Biology is a multidisciplinary science Living organisms are subject to basic laws of physics and chemistry One example is the use of formic acid by ants to maintain ?devil?s gardens,? stands of Duroia trees Sodium Chlorine sodium chloride- a compound Elements and Compounds Matter is made up of elements An element is a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions

AP Bio Lab - Diffusion and Osmosis

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Biology
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Transport phenomena
Diffusion
Chemistry
Chemical engineering
Psychology
Membrane technology
Human development
Psychoanalysis
Attachment theory
Osmosis
Molecular diffusion


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Honors Chem Notes - Bohr Models Dot Diagrams - powerpoint pdf

Subject: 
Chemistry
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Chemistry
Chemical bonding
Nature
Octet rule
Valence electron
Lewis structure
Bohr model
Energy level
Valence
Electron
Covalent bond
Chemical bond

I. Valence Electron ?Are the electrons in the HIGHEST energy level. II. The Octet Rule ?Most atoms tend to be more stable when their outer shell contains eight electrons. ?Atoms with fewer than 8 electrons are more reactive. Na VI. The Electron Dot Diagram ?Is a dot representing the number of electrons in the outer shell. What about Chlorine? Cl Na Cl 1 Electron in the outer shell 7 Electrons in the outer shell Let?s think??? What is the pattern? Assignment ?Complete worksheet on Electron Dot Diagrams!! ?This will be due next class!!

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