| CourseNotes

HIST 1302 Test #2, Ch. 21-24 (CTC) Flashcards

2692425723	Who were the Progressives?	middle class people, some where politically corrupt that thought technology was the solution to societies problems. They wanted to purge Laissez-faire out of the govt. and break up trusts or control them.	0
2692425724	Progressivism	An outworn philosophy of hands off individualism seemed increasingly out of place in the modern machine age. Society could no longer afford the luxury of the limitless laissez-faire policy.	1
2692425725	Muckrakers	reporters that exploit and sometimes exaggerate their reports	2
2692425726	Ida M. Tarbell	A pioneering journalist, published a devastating expose on the corruption within Standard Oil Company.	3
2692425727	Lincoln Steffens	New York reporter that launched a series of articles in 1902 in McLures Titled "The Shame of the Cities. Exposed the corrupt alliance between big businesses and the govt.	4
2692425728	The Ashcan School	A group of artists that saw themselves as Progressives and rebels who tried to tell the truth about the city.	5
2692425729	Progressive mind contradictions	Northern Progressives stressed individual freedom, must protect the weak...Southern progressives supported segregation, anti immigrant, strongly supported the prohibition.	6
2692425730	Radical Progressives	Karl Marx, Eugene V. Debs, Sigmund Freud	7
2692425731	City managers	hired experts that ran the city's various departments.	8
2692425732	Wisconsin Idea	Robert M. Follette-Honest Govt., Established primary system, involved top experts, used special commission to deal with issues.	9
2692425733	Direct primaries	Choosing candidates for president.	10
2692425734	Initiatives	The people write the proposed law.	11
2692425735	Recalls	When a governor is switched out for one that can do a better job.	12
2692425736	Referendums	Where the people vote directly on a proposed law.	13
2692425737	Lochner v. New York, 1905	Bakers, Maximum ten hour day.	14
2692425738	Muller v. Oregon, 1908	Women, Laundry workers, Maximum ten hour work day.	15
2692425739	Brandies Brief	Empirical evidence, based on observation and experience rather than theory or scientific fact.	16
2692425740	Adkins v. Children's Hospital, 1923	Women where equal to men and could no longer be protected by special legislation.	17
2692425741	"Bitter Cry of the Children" by John Spargo, 1906	His book described the thousands of 9-10 year old boys picking slag out of coal.	18
2692425742	Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire, 1911	146, mostly immigrant women, died making it the largest industrial disaster in the history of New York City.	19
2692425743	Women's Suffrage Movement	Challenged corruption, child labor, and abusive work conditions in factories and businesses.	20
2692425744	Major obstacles for The Woman Suffrage movement	Victorian morals and inhibitions.	21
2692425745	WWI's impact on the suffrage movement	The Great War exposed Wilsons hypocrisy.	22
2692425746	19th Amendment	Passed in 1920, approved by ¾ of the states. Gave women the right to vote; all women efforts lead to this.	23
2692425747	16th Amendment, 1913	Authorized federal income tax.	24
2692425748	17th Amendments, 1913	The direct election of senators.	25
2692425749	TR the Trustbuster	Keep the good monopolies, kill the bad ones.	26
2692425750	Northern Securities decision	1904, the Supreme court upheld Roosevelt's antitrust suit and ordered the Northern Securities Company dissolved.	27
2692425751	Square Deal	Miners got a 10% wage, 9 hour work day...Mine owners did not have to recognize the union, price of coal was raised to compensate for the increase wage cost.	28
2692425752	Hepburn Act, 1906	Set maximum rate, inspected the books of RRs, control other transportation companies.	29
2692425753	United Mineworker's strike, 1902	Higher wages, 8 hour work day and recognition of the union.	30
2692425754	How progressive was Taft?	He supported many progressive measures but he never absorbed the progressive spirit.	31
2692425755	Bull Moose Party	Political party that TR started to run for president.	32
2692425756	New Freedom	Triple Wall of Privilege; Stronger anti trust legislation, banking reform, tariff reduction.	33
2692425757	Underwood Tariff Act, 1913	Substacially reduced import taxes.	34
2692425758	Federal Reserve Act, 1913	Created a nationwide system of twelve regional reserve districts, each with its own central bank, all controlled by the federal reserve board.	35
2692425759	Clayton Anti Trust Act, 1914	Further strengthened monopoly laws, controlled merging of two competing companies, prohibited pricing discrimination.	36
2692425760	Limits to Wilson's Progressivism	against women right to vote, did not support African American civil rights, did nothing to prevent child labor.	37
2692425761	Niagara Movement 1905	political, social and economic equality.	38
2692425763	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, (NAACP), 1909	dedicated to the eradication of racial discrimination.	39
2692425764	Talented Tenth	only the top ten percent of blacks should be the true leaders of the black race.	40
2692425765	Imperialism	a nations policy of occupying and governing foreign lands.	41
2692425766	John Fiske	Superiority of American democracy, spread democracy through out the world.	42
2692425767	Josiah Strong	Spread Christianity	43
2692425768	Anglo-Saxonism	belief in the superiority of the anglo saxon race.	44
2692425769	"Influence of Sea Power Upon History"	by Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, 1890	45
2692425770	McKinley Tariff, 1890	ended tariff exemption status for Hawaiian sugar in the U.S.	46
2692425771	Queen Liliuokalani/Hawaii for the Hawaiians movement	Limit power from outside sources.	47
2692425772	Cuban Revolution's Impact on America	American public sympathetically supported the Cuban guerilla fighters fighting for freedom.	48
2692425773	Yellow journalism	Newspaper stories that are not necessarily true to make the stories seem more appealing to the public. Used to increase paper circulation prior to the Spanish-American war by exaggerating misdeeds of Spain prior to the war.	49
2692425774	Sinking of the USS Maine, 1898	266 out of 354 crew where killed on accident by an internal explosion.	50
2692425775	Spanish Minister Dupuy de Lome's letter, 1898	described the president as a "small time politician" and a "bidder for the admiration of the crowd.	51
2692425776	McKinley's Humanitarian Effort	his reason to justify America entering the Spanish/Cuban war.	52
2692425777	Teller Amendment	proclaimed to the world that when the US had overthrown the Spanish it would give the Cubans their freedom.	53
2692425778	TR's Rough Riders	all volunteer Cavalry Regiment	54
2692425779	Treaty of Paris, 1899	all rights to Cuba, Guam and PR, 20 million to the Philippines.	55
2701253487	McKinley's Dilemma over the Philippine Islands	He felt that the Filipino people were unfit to govern them selves if granted independence.	56
2701253488	Philippine insurrection, 1899~1902	Filipino nationals waged a guerrilla war against the Americans which lasted for three years.	57
2701253489	Platt Amendment	allows US to interfere in Cuban affairs for the preservation of Cuban independence.	58
2701253490	McKinley's Whiteman's Burden	to take care of all the "inferior" islands because they where not fit to govern them selves.	59
2701253491	TR's Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine	Us reserves the right to step into the affairs of any Latin American country to ensure that the Europeans did not when they defaulted on their loans.	60
2701253492	China's Open Door Policy, 1899	written by Secretary of State John Hayes, where free trade was promoted.	61
2701253493	Portsmouth Peace Treaty, 1905	ended the Russo~Japanese war.	62
2701253494	TR's Gentlemen's Agreement	Agreement between Japan and California schools, where Japan stopped sending immigrants and California reintegrated Japanese in their schools.	63
2701253495	Great White Fleet	16 US battle ships sent around the world to show Americas military might.	64
2701253496	The Panama Canal	treaty signed in 1903 between US and Colombia, where the US would pay Colombia $10 mil and $250,000 a year for the canal.	65
2701253497	President Taft's Dollar Diplomacy	By establishing economic treaties with Latin American countries, America could influence foreign governments without actually controlling them.	66
2701253498	Wilsonianism	Wilson believed America was different from all other countries, and that it had a duty to avoid isolationism, to spread democracy and capitalism around the world.	67
2701253499	Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand, 1914	was assassinated with his wife by Gavrilo Princip in their open touring car while visiting their newly acquired Bosnia territory.	68
2701253500	Failure of the Schlieffen Plan	troops that where intended to take Paris, where sent to fight the Russians that moved faster than anticipated. Missed Paris by 30 miles.	69
2701253501	Trench warfare	happened because of the failure of the Schilieffen Plan.	70
2701253502	Sinking of the Lusitania	1915, Germans sunk the passenger liner killing 1,200 passengers.	71
2702685942	Elimination of yellow fever	sprayed crude oil in ditches and drains.	72
2702685943	Sussex Pledge	Germany agreed to Wilsons demands and promised to stop sinking merchant ships with out warning.	73
2702685944	Wilsons campaign slogan	"He kept us out of the war."	74
2702685945	Farm Loan Act	1916, provided low cost loans based on agricultural credit.	75
2702685946	Adamson Act	1916, established an 8 hour day for rail road workers.	76
2702685947	Keating~Owen Child labor Act	1916-barred goods from interstate commerce manufactured by children under 16.	77
2702685948	Workingmen's Compensation Act	1916-Workers compensation for federal employees.	78
2702685949	Wilson's "Peace Without Victory" speech, 1917	was not taken in well by the allies.	79
2702685950	Bolshevik Revolution	workers rise up in the winter and over throw Czar Nicolas II and murder him and his family, Vladimir Lenin established a communist govt. in Nov 1917.	80
2702685951	Peace Treaty of Brest Litovsk	1918, peace treaty that ended the war between Russia and Germany.	81
2702685952	War Industries Board, (WIB)	1917, its job was to coordinate and manage the needs of the federal government with private companies.	82
2702685953	Hooverization	The food administration encouraged families to "hooverize by serving just enough", having wheatless Mondays, meatless Tuesdays and porkless Thursdays.	83
2702685954	Liberty Bonds	The government borrowed 20 billion from the American people by selling Liberty and Victory Bonds.	84
2702685955	George Creel propaganda	organization that recruited advertising executives, commercial artists, 75,000 public speakers and motion picture companies to help sway public opinion in favor of the war.	85
2702831716	Espionage Act	1917, made it illegal to aid the enemy or obstruct military recruitment, authorized the postmaster general to mail seemed treasonable.	86
2702831717	Sedition Act	1918, Illegal to say, print or publish anything disloyal about the government.	87
2702831718	Eugene V. Debs	was convicted under the Sedition act for a speech in Canton, Ohio urging resistance to the military draft.	88
2702831719	Schenck v. U.S.	Even thought Americans have the freedom of speech, that right can be curbed when it presents a "clear and present danger specially when a nation is at war".	89
2702831720	Advance reforms	Progressives where all on board to get ready for the war.	90
2702831721	Women in Wartime	served all the non combat roles to free up men for the war, over 11,000 women served in the navy in clerical duties.	91
2702831722	369th Infantry Harlem Hell Fighters	where awarded the French Medal Croix de Guerre for bravery in combat.	92
2702831723	America's Doughboys	where called that because they where naïve and full of energy.	93
2702831724	General "Blackjack" Pershing	Fight along side but NOT for the allies.	94
2702831725	2nd Battle of the Marne	1918, Germanys last big push which gets them with in 30 miles from Paris.	95
2702831726	Battle of Chateau Thierry	where the Americans stopped the Germans from entering paris.	96
2702831727	Battle of Argonne Forest	1918~1919, over 120,000 casualties, 1.2 million Americans fought the Germans in the thick Argonne forest, lasted over a month.	97
2702831728	11th hour, 11th day, 11th month, 1918	the day that Germany and America end the fighting.	98
2702831729	Wilson's 14 Points	was Wilsons blue print for world peace.	99
2702930299	Treaty of Versailles	1919, called for Germany be stripped of all it forces, pay 33 billion in reparations to the allies, Germany acknowledges guilt, but America never approves it.	100
2702930300	Irreconcilables	Sixteen senators that refused to support any type of League of Nations.	101
2702930301	Effects of the War on Europe	the end of Empires and European monarchies, formation of new countries, the dead.	102
2702930302	Effects of the War on America	Inflation, strikes, race riots, red scare, end of progressivism.	103
2702930303	A. Mitchell Palmer	Created the FBI	104
2702930304	Normalcy	end of progressivism	105
2702930305	National Origins Act	emergency act passed in 1924 establishing a quota system.	106
2702930306	Census of 1920~Rural vs. Urban America	over 16 million lived in small towns and villages of less than 2,500.	107
2705634247	Love and marriage	Married later in life, more for love than social or economic advantages.	108
2705634248	Modern look	cosmetic corporations were advertising to a mass market introducing new products.	109
2705634249	Margaret Sanger	Founded the American Birth Control League in 1921, viewed as a radical for distributing birth control literature.	110
2705634250	Flappers	young, dramatic, stylish, unconventional women; working women.	111
2705634251	Great Train Robbery	first film with a story plot.	112
2705634252	Vamps	silent film female stars with heavy eye make up that preyed on men.	113
2705634253	Charles Chaplin	greatest silent film star.	114
2705634254	Fundamentalism	Was an attitude of the mind, profoundly, conservative, rather than a religious idea.	115
2705634255	Scopes Trial	trial exposed the stupidity and the danger of the fundamentalist movement.	116
2705634256	Butler Act	Banned teaching of evolution in public schools.	117
2705634257	18th Amendment	1920, Banned alcohol.	118
2705634258	Volstead Act	passed to provide the federal government the necessary powers and funds for law enforcement.	119
2705634259	Sacco and Vanzetti Trial	1920, two men where convicted of murder for killing a paymaster at a shoe factory, electrocuted in 1927.	120
2705634260	Literary Trends	all focused on the disillusionment of many writers.	121
2705634261	Poets and authors of 1920s	Edna St. Vincent Millay, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Earnest Hemingway, Edith Wharton	122
2705634262	Marcus Garvey	Radical racist who believed that blacks should go back to Africa; established a corps of Black Cross Nurses.	123
2705634263	Henry Ford	designed the assembly line and the "Model T" Ford.	124
2705655743	Bruce Barton	consumerism equaled religion; Prominent New York advertiser, wrote "The Man Nobody Knows", 1925	125
2705655744	Bessie Coleman	first black woman to earn a pilots licsense, provided the foundation for the Tuskegee institute.	126
2706746956	Describe the multiple factors, which influenced America to adopt an imperialist foreign policy.	America needed to "get in the game" and claim land before all the colonies and territories would be taken; Darwinism, America believed it was superior than the rest of the world; Having a powerful navy.	127
2706746957	Get in the game	America had to buy territories before other countries could buy them all.	128
2706746958	Explain the causes of the Great War to include how America became involved.	creation of the German Empire; Alliance System; Naval Arms Race, Germany began to challenge England's historical dominance at sea; Nationalism, economic and imperial rivalries, everybody joining the military; Balkan Crisis, region in SE Europe made up of Serbs, Bosnians, Croats and Slovenes where seeking their independence. The Zimmerman Telegram, sinking of the Lusitinia. Unrestricted submarine warfare.	129
2706746959	Describe in detail the "Era of the Flaming Youth". Why did their image come to represent the new "modern" America?	younger people where attempting to create a way of life free from bondage of an authority that has lost all meaning.	130
2706746960	Charles Lindberg	first man to fly across the Atlantic in a single engine plane	131

Powered by Quizlet.com

Hist 1302 Exam 3 Review Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

1366542601	Hoover-Stimson Doctrine	- "The US won't recognize any nation created by force"	0
1366542602	Ludlow Agreement	high point of isolationist sentiment; failed; would require referendum for war	1
1366542603	Destroyers for Bases Deal	US traded 50 destroyers for leases on British property in Western Hemisphere	2
1366542604	Lend-Lease	FDR used a "garden hose analogy" to gain support for this measure (HR1776)	3
1366542605	Reciprocal Trade Agreement	allowed FDR to lower tariffs for nations lowering tariffs on US goods	4
1366542606	Quarantine Speech	FDR's gauge of public opinion for American interventionism; must proceed slowly	5
1366542607	Good Neighbor Policy	new direction in US/Latin America relations set aside Roosevelt Corollary	6
1366542608	Declaration of Panama	created a safety belt around N. and S. America with naval patrols	7
1366542609	Atlantic Charter	secret pre-war document expressing US war aims; later UN Charter	8
1366542610	Munich Agreement	British/French agreement to appease Hitler (Czechoslovakia)	9
1366542611	Manhattan Project	secret scientific project to create Atomic bomb during WWII	10
1366542612	Smoot-Hawley Tariff	raised the highest trade barriers in its history; did not protect American business as designed, but further plunged the world into an economic depression	11
1366542613	USS Panay	attacked US gunboat on China's Yangtze River, killing 2 US citizens.	12
1366542614	Johnson Act (Debt Default)	prohibited loaning money to any nation defaulting on its WW1 debt	13
1366542615	Tydings-McDuffie Act	independence for the Philippines in 10yrs	14
1366542616	National Origins Act 1924	imposed a quota system on immigration	15
1366542617	Social Security Act	began to plan for retirement for working Americans by deducting for pay	16
1366542618	National Labor Relation Act	created NLRB to protect worker benefits	17
1366542619	Norris-LaGuardia Act	Hoover labor bill to protect worker benefits in a depressed market	18
1366542620	Fourth Neutrality Act	allowed munitions sales on cash and carry basis	19
1366542621	Burke-Wadsworth Act	1st peacetime draft in US history; after Fall of France in June 1940	20
1366542622	Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928	AKA Pact of Paris; outlawed war but was unenforceable originally between France and US	21
1366542623	Hoare-Laval Pact	GB/FR allowed Mussolini to keep part of Ethiopia, just to keep him happy	22
1366542624	Four Power Treaty	Fr/GB/US/Jap agreed to respect each other's Pacific possessions	23
1366542625	Five Power Treaty	limited the growth of the world's greatest navies, but favored US/GB	24
1366542626	Nine Power Treaty	officially recognized the Open Door Policy as best for China	25
1366542627	Anti-Comintern Pact	It/Ger/Jap agreed to have nothing to do with a communist nation	26
1366542628	Tripartite Pact	warning to US to stay out of Europe or risk war with Axis Powers	27
1366542629	McNary-Haugen Bill	attempted to support farmers with cheap loans against their produce until the world market increased	28
1366542630	Judiciary Reorganization Bill	FDR's attempt to pact the Supreme Court with "yes" men; split the dems	29
1366542631	Bonus Bill	WW1 vets receive a bonus for WW1 duty paid in 20 years	30
1366542632	Patman Bonus Bill	attempt to pay the bonus bill early in 1932 as the Depression worsened; failed	31
1366542633	AAA	made benefit payments to farmers to limit production	32
1366542634	TVA	provided electricity at cost in competition with private power companies	33
1366542635	CCC	put males 18-30 back to work, promoting reforestation and flood control	34
1366542636	CWA	provided temporary relief through winter of 1933-34	35
1366542637	REA	provided electrical service to rural areas	36
1366542638	RA	relocated unproductive farms and inner city high unemployment areas	37
1366542639	NIRA (NRA)	business volunteered to practice fair standards and recognize labor unions; "We Do Our Part" and blue eagle	38
1366542640	SEC	all bonds and stocks must be registered with this regulatory agency; Joseph P. Kennedy	39
1366542641	FCC	monitored radio broadcasts and later T.V. broadcasts	40
1366542642	WPA	most detailed attempt at indirect relief under Second New Deal; created temporary jobs	41
1366542643	PWA	provided construction jobs until the private sector was running again	42
1366542644	RFC	provided indirect relief under Hoover; loaned money at cheap interest rates to large businesses	43
1366542645	FERA	provided direct relief to Americans in the initial phase of the New Deal; Harry Hopkins	44
1366542646	NYA	provided temporary summer jobs for young people until the private sector could return employment	45
1366542647	FDIC	insurance for banks; insured accounts up to $2500	46
1366542648	Schechter Poultry vs. US	struck down parts of NIRA, wage, and hour laws	47
1366542649	Butler vs. US	overturned the processor's tax which stopped the AAA	48
1366542650	Korematsu vs. US	justified restrictions on a particular ethnic group w/o due process of law	49
1366542651	Hirabayashi v. US	justified putting Japanese Americans in internment camps in war time	50
1366542652	Ex Parte Endo	limited the restrictions of Japanese Americans f individuals were loyal w/o doubt	51
1366542653	Big Three	GB/US/USSR-Churchill/FDR/Stalin-Allied Nations-Grand Alliance	52
1366542654	Fireside chats	FDR's radio announcements to calm the nation	53
1366542655	Day of Infamy	Dec 7 1941, Pearl Harbor Attack	54
1366542656	"Noble experiment"	prohibition	55
1366542657	Vichy Government	pro-Nazi government established by Germany after Fall of France	56
1366542658	Operation Overlord	2nd front; D-Day invasion; third major offensive drive	57
1366542659	Operation Torch	British/ American invasion of N. Africa to push Rommel out	58
1366542660	Battle of Stalingrad	turning point of European Theater	59
1366542661	Battle of Coral Sea and Midway Islands	turning point of Pacific Theater	60
1366542662	20th Amendment	"Lame Duck", shortened the time between election and inauguration, Jan 20th	61
1366542663	21st Amendment	ended prohibition negated 18th Amendment	62
1366542664	H.R. 1776	lend-lease	63
1366542665	Nagasaki/ Hiroshima	the cities on which the US dropped Atomic bombs	64
1366542666	Yalta Conference	high point of Allied cooperation	65
1366542667	Potsdam Conference	atomic bomb being given to main allies, under Truman	66
1366542668	Atlantic Conference	US and GB discuss common goals of their countries	67
1366542669	Declaration of Eastern Europe	FDR, Stalin and Churchill agreed secretly that USSR would enter the war against Japan because of the Allied planned invasion of Japan's Islands Fall 1945.	68
1366542670	Declaration of Potsdam	Called upon Japan to surrender unconditionally or face "prompt destruction" by a new weapon	69
1366542671	Aimee Semple Mcpherson	used new media to promote her 4 Square Gospel	70
1366542672	Jeannette Rankin	only member of House of Representatives to vote no to war with Japan	71
1366542673	Francis Perkins	1st female Secretary of Labor	72
1366542674	Ruth Bryan Owen	1st female ambassador (Denmark)	73
1366542675	Nellie T. Ross	1st female Director of Mint	74
1366542676	Margret Sanger	New York elitist nurse who fought for legalized birth control	75
1366542677	Amelia Earhart	1st female to fly solo across the Atlantic	76
1366542678	Clarence Birdseye	inventor of a good-tasting, quick food freezing process	77
1366542679	W. D. Griffith	created the first full length motion picture	78
1366542680	John Nance Garner	former Speaker of the House FDR's VP for 2 terms	79
1366542681	Henry Wallace	Secretary of Agriculture; FDR's P in his 3rd term	80
1366542682	Harry S. Truman	FDR's VP in his 4th term; 22nd president	81
1366542683	Walter Millis	wrote Road to War: America 1913-1917; munitions manufactures manipulated the US into WW1 to make money	82
1366542684	Gerald Nye	Senator investigating the thesis of Mills' book	83
1366542685	Francis Townsend	-advocate of Old-Age Revolving Pension Plan	84
1366542686	Harry Hopkins	FDR's chief administrator of New Deal direct relief agencies	85
1366542687	Huey Long	Share the Wealth Plan: guaranteed homestead and minimum income	86
1366542688	Charles Coughlin	New Deal Critic, not far enough; Jesuit radio priest	87
1366542689	Joseph P. Kennedy	First Director of the Securities and Exchanges Commission	88
1366542690	John Collier	BIA head; ended Dawes Act, Indian lands returned to communal ownership	89
1366542691	Albert Fall	first cabinet member to be imprisoned- Teapot Dome Scandal	90
1366542692	Clarence Darrow	agnostic who served on the ACLU defense team in Scopes Monkey Trial	91
1366542693	William Jennings Brian	fundamentalist lawyer who argued for teaching creationism over evolution	92
1366542694	John T. Scopes	teacher who helped create a national debate over theory of evolution	93
1366542695	Andrew Mellon	Treasurer of 1920s Republican presidents; tax policies created poor distribution of wealth	94
1366542696	Gov. Al Smith	1928 Democratic Presidential nominee hampered by his Catholicism	95
1366542697	Wendell L. Wilkie	politically inexperienced; Rep Candidate for president 1940; lawyer	96
1366542698	Marcus Garvey	Founded UNIA which promoted black pride, nationalism, and separatism	97
1366542699	Haile Selassie	Emperor of Ethiopia; asked the League of Nations for help against aggressive Italy	98
1366542700	Alf Landon	Only Rep Gov re-elected 1934, presidential candidate 1936	99
1366542701	Joseph T. Robinson	ran with Al Smith as his VP in 1928 election	100
1366542702	Charles Lindbergh	chief spokesman for America First Committee	101
1366542703	Dwight D. Eisenhower	Supreme Allied Commander in Europe; American general	102
1366542704	Douglass McArthur	Supreme Allied Commander in Pacific; American general	103
1366542705	Charles De Gaulle	leader of freedom fighters in France after its fall in June 1940	104
1366542706	Jessie Owen	Black American Athlete who embarrassed Hitler in 1936 Olympics	105
1366542707	William Allen White	Chief Lobbyist for increased aid to Allies 1930's (Rep news editor)	106
1366542708	J. Robert Oppenheimer	chief scientist on Manhattan Project	107
1366542709	Neville Chamberlain	British PM who though he achieved "Peace in our time!"	108
1366542710	Thomas E Dewey	mild interventionist NY Gov; Rep presidential candidate 1944	109
1366542711	A Phillip Randolph	labor leader who threatened a strike and mass march if blacks were not protected from job discrimination (Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters)	110
1366542712	John L. Lewis	labor leader; founded Congress of Industrial Organization; former UMW president	111
1366542713	John Maynard Keynes	British economist who advocated deficit spending in times of recession	112
1366542714	Bartolomeo Sacco/Nicola Vanzetti	Italian anarchists convicted of robbery and murder; illustrated fear of immigrates	113
1366542715	David Stephenson	#2 Klansman; convicted of causing the death of a women; brought down the Klan	114
1366542716	Sen. John Rankin	led filibuster against G.I. Bill of Rights	115
1366542717	Clement Atlee	replaced Churchill as PM of GB summer 1945 before the war ended	116
1366542718	Causes of the Great Depression	1. Tax Policies of Andrew Mellon 2. Overproduction of goods 3. Smoot-Hawley Tariff 4. Unwise speculation in the stock market 5. Over expansion of credit 6. Drought in Mississippi Valley Region 7. Unhealthy international Monetary situation	117
1366542719	New Deal Critics- Not Far Enough: Too Far:	Not Far Enough 1. Huey Long 2. Francis Townsend 3. Charles Coughlin Too Far 1. Liberty League 2. Communist Party USA 3. US Supreme Court	118
1366542720	Hindrances to Hoover	1. Extremely conservative Republican Congress 2. Overconfidence in business	119
1366542721	Big Three	1. Stalin 2. FDR 3. Churchill	120
1366542722	Axis Powers	1. Germany 2. Italy 3. Japan	121
1366542723	Justification for Atomic Bomb	1. Revenge for Pearl Harbor 2. Speed up the end of the War 3. Psychological warning to USSR	122

Powered by Quizlet.com

HIST 1301 FINAL EXAMS (4) Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

1441226727	How were man power shortages resolved in the North and South during the war?	they resorted to a military draft in 1862 - The South was said to have "robbed the cradle and the grave" - They drafted men from the ages of 17 to 50	0
1441226728	How did women gain new advances during the war?	They took jobs vacated by men who went to fight They helped with various government work Women were employed in the industrial segment -- Some women posed as men and became soldiers - Many served with their husbands, - Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell was America's first female physician - Clara Barton and Dorothea Dix played huge role - They both served as nurses for wounded soldiers - Clara Barton would go on to establish the American Red Cross in 1881 - In South, Sally Tompkins ran a Richmond hospital for wounded Confederate soldiers	1
1441226736	What happened in the Election of 1848?	Election of 1848 - President James K. Polk (Democrat) promised to serve one term - He was exhausted and accomplished his 4-point mission goals - He died of Cholera on June 15th, 1849 - Democrats nominated Lewis Cass - Served as a Brigadier General in War of 1812 (Battle of Thames) - He was a senator from Michigan - He was originator of "popular sovereignty" - Allowed settlers in a disputed territory - To decide the slavery issue for themselves - Whigs nominated General Zachary Taylor	2
1441226738	Other than California wanting to enter as a "free" state, what were the other issues of political debate in 1850?	...	3
1441226745	What did the Compromise of 1850 consist of?	First, California was admitted as a free state (31st) - Second, Texas-New Mexico Act created New Mexico Territory million for lost land - Third, Utah Act created Utah Territory - Note - In both New Mexico and Utah Territories - Popular Sovereignty would decide if future slave states - South liked and believed possible future slave states - Fourth, a new Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 catchers - Fifth, Washington D.C. (District of Columbia) banned slave trade - Slavery remained legal, while ending public slave auctions -	4
1441226750	The North-South "Tug of War" for the Kansas Territory led to what?	The North-South "Tug of War" for Kansas - Northerners began to move into the Kansas Territory - These were Anti-Slavery settlers - Southerners were outraged - They "assumed" Kansas would choose to be a slave state - March 30th, 1855 - Election Day for choosing a "temporary" government for Kansas Territory - Popular Sovereignty to be determined - "Border Ruffians" came from neighboring slave state Missouri - "Border Ruffians" were Pro-Slavery - They flooded the polls - Kansas elected to be a slave territory - Fraudulent government set up in Shawnee, Kansas - The Anti-Slavery settlers were outraged - These settlers refused to accept the election results - Illegal government set up in Topeka, Kansas Bleeding Kansas	5
1441226757	What happened during the Election of 1856?	Leading up to Election of 1856 - Pierce was extremely unpopular as president due to: - 1854 Kansas- Nebraska Act - Repealing Missouri Compromise of 1820 - Ostend Manifesto - Democrats, his own party, boasted "anyone but Pierce" - Pierce would die in 1869 from cirrhosis - He was an alcoholic - James Buchanan was nominated by the Democrats - He was from Pennsylvania - He was a supporter of Southern Rights and slavery - John C. Fremont was the first ever presidential candidate nominated by the Republican Party - He was hero from Mexican-American War - He helped lead the capture of San Francisco, California - He condemned the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act - He was Anti-Slavery and against its' expansion - The American Party or "Know Nothing Party" added as a third option - A secret organization that wanted to halt immigration into the United States - It had no official stance on slavery - When asked where it stood, they would answer "we know nothing" - They nominated former President Millard Fillmore - The campaign was full of name calling, mudslinging and threats - Buchanan claimed that Fremont was radical and would destroy the South - Fremont was definitely more "radical" than Lincoln in 1860 - Republican Campaign slogan for 1856 Election: - "Free-Soil, Free-Men and Fremont" - Fremont denounced southern "slave" power - Many Southerners threatened to secede if Fremont was elected	6
1441226758	What did Chief Justice Roger Taney rule in the Dred Scott Decision?	- He was from Maryland and Pro-Slavery - He wanted to end slavery issue for good - He said no slave could be a citizen of the U.S. - He said slavery could not be outlawed - Not even by Legislature or Congress - He claimed it violated the 5th Amendment - This protects a person's property from being taken without due process of law - He was saying slaves were property - Saying they were NOT people - He said Missouri Compromise of 1820 was unconstitutional - Though it was in effect for more than 30 years - In 1858, Dred Scott died a slave	7
1441226759	What was the result or results of The Great Debate between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas?	- In 1858, Lincoln challenged Douglas - Douglas was the nation's most respected debater (Little Giant) - Lincoln offered to duel him in a series of seven debates - Senator Douglas accepted - Lincoln proved to be his equal in the debates - The most famous debate came at Freeport, Illinois, on August 27th, 1858 - Lincoln asked, "Mr. Douglas, if the people of a territory voted slavery down, despite the Supreme Court saying that they could not do so (referring to the Dred Scott Decision) which side would you support, the people or the Supreme Court?" - Douglas replied "Mr. Popular Sovereignty" - This became Stephen A Douglas' "Freeport Doctrine" - Douglas would support the people - He would not agree with Supreme Court - Southern Democrats turned on Douglas - Also, Southerners decided that they would never support Abraham Lincoln - Lincoln lost the Senate election to Douglas - Illinois State Legislature decided - However, Lincoln made people aware of him - He would reappear on political stage	8
1441226760	John Brown's attack on Harper's Ferry, Virginia on October 16th, 1859 involved what?	John Brown: Murderer or Martyr? - John Brown planned to invade the South - He was to lead a slave rebellion in Virginia - They would take over the South after freeing all the slaves - John Brown was previously a part of the "Bleeding Kansas" violence - He led 21 men and raided Harper's Ferry, Virginia on October 16th, 1859 - They killed seven people, including a free African-American - The Southern Slaves did not revolt - President Buchanan requested Colonel Robert E. Lee to capture the raiders - Lee led 88 Marines and attacked on John Brown on October 18th, 1859 - 1 Marine was killed - 17 of John Brown's men were killed or captured - John Brown was captured - He was charged and convicted of treason - He was hanged on December 2nd, 1859 - Northerners saw Brown as a hero and martyr - Southerners saw Brown as a traitor and murderer	9
1441226764	What was it that the South was thinking that justified their decision to leave the Union?	...	10
1441226770	What precedents did Lincoln set by expanding the Executive Powers during his time in office?	- He proclaimed a Blockade of Southern Ports - He increased the size of the Federal Army - Congress is supposed to do. - He suspended Habeas Corpus -He had several Anti-Unionists arrested - Habeas Corpus (Layman's Terms) - protection of illegal imprisonment - Criticized by U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger - Lincoln threatened to have him arrested - He ordered Federal Troops to oversee voting in Border States - This created intimidation at polls - This was for Anti-Union citizens	11
1441226772	What were some of the economic differences between the North and South during Civil War?	offered immigration to those who would serve in army - More than 300,000 immigrants joined Union Army - These were primarily Germans and Irish	12
1441226773	When the South's weak transportation system collapsed, what did this specifically lead to?	The South's weak transportation system collapsed - Caused by few railroads and the Union Naval Blockade - Supplies of everything became scarce - At end of war, the South claimed only 12% of the national wealth - Their per capita income was now 2/5 that of the North - The Northern Captains of Industry...... ..... had defeated the Southern Lords of the Manor - In 1865, the South would be wealthy in only the following: - Amputees - War Heroes - Ruins - Despair - Memories of a lifestyle "gone with the wind."	13
1441226775	Which of generals did Lincoln fire during the civil war and did he fire any twice?	- His list of Generals for the Army of Potomac or Union Army near Washington D.C.: - Irvin McDowell - Served until July 25th, 1861 - George B. McClellan - Served until March 20th, 1862 - John Pope - Served until September 12th, 1862 - George B. McClellan - Served until November 9th, 1862 - Ambrose E. Burnside - Served Until January 26th, 1863 - Joseph Hooker - Served Until June 28th, 1863 - George G. Meade - Served Until replaced by Grant on March 2nd, 1864 - Ulysses S. Grant - Served through End of War	14
1441226781	Know these battles: Antietam, Bull Run, Gettysburg, Vicksburg	Battle of Antietam - Union General George McClellan moved 75,000 men to stop Lee's 45,000 men - The two armies met near Sharpsburg, Maryland on September 17th, 1862 - Union soldiers charged into Confederate lines near Antietam Creek - The Battle of Antietam had begun (Sept. 17th, 1862) - This would become the bloodiest day in American History - A tactical victory for North - Lee and the Confederates were forced to retreat - About 22,000 casualties for both sides (most would later die) - About 3,600 died on September 17th, 1862 - More than any other day in U.S. History The Battle of Gettysburg - The Turning Point Battle of Vicksburg - The mighty Mississippi River was vital to supplying the Confederacy - It separated Texas, Arkansas and most of Louisiana from the East (Virginia, S.C, etc.) - Union Blockade was effective - What few supplies came via Mexico, Texas and thru Vicksburg, MS - Lincoln said Vicksburg was "the key" and "the war can never be brought to a close until that key is in our pocket". - In October, 1862, Lincoln sent Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant - To take Vicksburg, MS - Vicksburg, Mississippi, was a fortified Confederate post - It sat on top of a high bluff overlooking the Mississippi River bend - 35 square miles of swamps, bayous and hills - Perfect for defensive positions - 172 artillery batteries and guns - 33,000 Confederate soldiers - Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton commanding	15
1441226787	What happened at the Battle of Gettysburg?	The Battle of Gettysburg - The Turning Point - After the Battle of Chancellorsville, Lincoln fired General Hooker - Lincoln replaced Hooker with General George G. Meade - Robert E. Lee decided to invade the North - This would be the second and final time Lee would do this - Lee was trying to put pressure on the North - Pressure on Washington D.C. to end war - In late June, 1863, Lee moved his Confederate Army (71,000) to Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. - The Union Army (93,000) took a strategic stand atop a low ridge - The Union Army had the "high" ground - It proved to be the difference in the battle - The battle of Gettysburg took place between July 1st and 3rd, 1863. - The Union and Confederate Armies fought for three bloody days - After two days of fighting, it was a draw - Heavy casualties on both sides - Lee gambled - Ordered General George Pickett on final charge - Into Union lines - Across a field and uphill - It was a slaughter - Confederates clearly defeated at Gettysburg - Casualties were heavy for both: - South - 28,000 casualties, including 5,000 killed - North - 23,000 casualties, including 3,100 killed - The South lost the "back-bone" of their Army - Lee's best troops were lost - Prove to be irreplaceable - Lee retreated what was left of his Army to Virginia - He would never again invade the North - After the battle of Gettysburg: - South was fighting a lost war	16
1441226790	What happened in Election of 1864?	The Election of 1864 - In 1864, the non-"Radical" Republicans joined with the War Democrats - They formed the Union Party - They passionately supported President Lincoln. - However, they wanted someone other than Hannibal Hamlin as Vice President -They chose Andrew Johnson, from Tennessee - The "Peace Democrats" or Copperheads, combined with the radical Republicans - They nominated fired General George B. McClellan for the Democratic Party - The 1864 was like other elections, just sectional - It would exclude the Confederate States - The Union Victories mounted - Grant in the West and South - Sherman taking Atlanta and his "March to the Sea" - Lincoln would win the election with 212 electoral votes to McClellan's 21 - With 2.2 million votes, Lincoln had about 400,000 more popular votes	17
1441226795	How was the Civil War America's supreme test of its existence?	- More than 620,000 soldiers died during the American Civil War, both sides totaled - The War itself cost more than $15 billion dollars in 1865 - Its unknown for sure how many civilians died - Most of America's youngest and best were lost - It was America's supreme test of its existence	18
1441226800	What was the "Invisible Empire of the South", when and where did it form?	or Ku Klux Klan An organization that scared African- Americans In Tennessee, 1866 - Note - Did not start burning crosses until 1920's	19

Powered by Quizlet.com

Hist 1301 - Exam 3 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

271370141	Immigration	German, Irish, and Chinese primarily.	0
271370142	Second Great Awakening	A series of religious revivals starting in 1801, based on Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through good deeds and tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and Native Americans. It also had an effect on moral movements such as prison reform, the temperance movement, and moral reasoning against slavery.	1
271370143	Abolitionists	men and women who agitated for a complete end to slavery. This pressure ended the British transatlantic slave trade in 1808 and slavery in British colonies in 1834. In the U.S. the activities of these people were one factor leading to the Civil War.	2
271370144	Yeoman Farmers	Ordinary farmers. Familes made up of vast majority of WHITE population. 5 or fewer slaves, most had none at all. They were next up on social ladder	3
271370145	Forms of Slave Resistance	breaking tools, working slowly, faking sickness, running away to the woods. new york revolt in 1712. louisiana revolt 1731. south carolina revolt 1739.	4
271370146	Paternalism	a policy of controlling a group of people in a "fatherly" way, for their own good, and providing for their perceived needs, but without giving them rights; often based on the idea that certain groups of people are "primitive" and need educating or reforming	5
271370147	Seneca Falls Convention of 1848	The Seneca Falls Convention was a women's right convention held in Seneca Falls, New York (1848). It was organized by local New York women and Lucretia Mott ( a Quaker famous for her oratory skills). The local women were mostly radical Quakers, but they organized the convention with Elizabeth Stanton (who was a skeptical non-Quaker who followed logic more than religion). Stanton and the Quaker women presented two documents: The Declaration of Sentiments and an accompanying list of resolutions. There was much debate over women's right to vote. Frederick Douglas argued for its inclusion, and the suffrage resolution was retained. The Declaration of Sentiments became the foundational document in the American's woman's suffrage movement.	6
271370148	The Alamo	1. In San Antonio, Texas, a volunteer army took control of the fort called the Alamo (a former mission). 2. Jim Bowie and others believed that saving Texas meant saving San Antonio first. 3. General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna surrounded the Alamo with 3-6,000 Mexican troops and demanded unconditional surrender. 4. Colonel William Travis sent out a desperate plea for reinforcements, but only 32 men responded, bringing the total forces up to just over 180 defenders. 5. On March 6, 1836, the Alamo was captured by the Mexicans and all of the defenders, except women and children, were killed. 6. Davy Crockett was among the dead. 7. Alamo survivor Susannah Dickerson was ordered to ride out and spread word of the Texans' defeat. 8. Mexico hoped that this news would stop further rebellion. 9. Instead, "Remember the Alamo!" became the rallying cry.	7
271370149	Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo	February 2 1848. The agreement between President Polk and the new Mexican government for Mexico to cede California and New Mexico to the US and acknowledge the Rio Grand as the boundary of Texas. In return, the US promised to assume any financial claims its new citizens had against Mexico and to pay the Mexicans $15 million.	8
271370150	Proslavery Arguments	Calhoun called slavery the most safe and stable basis for free institutions in the world. Slave owners invoked bible stories, the paternalist ethos, and more to support their claims that slaver was a good and necessary institution.	9
271370151	Treaty of Fort Laramie	an agreement between the United States and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota, and Arapaho Nation[1] signed in 1868 at Fort Laramie in the Wyoming Territory, guaranteeing to the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills, and further land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. The Powder River Country was to be henceforth closed to all whites. The treaty ended Red Cloud's War.	10
271370152	Sectionalism	Term used to describe the regions (Northeast, South, & West) and differing economic, social, and cultural systems and interest prior the Civil War.	11
271370153	Election of 1860	Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery. As a result, the South no longer felt like it has a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union., Lincoln and Douglas competed for votes in the North, Breckinridge and Bell competed in the South. Lincoln won, This crucial election decided whether Southerners would remain in the Union or whether they would secede. Four candidates ran on distinct platforms that provided answers to the slave problem. Stephen Douglas from the Northern Democrats supported popular sovereignty, while John Breckenridge from the Southern Democrats supported the Dred Scott decision. John Bell from the Constitutional Union Party supported the preservation of the Union by compromise. However, Abraham Lincoln from the Republicans won the election on his position to restrict slavery to where it already was.	12
271370154	Kansas - Nebraska Act	A bill proposed by Stephen Douglas to open the Nebraska territory for white settlement. The angle for this was to make that land safe to run the transcontinental railroad through, so as to pass through Douglas's home of Chicago, which would require going through mainly Indian controlled Nebraska. This bill passed, although with the provision that the new states formed would be able to choose through popular sovereignty as to whether or no they would be slave states. However, this also provided opposition, having repealed the Missouri Compromise. This spurred several Democrats, the Whigs, and the Free-soilers to amalgamate (combine) into one party to oppose the act, a party to be known as the Republican Party.	13
271370155	Battle of Antietam	McClellan's men found a copy of Lee's plans and were able to stop the Confederates on one of the bloodiest days of the Civil War. No side won, but it was the Union display of power that Lincoln needed to announce his Emancipation Proclamation.	14
271370156	Emancipation Proclamation	Lincoln issued it and freed all the slaves in the Confederate states, but slaves in Border States loyal to the Union remained enslaved. It only applied to states in rebellion (Confederate states). It led to slaves rebelling and joining the Union army and increased sympathy from Europe.	15
271370157	Freedman's Bureau	This organization was created by the federal government in 1865 to manage and assist the newly emancipated slaves of the nation. It provided assistance in the form of food, shelter, and medical attention to both African Americans and Southern whites. Established schools across the South and educated large numbers of former slaves. The organization struggled as President Johnson refused to increase its funding, and it finally expired in 1872.	16
271370158	Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna	was a Mexican general and dictator, who dominated Mexican politics for a quarter of a century. He was elected president, but didn't serve; instead he overthrew the government and established himself as a dictator. He commanded the Mexican army that stormed The Alamo during the Texas Revolution of 1835 and 1836 and killed all 187 defenders, but he was shortly afterward defeated and captured by Sam Houston's Texans.	17
271370159	Robert E Lee	Was leader of the Army of Northern Virginia, was offered command of the Union forces at the beginning of the war but chose not to fight against Virginia, opposed secession, but did not believe the union should be held together by force, and urged Southerners to accept defeat at the end of the war and reunite as Americans when some wanted to fight on	18
271370160	Jefferson Davis	From 1860-1865, he was the president of the Southern Confederate States after their succession from the Union. During this time he struggled to form a solid government for the states to be governed by. From the beginning, he lacked the power necessary for a strong government because the southerners believed in states rights. Aside from being sick, he worked hard with solidating the civil government and carrying out military operations. The truth of the matter is that no one could have pulled it off successfully.	19
271370161	Harriet Beacher Stowe	Wrote a novel called Uncle Tom's Cabin, published in 1852. It sold more than 300,000 copies within a year of puplication and was reissued again and again. It brought the message of abolitionism to an enormous new audience. She became a hero to many in the North, and in both regions, her novel helped inflame sectional tensions to a new level of passion.	20
271370162	Nativism	Nativism typically means opposition to immigration or efforts to lower the political or legal status of specific ethnic or cultural groups because the groups are considered hostile or alien to the natural culture, and it is assumed that they cannot be assimilated. Nativism gained its name from the "Native American" parties. In this context "Native" does not mean indigenous or American Indian but rather those descended from the inhabitants of the original Thirteen Colonies. It impacted politics in the mid-19th century because of the large inflows of immigrants from cultures that were somewhat different from the existing American culture. Thus, nativists objected primarily to Irish Roman Catholics because of their loyalty to the Pope and also because of their supposed rejection of republicanism as an American ideal. Nativist movements included the Know Nothing or American Party of the 1850s, the Immigration Restriction League of the 1890s, the anti-Asian movements in the West, resulting in the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and the "Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907" by which Japan's government stopped emigration to the U.S. Labor unions were strong supporters of Chinese exclusion and limits on immigration, because of fears that they would lower wages and make it harder to organize unions	21
271370163	Reform Movement	social movement that swept America beginning about 1870 to clean up the corruption of city governments and the poor housing and working conditions of immigrants. The movement was largely triggered by the muckrakers.	22
271370164	Feminists	Feminism is a collection of movements aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for women. Its concepts overlap with those of women's rights. Feminism is mainly focused on women's issues, but because feminism seeks gender equality, some feminists argue that men's liberation is a necessary part of feminism, and that men are also harmed by sexism and gender roles. Feminists are "person[s] whose beliefs and behavior[s] are based on feminism."	23
271370165	Peculiar Institution	Widely used term for the institution of American slavery in the South. Its use in the first half of the 19th century reflected a growing division between the North, where slavery was gradually abolished, and the South, where slavery became increasingly entrenched. (262)	24
271370166	Cotton Economy	The cotton economy based on slave labor prospered until the Civil War, as British demand continued to rise and as more land and more workers were used in cotton production (increases in productivity per acre or per worker were rare in this era, except that the lands of the Southwest were more fertile than the Southeast). Meanwhile, the emphasis on cotton and slavery constrained innovation, industrialization, urbanization, educational progress, and immigration to the South, with dire consequences for the regional economy once the slaves were emancipated and cotton demand stagnated.	25
271370167	Utopian Societies	Group of small societies that appeared during the 1800s in an effort to reform American society and create a "perfect" environment. (ex. Shakers, Oneidas, Brook Farm, etc.)	26
271370168	Mexican American War	an armed conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848 in the wake of the 1845 U.S. annexation of Texas, which Mexico considered part of its territory despite the 1836 Texas Revolution. American forces invaded New Mexico, the California Republic, and parts of what is currently northern Mexico; meanwhile, the American Navy conducted a blockade, and took control of several garrisons on the Pacific coast of Alta California, but also further south in Baja California. Another American army captured Mexico City, and forced Mexico to agree to the cession of its northern territories to the U.S.	27
271370169	Battle of San Jacinto	fought on April 21, 1836, in present-day Harris County, Texas, was the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution. Led by General Sam Houston, the Texian Army engaged and defeated General Antonio López de Santa Anna's Mexican forces in a fight that lasted just eighteen minutes. About 630 of the Mexican soldiers were killed and 730 captured, while only nine Texans died.[2] Santa Anna, the President of Mexico, was captured the following day and held as a prisoner of war. Three weeks later, he signed the peace treaty that dictated that the Mexican army leave the region, paving the way for the Republic of Texas to become an independent country. These treaties did not specifically recognize Texas as a sovereign nation, but stipulated that Santa Anna was to lobby for such recognition in Mexico City. Sam Houston became a national celebrity, and the Texans' rallying cries, "Remember the Alamo!" and "Remember Goliad!" became etched into American history and legend.	28
271370170	Bleeding Kansas	a series of violent political confrontations involving anti-slavery Free-Staters and pro-slavery "Border Ruffian" elements, that took place in the Kansas Territory and the neighboring towns of Missouri between 1854 and 1858. At the heart of the conflict was the question of whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free state or slave state. As such, Bleeding Kansas was a proxy war between Northerners and Southerners over the issue of slavery in the United States. The term "Bleeding Kansas" was coined by Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune; the events it encompasses directly presaged the American Civil War. The United States had long struggled to balance the interests of slaveholders and abolitionists. The events later known as Bleeding Kansas were set into motion by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which nullified the Missouri Compromise and instead implemented the concept of popular sovereignty. An ostensibly democratic idea, popular sovereignty stated that the inhabitants of each territory or state should decide whether it would be a free or slave state; however, this resulted in immigration en masse to Kansas by activists from both sides. At one point, Kansas had two separate governments, each with its own constitution, although only one was federally recognized. On January 29, 1861, Kansas was admitted to the Union as a free state, less than three months before the Battle of Fort Sumter which began the Civil War.	29
271370171	Manifest Destiny	the 19th century American belief that the United States was destined to expand across the continent. It was used by Democrat-Republicans in the 1840s to justify the war with Mexico; the concept was denounced by Whigs, and fell into disuse after the mid-19th century. Advocates of Manifest Destiny believed that expansion was not only wise but that it was readily apparent (manifest) and inexorable (destiny).	30
271370172	Mexican Cession	historical name for the region of the present day southwestern United States that was ceded to the U.S. by Mexico in 1848 under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo following the Mexican-American War. this massive land grab was significant because the question of extending slavery into newly acquired territories had become the leading national political issue.	31
271370173	Nationalism	Political ideology that stresses people's membership in a nation-a community defined by a common culture and history as well as by territory. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, nationalism was a force for unity in western Europe (713)	32
271370174	Dred Scott Decision	Dred Scott v. Sanford 1857 Supreme Court case -threw nation into further turmoil - Scott, a slave in MO, was taken by his owner to a free territory; lived their for 4 years; owner later returns to MO and dies - Scott sues for his freedom - Court ruled that he didn't have the right to sue because he was a slave and not a citizen -declared that a slave owner could not be deprived of his "property" without due process of law - struck down the MO Compromise b/c it declared that it was a violation of the 5th amendment to declare slaves free of their owners without due process, even if the slave had entered a free state -outraged abolitionists and those who favored popular sovereignty	33
271370175	Cooper Union Speech	delivered by Abraham Lincoln on February 27, 1860, at Cooper Union, in New York City. Lincoln was not yet the Republican nominee for the presidency, as the convention was scheduled for May. It is considered one of his most important speeches. Some have argued it was responsible for making him President.[1] In the speech, Lincoln elaborated his views on slavery, affirming that he did not wish it to be expanded into the western territories and claiming that the Founding Fathers would agree with this position.	34
271370176	Battle of Gettysburg	furthest north that the confederate troops go, the try to surround dc and get them to surreneder, largest battle in western hemisphere, bloodiest 3 days of us histroy and bloodiest battle of civil war and most casualties ever in american history, 53,000 causalties, lincoln gives gettysburg address, also described as a turning point in war, second day called the little round top, 3rd day was picketts charge- pickett was one of the officers	35
271370177	Appomattox Courthouse	fought on the morning of April 9, 1865, was the final engagement of Confederate States Army General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia before it surrendered to the Union Army under Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, and one of the last battles of the American Civil War. Lee, having abandoned the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, after the Siege of Petersburg, retreated west, hoping to join his army with the Confederate forces in North Carolina. Union forces pursued and cut off the Confederate retreat. Lee's final stand was at Appomattox Court House, where he launched an attack to break through the Union force to his front, assuming the Union force consisted entirely of cavalry. When he realized that the cavalry was backed up by two corps of Union infantry, he had no choice but to surrender. The signing of the surrender documents occurred in the parlor of the house owned by Wilmer McLean on the afternoon of April 9. On April 12, a formal ceremony marked the disbandment of the Army of Northern Virginia and the parole of its officers and men, effectively ending the war in Virginia.	36
271370178	Bargain of 1877	date: 1877 reconstruction President Hayes won a close election and agreed to these conditions. 1) agreed to recognize democrat control of south. 2) place a southerner in cabinet. 3) provied federal aid for Tx and Pacific railroad. Democrats promised not to dispute Hayes right to office and respect the civil and political rights of blacks. (democrats didnt keep their promise to recognize blacks as equal citizens)	37
271370179	Sam Houston	United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863)	38
271370180	Ulysses S. Grant	When the American Civil War began (1861), he was appointed brigadier general; his 1862 attack on Fort Donelson, Tenn., produced the first major Union victory. He drove off a Confederate attack at Shiloh but was criticized for heavy Union losses. He devised the campaign to take the stronghold of Vicksburg, Miss., in 1863, cutting the Confederacy in half from east to west. Following his victory at the Battle of Chattanooga in 1864, he was appointed commander of the Union army. While Gen. William T. Sherman made his famous march across Georgia, Grant attacked forces under Gen. Robert E. Lee in Virginia, bringing the war to an end in 1865. Grant's administrative ability and innovative strategies were largely responsible for the Union victory. In 1868 his successful Republican presidential campaign made him, at 46, the youngest man yet elected president. His two terms were marred by administrative inaction and political scandal involving members of his cabinet, including the Crédit Mobilier scandal and the Whiskey Ring conspiracy. He was more successful in foreign affairs, where he was aided by his secretary of state, Hamilton Fish. He supported amnesty for Confederate leaders and protection for the civil rights of former slaves.	39
271370181	Abraham Lincoln	One of the most skillful politicians in Republican party. Lawyer. Tried to gain national exposure by debates with Stephen A. Douglas. The Lincoln-Douglas debates attracted much attention. Lincoln's attacks on slavery made him nationally known. He felt slavery was morally wrong, but was not an abolitionist. He felt there was not an alternative to slavery and blacks were not prepared to live on equal terms as whites. Won presidency in November election.	40
271370182	Elizabeth Stanton	(1815-1902) A suffragette who, with Lucretia Mott, organized the first convention on women's rights, held in Seneca Falls, New York in 1848. Issued the Declaration of Sentiments which declared men and women to be equal and demanded the right to vote for women. Co-founded the National Women's Suffrage Association with Susan B. Anthony in 1869.	41
271370183	George McClellan	Was a major general during the American Civil War. He organized the famous Army of the Potomac and served briefly (November 1861 to March 1862) as the general-in-chief of the Union Army. Early in the war, McClellan played an important role in raising a well-trained and organized army for the Union. Although McClellan was meticulous in his planning and preparations, these characteristics may have hampered his ability to challenge aggressive opponents in a fast-moving battlefield environment. He chronically overestimated the strength of enemy units and was reluctant to apply principles of mass, frequently leaving large portions of his army unengaged at decisive points General McClellan also failed to maintain the trust of Lincoln, and proved to be frustratingly derisive of, and insubordinate to, his commander-in-chief. After he was relieved of command, McClellan became the unsuccessful Democratic nominee opposing Lincoln in the 1864 presidential election. His party had an anti-war platform, promising to end the war and negotiate with the Confederacy, which McClellan was forced to repudiate, damaging the effectiveness of his campaign. He served as the 24th Governor of New Jersey from 1878 to 1881. He eventually became a writer, defending his actions during the Peninsula Campaign and the Civil War.	42
271370184	John Freemont	American army Captain that clashed with Mexican authorities in Monterey and then joined the rebels in Sonoma during the Mexican War. explored many western areas and trails. the first candidate of the Republican Party for the office of President. First Presidential candidate of a major party to run on a platform of opposition to slavery.	43

Powered by Quizlet.com

HIST 1301 Exam 2 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

1829070938	Proclamation of 1763	British ask the colonials not to move into specific territory because the forts were going to get closed down	0
1829070939	How did the colonials respond to the Proclamation of 1763	They refused, so the British decide to tax the colonies for disobeying	1
1829070940	Sugar Act 1764	Tariff on sugar cane coming from outside the country (West Indies)	2
1829070941	Radicals	Patriots "No taxation without representation"	3
1829070942	Smuggled Sugar	Result of tax, was more expensive than legal sugar	4
1829070943	Writ of Assistance	Takes place of the search warrant	5
1829070944	Stamp Act 1765	If you had a legal document you had to go to one of the British officials and pay them a small fee to put a stamp on them to make it legit EX. birth certificate, marriage certificate	6
1829070945	What were the effects from the Stamp Act?	It caused more radical activity; they would go into your property, remove their clothes, and would tar and feather them	7
1829070946	What city was the most radical?	Boston, Mass.	8
1829070947	Parliament in 1765	One indirect representative for the colonials; allowed them to talk to parlor and try to influence them to see thing their way and they picked Benjamin Franklin	9
1829070948	Benjamin Franklin	-Wealthy man -Printing company -Could not please all 13 colonies -Diplomat sent to France	10
1829070949	Most famous radical group	Son's of Liberty	11
1829070950	Son's of Liberty	-Based in Boston -Founder: Sam Adams	12
1829070951	Thomas Hutchinson	-Judge for Boston -Son's of Liberty didn't like him -Always followed the law -Didn't take bribes -Son's of Liberty burn his house	13
1829070952	What year is the Stamp Act repealed?	1766	14
1829070953	Modify the Sugar Act 1766	Are not going to enforce it and will just ignore it	15
1829070954	Declaratory Act 1766	British say that they are the supreme parliament; declare that the Parliament and King made the decisions	16
1829070955	Charles Townshend	-Treasurer of the Cabinet -"Money man"	17
1829070956	Townshend Duty Acts 1767	Tax on Colonial Purchases: lead, paper, paint, glass When a merchant comes buy any of those goods they would have to pay the taxes upfront	18
1829070957	"Committee of Public Safety"	Created by the Son's of Liberty; they would go out to shops and check if they had items bought from Townshend Duty Act and tell them not to buy them again	19
1829070958	New Prime Minister 1770	George 3 fires Grenville and hires Lord North and he will be Prime Minister throughout the Revolution	20
1829070959	Lord North	Argued that they Townshend Duty Act was not working and was just costing Britain more money; he repeals it March 1770	21
1829070960	Boston Massacre	March 1770 Enlisted officers were not allowed to agitate the colonials; 60 soldiers were sent to save the sentry the outcome was 5 colonials dead, 6 were wounded, and 6 British soldier were arrested	22
1829070961	Arrested British Soldiers	They were charged with murder in a colonial judge with a colonial jury and John Adams was their judge 4 men were acquitted 2 men were convicted of manslaughter (branded on their thumb- convicted felon)	23
1829070962	H.M.S. Gaspee Affair 1771	Patrol boat with a crew of 25 men checking for smugglers off the coast of Boston. Sons's of Liberty are watching the ship when it got stuck in low tide and dropped torches caused the ship to burn down. Britain's want to charge them with piracy which will be Death Drawing and Quartering	24
1829070963	Death Drawing and Quartering	WORST EXECUTION! Public executions: hang them, cut them, take the noose off, place/tie on the ground, take intestines out, pull them apart with horses, hang their head on a tree	25
1829070964	Tea Act or Tax 1773	British East India Co asked for a monopoly to sell the tea	26
1829070965	Boston Tea Party	3 ships with 242 chests of tea; all 3 ships were attacked by "Indians" (Son's of Liberty) causing all the tea to be removed from the ships and dumped into the harbor	27
1829070966	Coercive (Force)/Intolerable Acts	1. Tea must be paid for 2. Port of Boston will be closed 3. Marshall Law in all colony of Mass. (curfews, cant be out on the streets after dark, no pubs or bars are open)	28
1829070967	Quartering Act	Colonials had to open up their house to British soldiers depending on how big your house was; 3rd Amendment to constitution cannot house soldier	29
1829070968	First Continental Congress	April 1774 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Colonial leaders called for the meeting. 80% of the delegates were Conservative; did not want war with Great Britain 20% of the delegates were Radicals; petitioned to King George 3 and Parliament that they want changed to be made	30
1829070969	Minitute Men	Concession made for the Radicals; they are volunteers ready to fight the British	31
1829070970	1775 Concord, Massachusetts	British Commander in Massachusetts sent 2,400 men to destroy the military base in Concord, when arrive the warehouse was empty. Lexington- The Minute Men held ground, the British soldiers threatened the Minute Men to disperse and then shots were fired	32
1829070971	Paul Revere	"The British are coming, the British are coming!" during Lexington and Concord	33
1829070972	Second Continental Congress	April of 1775 in Philadelphia 75% of the delegates were Conservatives 25% of the delegates were Radicals	34
1829070973	Continental Army	Army formed of voluntary men just in case the British attack George Washington was the Overall Commander/General	35
1829070974	George Washington working with Congress	Was a nightmare for him, he wanted more equipment and would take the time to contact them but Congress said they were too busy	36
1829070975	Who was President during the American Revolution?	There was NO president	37
1829070976	Battle of Bunker Hill	July 1775 George is on the hill and the British look and don't know who it is at first; George's men retreat and becomes a victory for the British	38
1829070977	General Benedict Arnold	Officer in the Continental Army who stole cannons from the British forts. Was sent to Canada on an expedition to recruit Canadians to join the Revolution; He gains nothing and looses some men	39
1829070978	Thomas Payne	"Common Sense" Recommends that we go for Independence, because the British are poorly lead (George the 3rd was not the best to lead)	40
1829070979	Thomas Jefferson	From Virginia his home was in Monticello "little mountain"	41
1829070980	Declaration of Independence	"Declaration of War" Spring 1776 was written in Philadelphia and the main author was Thomas Jefferson with some help from Benjamin Franklin "All men are created equal"	42
1829070981	July 4, 1776	We declared Independence	43
1829070982	Winter Quarters	Difficult to travel in the cold/snow "off season"- gather u supplies, get prepared	44
1829070983	Washington Quartering	December 1776; George Washington and 2,400 men camped out on the Delaware River, NJ and across there was 2,500 Hessians which Washington planned to cross the river and attack on Christmas Eve. HUGE VICTORY for Washington	45
1829070984	Hessians	Small country in Germany, had a reputation of being great soldiers	46
1829070985	General Horacio Gates	Wants to be the Overall Commander and didn't agree with Washington's plan of attacking the Hessians and doesn't want to be a part of it so he leaves	47
1829070986	General Henry Knox	In charge of artillery	48
1829070987	Parole for the Hessians	If they were a foreign soldier then they are and captured are offered 100 acres of land for free in Western Pennsylvania also had to agree to never fight again	49
1829070988	Princeton,NJ	January 3, 1777 Camp of British soldiers; Washington's men kill 100 Britain's and 280 prisoners he gains supplies from it	50
1829070989	Treaty of Alliance 1778	United States and France French gives us loans, supplies, troops, navy support. The treaty was meant to last forever, and Franklin had no choice it was a reciprocal agreement	51
1829070990	British 3 part plan to defeat American's	1. Reinforce New York and put new commander Sir Henry Clinton and increase spying 2. (partially successful) Capture U.S. capital in Philadelphia, capture or kill Congress, and capture of kill Washington Howe captured the city only and used all of our supplies 3. (failure for British) Bourgoyne is in Canada was sent to drive a wedge between New York and the North Eastern colonies	52
1829070991	Valley Forge, Pennsylvania	Where George's men winter quarter. Worst winter ever for his troops	53
1829070992	General John Bourgoyne	Believed his officers should receive fine treatment took additional supplies and moved extremely slow making part 3 of the plan to fail	54
1829070993	Saratoga, NY	October 1778 Gates battle with Bourgoyne that he wins and gets all of their supplies; the victory before the treaty of Versailles is signed	55
1829070994	Battle of Yorktown	October 1781 LAST major battle of the war Washington along with his French troops defeat Cornwallis	56
1829070995	Admiral DeGrasse	French Navy defeats the British ships off the coast of Virginia	57
1829070996	Treaty of Paris 1783	British reorganized U.S. as an independent nation, 13 colonies Northwest Territory	58
1829070997	Articles of Confederation	1781-1789 Lasted 8 years, very weak central Government Weaknesses: Central government could not tax the states, the states could not tax their own residents, there was no central currency, no army or navy each state had their own State Militia	59
1829070998	Shays Rebellion	1786 Daniel Shay was steamed by Boston's taxes because they were getting so high; Shay lost but the Rebellion opened peoples eyes and called for a meeting	60
1829070999	Constitution Convention	May-September 1787 in Philadelphia 12 states and 55 delegates Rhode Island said no, and Virginia was the dominant state there	61
1829071000	"President of the Convention"	George Washington was picked to be the leader and he would sit on a raised platform in front of the room, he doesn't say much his presence is what's important	62
1829071001	Closed Door Meeting	No press or gallery allowed at the meeting	63
1829071002	"Father of the Constitution"	James Madison he was from Virginia, didn't speak very loud so Ed Randolph was the one to give Madison's ideas	64
1829071003	During the Convention	Thomas Jefferson stayed in France and was the first U.S. Minister John Adams is the U.S. Minister of Great Britain	65
1829071004	3 Branches of Government	Legislative Judicial Executive	66
1829071005	Large State Proposal	"Virginia Plan" Have one house congress and the number of representatives would be dependent on the population of the state	67
1829071006	Small State Proposal	"New Jersey Plan" One house would be an equal representation	68
1829071007	"The Great Compromise"	Combines the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan House of Representatives: minimum number is 1, there is no max. Minimum term: 2 years No maximum term Minimum age: 21 years old No maximum age	69
1829071008	Eligible Voters	Vote for who they want to get the job for House Representative -White male -21+ years old -Owns property	70
1829071009	U.S. Supreme Court	Number of members on the court: determined by congress Nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate Term is for life	71
1829071010	Ratification	Senate must ratify all treaties, treaty with foreign nation	72
1829071011	Inferior Courts	Lower federal courts, the number will be determined by Congress	73
1829071012	Alexander Hamilton	Delegate from New York Wanted to call our leader "King" his idea was denied	74
1829071013	President	Leader of the Nation Term: 4 years, no limits Minimum age: 35 years old/no maximum age Natural born citizen of the U.S. Cannot be a convicted felon	75
1829071014	Electoral Votes	To win the a Presidential election the person running must have the majority of electoral votes; Comes from electoral college	76
1829071015	Vice President	The man who came in second place of the presidential election	77
1829071016	Virginia's Proposal	Slaves would be emancipated 10% per year, Owners would get compensated for their slaves, and slaves would recolonize in Africa Colonies; was voted against because no one wanted to pay for the slaves	78
1829071017	3/5's Compromise	When determining the population 3/5 of a slave would be counted	79
1829071018	First Election for President in 1788	George Washington was elected President James Adams was elected Vice President	80
1829071019	First Inauguration	George Washington was inaugurated in NYC on March 4,1789 on Wall Street	81
1829071020	Bill of Rights	First 10 amendments done in 18 months with the help of James Madison 3/4's quarters votes of the House and Senate States ratify the amendments 3/4's of the states	82

Powered by Quizlet.com

HIST 1301 Exam 1 review questions Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

1532611453	The British commander who surrendered at Yorktown in 1781 was	cornwallis	0
1532611454	Essential to the establishment of a colonial alliance with the French was the work of	Benjamin Franklin	1
1537706905	The author of the Declaration of Independence was	Thomas Jefferson	2
1537706906	Provided colonists with a rationale for revolution	common sense	3
1537706907	In December 1775 Parliament passed the _____ which declared war on American international commerce	Prohibitory Act	4
1537706908	A major Difficulty that confronted the First Continental congress was	the fact that the delegates from different regions were unfamiliar with one another	5
1537706909	The suffolk resolves advocated	forcible resistance to the coercive Acts	6
1537706910	The Tea Act of 1773 was passed in order to	save the indian company	7
1537706911	England passed the Coercive Acts in response to	The Boston Tea Party	8
1537706912	The _______ extended Canadian boundaries into Ohio Valley and recognized civil rights for Roman catholics	Quebec Act	9
1537706913	Massachusetts reacted to the passage of the Townshed Acts with the	Circular letter	10
1537706914	The fundamental issue leading to the Boston Massacre in 1770 was the	presence of so many British troops in American cities	11
1537706915	The Boston Massacre	rained the possibility of colonial armed resistance	12
1537706916	The tone of the Stamp Act Congress reflected	restraint and conciliation with no mention of independence or disloyalty	13
1537706917	The boycott movement against the Stamp Act	mobilized colonial women to action	14
1537706918	__________ States that Parliament's belief in its own sovereignty?	Declaratory Act	15
1537706919	One consequence of the Townshend Acts was	The strengthening of intercolonial unity	16
1537706920	The handbill printed by Boston leaders during 1770 would be most directly connected to what group?	sons of Liberty	17
1537706921	The radical American group which is first emerged during the stamp act crisis was known as	the sons of liberty	18
1537706922	_________ prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains?	Proclamation of 1763	19
1537706923	as a result of the Sugar Act, the duty on molasses was	reduced significantly	20
1537706924	The leader of the anti-stamp movement in Virginia was	Patrick Henry	21
1537706925	The most significant consequence of the Seven Years of War was	that it left Britain with an enormous debt	22
1537706926	The English political philosopher most often cited by american rebels was	John Locke	23
1537706927	George III believed	the monarch should make policed for the empire	24
1537706928	The failure of the Albany Plan can be attributed, primarily to the	fiscal jealousies of colonial assemblies	25
1537706929	The man who led Great Britain to victory in the Seven years of war was	William pitt	26
1537706930	The British general responsible for the seizure of Quebec in 1759 was	James wolfe	27
1537706931	The Leading figured at the Albany Congress and designer of the Albany plan was	Benjamin Franklin	28
1537706932	What did the Great awakening, intercolonial trade, and rise of the colonial assemblies have in common?	they all contributed to a growing sense of shared identity	29
1537706933	Colonial ministers who opposed the great awakening were known as	"old lights"	30
1537706934	Followers of the Great awakening, who emphasized a powerful, emotional religion, were know as	"New Lights"	31
1537706935	The preaching of Johnathan Edwars Emphasized	The calvanistic teachings of the puritans	32
1537706936	The two most important leaders of the Great awakening in the colonial America were	Johnathan Edwards and George Whitefield	33
1537706937	The one American who, more than anyone else, symbolized the spirit of the Enlightenment was	Benjamin Franklin	34
1537706938	The largest group of white non-english immigrants to the colonies were	the scots-irish	35
1537706939	As a result of the salem witchcraft trials	nineteen people were hanged	36
1537706940	A major objective of the Navigation Acts were to eliminate the _______ from american trade	dutch	37
1537706941	Enumerated goods	Could be only sold to the mother country	38
1537706942	British authorities based their colonial commercial policies on the theory of	Mercantilism	39
1537706943	The invention of the Navigation Acts was to	allow England to monopolize American trade	40
1537728529	The first Institution of higher learning founded in England's mainland colonies was	Harvard	41
1537728530	The half-way covenant of the seventeenth-Centry New England	lessened someone the requirements for baptism as a congregationalist	42
1537728531	The colony of Pennsylvania was established as a religious Sanctuary for	Quakers	43
1537728532	William Penn guaranteed the commercial success of Philadelphia by purchasing	Delaware	44
1537728533	In 1636, authorities in Massachusetts Bay banished Roger Williams because	of his defense of native American rights an demanded for separation of church and state	45
1537728534	Puritan dissenter roger williams established the colony of	Rhode Island	46
1537728535	Anne Hutchingson's skillful self-defense at her trail before the magistrates of Massachusetts bay was ruined by	her claim of personal revelation	47
1537738384	columbus originally was determined to prove that	a west water route to china existed	48
1537738385	columbus first voyage was in	1492	49
1537738386	Whose voyages established the claims in North america	John Cabot	50
1537813880	What sixteenth century European upheaval had a profound impact on England's settlement of the New World?	The reformation	51
1537813881	_________ was responsible for starting the protestant revolt in Europe?	Martin Luther	52
1537813882	The most influential early protestant thinker was	John Calvin	53
1537813883	Calvinists in Scotland founded the	Presbyterian churt	54
1537813884	In the 1580's the English attempted to make a settlement at	Roanoke	55
1537813885	The sponsor of the failed Roanoke colony was	Walter Raleigh	56
1537813886	To solve the problem of vast expenses New world settlement required, English Merchant-capitalists introduced the concept of	the joint stock company	57
1537813887	The______Company was responsible for settlement of jamestown in virginia	Virginia	58
1537813888	Jamestown might have gone the way of Roanoke had it not been for the perseverance of	captain John smith	59
1537813889	The man who taught Virginians how to grow tobacco was	John rolfe	60
1537813890	After the Virginia company's principal means of attracting new settlers was	a system of land grants	61
1537813891	Under the "headlight" system Virginia	all new arrivals who had paid their trans-atlantic fares received fifty-acre land grants	62
1537813892	Indentured servants	were working off the cost of their passage to america	63
1537813893	After 1618, the Virginia colonist were allowed to elect a representative assembly known as the	House of Burgesses	64
1537813894	In 1642 virginia became	a royal colony	65
1537813895	The most important institution of local government in colonial Virginia was the	country court	66
1537813896	The individual largely responsible for Maryland's settlement was	Sir George Calvert	67
1537813897	Initially, Lord baltimore intended that Maryland be a haven for	Catholics	68
1537813898	Lord baltimore's settlement in maryland	never succeeded in becoming a feudal society	69
1537813899	The document in which the pilgrims established a civil government for their plymouth colony become known as the	Mayflower compact	70
1537813900	The puritans of Massachusetts Bay believed that the best way to reform the church of England was to	remain in the church ad reform it form the inside	71

Powered by Quizlet.com

HIST 1301 Exam 4 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

2421602654	T/F: ______ By 1840, approximately 50% of adult white men were now eligible to vote.	False	0
2421604197	T/F: ______ By 1850, approximately 250 slave owners owned 200 or more slaves.	True	1
2421605379	The southern economy was intricately tied into __________________.	slavery	2
2421606425	In addition to other attractions the idea of colonizing freed slaves in ____________ appealed to almost every major political figure of the Jacksonian era.	Liberia, Africa	3
2421606426	Southern backcountry ______________ tended to be much more illiterate than their northern counterparts.	farmers	4
2421614862	________________ families were headed by females in disproportionate numbers as compared to the general population.	Slave	5
2421614863	The ____________ rule allow congress to avoid hearing antislavery petitions.	Gag Rule	6
2421616843	The conflict between Andrew Jackson and _______________ manifested itself in a dispute over Secretary of War John Eaton's wife, Peggy Eaton.	John C. Calhoun	7
2421618567	__________ was the name of a female slave whose execution was postponed so that she could give birth to the child fathered by the master she had killed while resisting his sexual advances.	Celia	8
2421619717	President ______________ believed a constitutional amendment was necessary for the government to build roads and canals.	James Madison	9
2421624494	It is estimated that of the 50,000 slaves who attempted to escape each year approximately _________ were successful.	1,000	10
2421627898	Urban slaves were mostly used as ___________ servants.	domestic servants	11
2421629317	____________ referred to the "all men are created equal" statement in the Declaration of Independence as "the most false and dangerous of all political errors."	John C. Calhoun	12
2421630612	The two terms of ______________ are most often referred to as the "Era of Good Feelings."	James Monroe	13
2421631635	The murder of abolitionist editor ______________ revealed the connection between the abolitionist movement and the idea of civil liberties.	Elijah Lovejoy	14
2421632935	By 1840, most states had removed ___________ requirements as requirements for voting.	property requirements	15
2421635384	____________ who was once a slave himself became a leader in the abolitionist movement.	Frederick Douglas	16
2421636833	T/F: _____ By the time of the Civil War every northern state had developed some form of public schools most often called Common Schools.	True	17
2421637782	The term ________________ was an indication of two slaves who desired to marry.	Jumping the broom	18
2421639982	Brook Farm was founded by New England ___________________.	transcendentalists	19
2421659004	Feminists took the concept of _______________ and adopted it as their own, greatly expanding its meaning.	social freedom	20
2421660460	The ______________ case established the principle that Indians were wards of the federal government.	Cherokee nation vs Georgia	21
2421660461	During the period known as The Era of Good Feelings the ___________ party ceased to exist, temporarily creating one-party rule.	Federalist Party	22
2421661960	Many anti-Jackson cartoons often portrayed him as a _______________.	King	23
2421661961	__________ gave more speeches and traveled more miles than any other female abolitionist orator during the antebellum period.	Abby Kelley	24
2421663536	Celia, a female slave convicted of murder had her execution postponed because __________________.	she was pregnant	25
2421664916	The ________________, which was originally surveyed between 1763 and 1767 to settle a border dispute between British colonies in Colonial America it came to represent the demarcation between slavery and freedom.	Mason-Dixon Line	26
2421677479	T/F: _____ Despite their publicity the early American Temperance Society made very little impact on the consumption of alcohol in America.	False	27
2421677480	Not only did whites allow ___________ to replace ___________ as the boundary separating Americans they also used suspect scientific theories to promote the idea of racial inferiority.	race to replace class	28
2421680088	The process by which slave owners were able to think of themselves as kind, responsible masters was called __________________.	Paternalism	29
2436317165	T/F: ______ The Democratic view of power was that government always endangered private rights.	true	30
2436317166	19th century reform movements used ____________ suasion to try and persuade others to join their cause.	moral suasion	31
2436318871	To ____________ the 4th of July represented the hypocrisy of a nation that proclaimed liberty but sanctioned slavery.	frederick douglass	32
2436319522	____________ argued that the people, not the states, created the constitution.	daniel webster	33
2436319523	_______________ referred to the Missouri Compromise as a "fire bell in the night."	thomas jefferson	34
2436319524	T/F: ______ Margaret Fuller was denied membership in the Transcendentalist movement because she was a woman.	false	35
2436320580	The Florida based Indian tribe known as ___________ resisted re-location efforts from 1835-1842.	seminoles	36
2436320581	The Election of 1824 virtually destroyed the presidential dreams of _______________.	henry clay	37
2436322386	The 1820 Legislation known as ____________ preserved the congressional balance between slave and free states.	the missouri compromise	38
2436323849	Following the 1848, Seneca Falls convention a document called _______________ and patterned after the Declaration of Independence was issued.	the declaration of sentiments	39
2436325045	______________ was the term used to classify "doing poor work and breaking tools" by some slaves.	silent sabotage	40
2436325046	Indian removal and colonization were both based on the premise that fundamentally America was a __________ society.	white society	41
2436325847	Runaway slaves used ____________ as a reference guide in their journey north.	the north star	42
2436325848	T/F: ______ The Dorr War was a deviation from the trend of democratization.	true	43
2436325849	The term "citizen" had become synonymous with the right to ___________.	vote	44
2436332174	In Joel Chandler Harris' ____________ stories represented how slaves might be weaker but could always outsmart their stronger masters.	brer rabbit	45
2436332175	The American Colonization Society favored the relocation of freed slaves to _____________.	liberia, africa	46
2436333290	_______________ was the first presidential candidate to be labeled as the "Log Cabin" candidate.	William Henry Harrison	47
2436333867	The nullification crisis started in __________________.	South Carolina	48
2436552083	Josiah Nott and George Gliddon maintained there was a definite ___________________, with blacks forming s separate species between whites and chimpanzees.	hierarchy of races	49
2436552770	The most common form of slave resistance was called ______________.	silent sabotage	50
2436553087	T/F: _____ The abolitionist view of the Constitution was that it was a covenant with the devil, that it offered to protection for slavery, and it allowed for freedom and equality before the law, regardless of race.	true	51
2436554140	The published of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator ________________________ believed that blacks were already part of America and thus should be treated as citizens.	William Lloyd Garrison	52
2436554438	The _____________ case ruled that the Bank of the United States was constitutional.	McCullough vs Maryland	53
2436555162	______________ led the slave revolt on the ship Amistad.	Joseph Cinquez	54
2436555641	The _____________ system allowed slaves to take on daily jobs, set their own pace, and work on their own when the job was completed.	task labor system	55
2436555642	The 'carrot' in the _______________ was the pledge to abstain from interfering in European affairs.	Monroe Doctrine	56
2436556649	T/F: _____ Some abolitionists feared that calling for equality or more rights for women could divide their efforts and impede their own movement against slavery.	true	57
2436556650	Southerners never used the Declaration of Independence to try and justify _____________.	slavery	58
2436557915	President __________________'s inauguration was a large, rowdy event.	Andrew Jackson	59
2436558375	The book _________________ is believed to have been based on the life of fugitive slave Josiah Henson.	Uncle Tom's Cabin	60
2436558879	_________________ was the most powerful means of maintaining order among a Plantation's slaves.	The threat of sale	61
2436558880	By the mid-Nineteenth century _________ had replaced class as the boundary that separated those American men who were entitled to enjoy political freedom from those who were not.	Race	62
2436559548	By the time of the Civil War it is estimated that ____% of the world's cotton came from the Southern U.S.	75	63
2436559549	______________ was a free black who was kidnapped in Washington, D.C. and sold into slavery where he would remain for twelve years.	soloman northrup	64
2436560743	T/F: _____ Slave religion was a combination of African traditions and Christian beliefs.	true	65
2436561267	The ______________ legislation banned slavery north of the southern boundary line of Missouri.	missouri compromise	66
2436561776	In the 19th century ___________ replaced sugar as the world's major crop produced by slave labor.	cotton	67
2436562261	The Plantation worker known as the ______________ was responsible for ensuring a profitable crop for the owner.	overseer	68
2436562898	T/F: _____ Occasionally some free blacks would become wealthy enough to own slaves themselves.	true	69
2436562899	T/F: _____ The South's reaction to Nat Turner's rebellion was far beyond that actual threat it represented.	true	70
2436563605	T/F: _____ There was no direct connection between abolition and violence.	true	71
2436564099	The reform community known as _______________ absolutely controlled which of its members would be allowed to reproduce.	Oneida	72
2436564100	The publishing and dissemination of ______________ literature was the focus of the American Tract Society.	religion	73
2436565071	In the painting entitled The Virginia Luxuries the two "luxuries" illustrated were___________ and _______________.	the power to whip slaves and sexually abuse slave women	74
2436692766	_______________ was the name of William Lloyd Garrison's abolitionist newspaper.	the liberator	75
2436692767	According to the prevailing male view point ______________ and _____________ were excluded from the democratic process was because they were incapable and thus unfit for suffrage.	women and blacks	76
2436693373	The policies of _________________ towards Native Americans was inconsistent with his views of nullification.	Andrew Jackson	77
2436693969	The 1848 ___________ convention condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women.	Seneca Falls Convention	78
2436694416	The _______________ required and end to European colonization in the western hemisphere and in exchange the U.S. would abstain from European affairs.	Monrone Doctrine	79
2436694417	____________ was the first black newspaper in the U.S.	Freedom's Journal	80
2436694855	The 1848 ______________ convention called for greater access to education and employment.	Seneca Falls Convention	81
2436694856	By 1827, the ____________ Indians had their own newspapers, schools, constitution, and codes of laws.	Cherokee Indians	82
2436695350	T/F: _____ Most white southerners lived on subsistence farms, in isolated areas, and received little or no education.	true	83
2436695920	Andrew Jackson offered South Carolina a compromise __________ as inducement to rescind its Nullification law.	tariff	84
2436696335	Federal financing of ___________ and ____________ would prove to be the most controversial federal issues of this period.	canals and roads	85
2436696336	T/F: ______ Unlike other reform communities women in The Shakers community were allowed to engage in "complex" marriages by choosing multiple "husbands."	false	86
2436697126	_______________ wrote "When the true history of the antislavery cause is written women, will occupy a large space in its pages.	Frederick Douglass	87
2436697524	Abolitionist were fond of quoting the preamble to _______________as an attack against slavery.	The Declaration of Independence	88
2436697785	The ____________ was a type of female clothing designed during the Victorian era that would allow women much more freedom of movement while preserving her decency.	bloomer	89
2436698256	___________ was the term used to describe the practice of rewarding a political candidates supports with political offices or jobs.	The Spoils System	90
2436698579	It is estimated that by 1860 there were approximately _____ million slaves in the U.S.	4	91
2436698580	______________ believed public schools would; equalize conditions of men, serve as an avenue for social advancement, provide opportunities for character development, provide career opportunities for women.	Horace Mann	92
2436699048	By law slaves were not supposed to enter the plantation labor force before the age of ______.	ten	93
2436699054	_____________ became the "poster boy" for state sovereignty and nullification.	John C. Calhoun	94
2436699517	As a desperation measure _____________ suggested the North might have dissolve the Union to rid itself of slavery.	abolitionists	95
2436699519	In the antebellum era America embarked on a program of institution building, including ______________, ________________,_____________,and__________________.	jails, poorhouses, asylums, and orphanages	96
2436699965	________________ a French political thinker and historian noted that Americans tended to be organized though or by voluntary associations.	Alexis de Tocqueville	97
2436700415	_______________ devoted her life to crusade for the construction of humane mental hospitals for the insane.	Dorothea Dix	98

Powered by Quizlet.com

HIST 1301 Exam 2 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

2189121830	T/F: The British thought the colonists were sensitive to their liberties because they were so familiar with slavery others accused the colonists of hypocrisy for claiming to be slaves while actually owning slaves themselves	True	0
2189124206	Once ancillary benefit to the Alliance with ________________ because it was a catholic nation helped to ease American concerns about Catholicism	France	1
2189125810	Thomas Jefferson substituted the word _______________ for the word property in the Declaration of Independence	Happiness	2
2189127360	In the winter of 1776-1777 Washington scored two small but very significant victories at ____________ and _______________	Trenton and Princeton, New Jersey	3
2189130252	Most Historians contend the real significance of the Declaration of Independence was its shift from focusing on rights as Englishmen to rights as _______________	Human beings	4
2189130253	The Battle of _______________ is significant for two reasons, first it was a much needed victory and second it convinced the ______________ to enter the war on the American side	Saratoga; French	5
2189131377	T/F: _____ John Peter Zenger was convicted of libel for comments he published about the colonial governor	False	6
2189138138	T/F: _____ The British seriously underestimated the support for independence among the American people	True	7
2189138148	As a symbol of his family's wealth the 1710 portrait of young Henry Darnall shows him standing next to ______________________	A young slave	8
2189139678	Approximately _______________ percent of American remained loyal to the British during the Revolutionary War	20 to 25	9
2189141233	John Adams was adamant that ________________ was vital to a democratic society	Land ownership	10
2189142050	John Locke rationalized his support for _____________ by contending that freedom was the natural right of propertied white men	Slavery	11
2189142051	________________ plantations in Virginia and the Chesapeake were models of mercantilism	Tobacco	12
2189142052	Organized opposition to the ____________ Act produced the first great drama of the Revolutionary era	Stamp Act	13
2189143026	In 1783, the state of ______________ emancipated slaves who had fought on the American side during the Revolutionary War	Virginia	14
2189146549	Thomas Jefferson listed ____________________, _______________________, and ______________________ as the contributions he would most want to be remembered for	The Declaration of Independence, The University of Virginia, and the Bill establishing Religious Freedom	15
2189147355	The colonists believed that acquiescence to the _______________ Act would be an acknowledgement that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonists s they saw fit	Tea Act	16
2189147356	T/F: _____ The term "Triangle Trade" referred to the practice of adding an arbitrator to the seller/buyer arrangement	False	17
2189150631	Following the conclusion of the ______________ War Britain saw the need to increase colonial taxes to help pay for its worldwide empire	French and Indian War, or as it was known in Britain, The Seven Years War	18
2189150632	Cultivation of ______________ was the commodity that encouraged slavery in the Chesapeake region	Tobacco	19
2189150633	A series of unexplained _______________ in 1741 created a panic in New York City	Fires	20
2189153891	New state constitutions created during the Revolutionary War expanded ______________________ in almost every state	The right to vote	21
2189154697	The basic philosophy of _______________ was based on the premise that governments derived their powers from the consent of the governed, in other words it was a contract between the people and the government	Government described by John Locke	22
2189154698	While there wasn't a codified national policy towards native Americans the acceptable premise was to ___________________ and force them ever westward	Take their lands	23
2189156199	The _____________ of south Louisiana are descendants of the French who emigrated from Nova Scotia	Cajuns	24
2189157690	Adam Smith's 1776, publication __________________ contributed to the success of free trade advocates during the Revolutionary War	The Wealth of Nations	25
2189158681	The Daughters of Liberty group advocated for __________________ to protest the Townshend Acts	A boycott of all British goods	26
2189158682	Until 1807, the state of ______________ allowed property owning women to vote	New Jersey	27
2189158683	T/F: ______John Adam's argued for a bicameral legislature for each state	True	28
2189160237	The ____________ Act granted religious freedom for Catholics in Canada	Quebec	29
2189160879	_________________ is arguably recognized as the most famous of all of the Great Awakening ministers	George Whitefield	30
2189160880	The idea that every minister of the British Parliament could realistically represent the interests of every colonist is called ___________________	Virtual Representation	31
2189161741	T/F: _____ During the Revolutionary War women; fought in the war; raised money for the army; served as spies and informants; and contributed homespun goods for the army	True	32
2189161742	After experimenting with a variety of crops ___________ and ____________ had the greatest success with rice	South Carolina and Georgia	33
2189162687	The Stamp Act Congress established the principle that ______________ of the people was required of any tax proposal	Consent	34
2189162688	While Tobacco, Cotton, and Rice were the most important crops for America it can be argued that ___________ was the most important crop to the British, French, and Portuguese empires	Sugar	35
2189164466	In the beginning the ______________ Society was simple called the Junto	American Philosophical	36
2189164467	The 1778, American victory at _______________ convinced the French that with French assistance this war was winnable	Saratoga	37
2189165891	Lack of either a land or water escape route sealed the fate of British General _______________ at Yorktown, Virginia forcing his October 19, 1781 surrender	Cornwallis	38
2189167133	Published in 1789, the autobiography of _________________ is recognized as the most widely read account by a slave of his own experiences	Olaudah Equiano	39
2189169115	During the Revolutionary War the British attempted to exploit the tensions between ________________ and _______________	Backcountry farmers and wealthy planters	40
2189170422	The 1766, _______________ Act, while not an actual tax, stated that Parliament's authority was the same in America as in Britain and asserted Parliament's authority to pass laws that were binding on the American colonies	The Declaratory Act	41
2189170423	The colony of ________________ established by James Oglethorpe in 1732, not only provided for improved conditions for imprisoned debtors but also outlawed slavery.	Georgia	42
2189170424	_________________ qualifications for holding office ensured that the landed gentry wielded an inordinate amount of power in colonial legislatures.	Property	43
2189173674	Incursion by France into areas claimed by the Ohio Company would lead directly to the __________________ War.	French and Indian War, or as it was known in England, The Seven Years War	44
2189173675	T/F: _____ Since slaves were viewed as property and ownership of property was a cornerstone of colonial belief little effort was put forth during the Revolution towards putting an end to the practice.	True	45
2189173676	Schoolbooks of the 1700's emphasized both learning and ______________________.	Virtuous behavior	46
2189175618	T/F: _____ Thomas Jefferson was opposed slavery but was more than willing to continue its use in order to maintain his lifestyle.	True	47
2189176428	The series of Parliamentary Acts such as the Boston Port Act, The Massachusetts Government Act The Administration of Justice Act, and The Quartering Act all enacted in response to the Boston Tea Party became known collectively as the ________________ Acts.	Intolerable Acts	48
2189176429	According to Noah Webster ____________ was the soul of the republic.	Equality	49
2189177746	Although voting requirements varied from colony to colony _____________ was the one constant.	Property (land)	50
2189177747	Colonial response to the British seizure of the ship ______________, owned by John Hancock, would lead the British to station troops in Boston, which would lead eventually to the events known as the Boston Massacre.	Liberty	51
2189178312	T/F: _____ The style of preaching presented during the Great Awakening was much more subdued and restrained than the old style.	False	52
2189178313	In 1777, _____________ became the first state to eliminate all property and tax qualifications for voting.	Vermont	53
2189178963	For service to the colonies during the Revolution _________________ promised each white male soldier a slave as a reward.	South Carolina	54
2189178964	Thomas Paine's reference to an "asylum for mankind" he was referring to ______________.	America	55
2189179673	The _______________ occurred when British soldiers fired into a threatening mob killing five.	Boston Massacre	56
2189179674	Following the revolution the concept of _______________ rights greatly influenced the writings of Thomas Jefferson.	Natural Rights	57
2189180450	____________________ not only defeated the British army at Yorktown he also defeated British support for the war.	George Washington	58
2189180451	T/F: ______ In contrast to the patriotic principles justifying the war for independence most new state constitutions did not address the issue of religious freedom.	False	59
2189182858	Slavery was less prevalent in the northern colonies because _______________________.	The type of economy pursued in the north did not need slaves	60
2189183871	One unintended consequence of the ___________________ created by the Revolution was that upstart churches began challenging the well-established churches that had once enjoyed more support from the government.	Religious freedoms	61
2189185129	John Adams not only recommended George Washington as commander of the Continental Army because of his military experience but also because he was from ___________________.	the South (Virginia)	62
2189185942	The process in which the British Government encouraged a limited amount of self-government by the colonies is known as _____________________.	Salutary Neglect	63
2189185943	_____________ and ________________ ignored John Adams' suggestion that all states should adopt a bicameral legislature.	Pennsylvania and Vermont	64
2189188347	The lack of freedom in the two practices called _____________ and ______________ saw them decline in popularity after the revolution.	Apprenticeships and indentured servitude	65
2189191799	__________________ a Mohawk chief attempted to create an Indian confederacy on lands between Canada and the U.S.	Joseph Brant aka Thayendanegea	66
2189191806	Those women who embraced the concept called "Republican Motherhood" encouraged all to campaign for _________________ opportunities for women.	Educational	67
2189194859	________________ was the author of the influential economic treatise entitled The Wealth of Nations which championed the idea of a free or unregulated economy.	Adam Smith	68
2189194860	T/F: _____ One method in which slaves gave voice to their ides of freedom was to sue their masters in court, charging they were being "illegally detained in slavery."	True	69
2189197109	The term "the shot heard 'round the world" refers to the opening shots in the ________________ War.	American War of Independence	70
2189197110	Following the end of the Revolutionary War Catholics saw a dramatic increase/decrease (Circle your choice) in America.	Decrease	71
2189198787	Slaves in the ___________ colonies constituted a small percentage of the population which meant they face much less harsh laws than slaves in other areas.	Northern Colonies	72
2189198788	T/F: ______ In support of her husband's efforts during the Revolution Abigail Adams ran the family farm.	True	73
2189198789	The primary purpose of the British in issuing the Proclamation of __________ was to bring stability to the frontier.	1763	74
2189200372	After the Revolution if the free black population in some states met the tax and property requirements they would be allowed to ______________.	Vote	75
2189200373	In the rice growing region the _________ system assigned slaves daily jobs and allowed them free time when completed.	Task	76
2189201445	In the 18th century but before the Revolution colonial assemblies became more ____________ and ________________.	Assertive and dominating	77
2189202020	_________________ is credited as having drafted the Albany Plan of Union which due to colonial jealousies was never adopted.	Benjamin Franklin	78
2189202021	The development of _________ plantations in South Carolina produced the wealthiest slave-owning class on the North American mainland.	Rice	79
2189202928	T/F: ______ Native Americans fought exclusively for the British during the Revolution.	False	80
2189202929	______________ was one of the founding fathers who did not own any salves.	John Adams	81
2189205386	Rice planters in South Carolina initially attempted to use _________ slaves.	Native American	82
2189205387	_______________ was the wartime political leader of Britain in the Seven Years War, especially noted for his single-minded devotion to victory over France.	William Pitt	83
2189208519	After the Revolution most northern states dealt with the slavery issue by __________________________________..	Passing legislation for the gradual ending of slavery	84
2189209826	One factor which separated the colonists from the English citizenry was the colonist rejection of a society based on ________________ aristocracy.	Hereditary aristocracy	85
2189211428	The ____________ Act rejected the colonial claim that only elected representatives could levy taxes.	Declamatory Act	86
2189212624	The Paxton Boys demanded that all ________________ be removed from Pennsylvania.	Native Americans	87
2189212625	The cost of the _______________ convinced Britain that the colonies should help pay for their administration.	French and Indian War	88
2189213568	T/F: _____ Thomas Jefferson was a dedicated member of the Presbyterian Church.	False	89
2189218824	Thomas Jefferson expressed a wish to be remembered for _______________, _________________, and ___________________.	The Declaration of Independence, the establishment of the University of Virginia, and the bill for establishing religious freedoms	90
2189218825	Thomas Jefferson substituted the word ____________ for ______________ as contained in earlier writings of John Locke.	Happiness for property	91
2189219980	The concept that every member of Parliament could accurately represent the wishes of every colonist was known as _______________ representation.	Virtual	92
2189219981	Deists, such as Thomas Jefferson believed the study of ______________ was the best form of religion.	Nature	93
2189219982	The state of ________________ was claimed from New York territory by Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain Boys.	Vermont	94
2189221061	T/F: ______ Religious requirements in some states essentially barred Jews from holding public office and in some cases from voting.	True	95
2189221062	If taken literally the statement "_________________________" had the potential to radically alter society.	All men are created equal	96
2189221835	T/F: _____ One of the cornerstones of the Revolution was the rejection of the concept of an hereditary aristocracy.	True	97
2189221836	The ______________ qualification for voting was a hotly debated topic.	Property	98
2189222908	Freedom and the right to ____________ had become interchangeable by the end of the Revolution.	Vote	99

Powered by Quizlet.com

HIST 1301, Ch. 5-8 Test #2 (CTC) Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

2245409111	Shay's Rebellion	An armed rebellion of werstern Massachusetts farmers in 1786 to prevent state courts from foreclosing on debtros.	0
2245409112	Great Compromise	Resolved the difference between the New Jersey and Virginia delegations to the Constitutional Convention by providing for a bicameral legislature.	1
2245409113	Three-Fifths Compromise	The provision in the constitution that defined slaves, for purposes of representation in the House of Representatives and state tax payments, not as full person, but as constituting only three-fifths of a person.	2
2245409114	Federalists	Advocates of a strong national government; they supported ratification of the Constitution and subsequently supported measures to expand federal revenue and functions.	3
2245409115	Antifederalists	Critics of the Constitution who initially opposed its ratification. By the late 1790's, they generally endorsed states' rights and sought limitations on federal power.	4
2245409116	XYZ Affair	A political furor caused by French diplomats who in 1797 demanded a bribe before they would enter into negotiations with their American counter parts.	5
2245409117	When considering a form of government for the United States, which model was held in the highest esteem?	The federal system	6
2245409118	After the Federalists committed to adding specific protections for civil liberties (Bill of Rights) to the Constitution what happened to Anti-Federalist opposition to the document?	Much of it disappeared	7
2245409119	The location of the nation's capital on the Potomac River was the result of a political bargain orchestrated by Alexander Hamilton. What did Hamilton achieve through this bargain?	Madison would not openly oppose Hamilton's assumption plan in the House, gaining him southern votes	8
2245409120	Who wrote the Report on Manufacturers?	Alexander Hamilton	9
2245409121	Who was "citizen" Genet and why did his activities upset the US government?	Began to license american vessels to operate as privateers against british shipping to grant french military commissions to a number of americans in order to mount expeditions against spanish and british possessions in north america	10
2245409122	Barbary pirates	What consisted of the North african arab states for decades seized vessels all of the mediterranean and held crews and passengers for ransom.	11
2245409123	Essex Junto	In 1804 was famous for organizing and coming up with a scheme to break away from the union and establish a northern confederacy	12
2245409124	Burr Conspiracy	Suspected treasonous cabal of planters, politicians, and army officers with the goal of creating an independent nation in the center of North America and/or the Southwest and parts of Mexico.	13
2245409125	Impressment	The policy whereby Britain forced people to serve in its navy.	14
2245409126	Non-Intercourse Act	Forbade trade only with Great Britain and France and authorized the President to end the boycott against either power.	15
2245409127	Who won the election of 1800 and how was the winner determined?	Thomas Jefferson, The house of representatives decided.	16
2245409128	Review the Supreme Court's ruling in Marbury v. Madison (1803).	Declared the judiciary act of 1789 unconstitutional and established the precedent of judicial review	17
2245409129	How did congress respond to the attack on the Chesapeake?	Jefferson asked congress to pass trade laws to punish Britain and France.	18
2245409130	Which French leader sold Louisiana to the United States?	Napoleon	19
2245409131	Given the quesdtionabile constitutionality of his actions, on what basis did Jefferson justify the Louisiana purchase?	He believed that since the good sense of our country clearly wanted Louisiana, he would acquiesce with satisfaction while congress overlooked the metaphysical subtleties.	20
2245409132	Concerning Jefferson's stated objectives for the Lewis and Clark expedition	what did he hope the expedition would accomplish with regard to Native Americans?, To establish official relations with the Indians and assure their protection as they would be moving across Spanish Territory	21
2245409133	Concerning Jefferson's stated objectives for the Lewis and Clark expedition what did he want to know about the Missouri River?	Whether the Missouri river connected to the western pacific ocean.	22
2245409134	Tecumseh	Was the shawnee chief that made a bold and imaginative effort to reverse the trend by binding all the tribes east of the mississippi into a great confederation.	23
2245409135	Treaty of ghent	Peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.	24
2245409136	Status quo ante bellum	What meant to leave things the way they were before the war.	25
2245409137	Rush-bagot agreement	limited each country to one 100 ton vessel armed with a single eighteen pounder on lake champlain and another on lake ontario.	26
2245409138	Transcontinental treaty	What is also called the adams-onis treaty, ratified in 1821 that aquired florida and stretched the western boundary of the louisiana territory to the oregon coast.	27
2245409139	Era of good feelings	A period from 1817 to 1823 in which the disappearance of the federalists enabled the republicans to govern in a spirit of seemingly nonpartisan harmony.	28
2245409140	Tariff of abominations	An exceptionally high tariff passed in 1828 that provoked vice president Calhoun to write the south carolina exposition and protest.	29
2245409141	How did the westerners land hunger contribute to americas decision to go to war in 1812?	It led frontiersmen to believe that in the event of war they would achieve Canada.	30
2245409142	Why did the warhawks support going to war with Britain?	Force repeal of the Orders in Council.	31
2245409143	Who was the new national hero that arose during the battle of new orleans?	General Andrew Jackson.	32
2245409144	Monroe doctrine	Declared that the american continents were no longer open to european colonization or exploitation and that the untied states would not interfere in the internal affairs of european nations.	33
2245409145	What fundamental question needed to be answered in the missouri compromise?	Would missouri be admitted as a slave state	34
2245409146	Why were northern states opposed to the admission of missouri as a slave state?	Because missouri extended hundreds of miles north of the ohio river which they considered slaverys natural boundary.	35
2245409147	Who was elected president in the election of 1824?	John Quincy Adams	36
2245409148	Francis Cabot Lowell	Head of the boston associates	37
2245409149	Waltham System	employed young unmarried women in textile mills.	38
2245409150	Eli Whitney	created the cotton gin.	39
2245409151	Robert Fulton	Invented the star boat.	40
2245409152	What impact did the France's Berlin and Milan decrees and Great Britain's orders in council have on neutral nations?	It made trade more difficult.	41
2245409153	Which west african country is the american colonization society credited with finding?	Liberia	42
2245409154	Which river was the backbone of commerce communications and transportation in the early 1800's?	Mississippi	43
2245409155	In the nineteenth century what was the only road built by congress?	Old National Road	44

Powered by Quizlet.com

HIST 1301-Exam 3 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

2247953090	______________ Rebellion was significant because it demonstrated that the present government was unable to protect property rights.	Shay's Rebellion	0
2247953836	_______________ is the term used to describe the relationship between the national government and the individual states.	Federalism	1
2247954630	T/F: ______ Under the Constitution the federal judiciary is elected, not appointed	False	2
2247954631	Under the Constitution the federal government could/could not (Circle your choice) interfere with slavery within the states.	Could not	3
2248010349	_______________ is considered to be the author of the majority (at least fifty) of the essays in the publication known as The Federalist.	Alexander Hamilton	4
2248011778	The states of _____________, and _____________ voted against ratification of the Constitution.	Rhode Island and North Carolina	5
2248011779	Of those men usually referred to as the "Founding Fathers" ____________, and ______________ who were serving as diplomats in Europe at the time did not attend the Constitutional Convention.	Thomas Jefferson and John Adams	6
2248012878	______________ years after the ratification of the Constitution, Congress outlawed the African slave trade.	Twenty	7
2248014198	_____________ is usually referred to as "The Father of the Constitution."	James Madison	8
2248014832	In Federalist no. 51, ________________________ supports the concept of "checks & Balances" by arguing that political power should be divided.	James Madison	9
2248015585	T/F: _____ Alexander Hamilton argued that lifetime appointments for presidents and senators would solve the obvious weaknesses in the Confederation government.	True	10
2248016618	The 1787 Constitution mandated that all states should require a minimum of ______ acres as a requirement for voting.	(the constitution did not impose any qualifications-it left that decision up to the individual states)	11
2248016991	In response to the impending ban on African Slave trade _____________ and ________________ immediately began importing increased numbers of Africans.	South Carolina and Georgia	12
2248016992	The _______________ retained the Constitution's secular character by granting religious freedom without any reference to a particular deity.	Bill of Rights	13
2248017858	It was understood that any reference in the Constitution to "the people" was referring to ______________Americans. People of color were referred to as "________________."	White; "other persons"	14
2248018501	The concept of "___________________" actually originated in the 1798, Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions authored secretly by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.	Nullification	15
2248019328	The court case known as _________________ established the principle of judicial review of federal legislation.	Marbury vs Madison	16
2248019870	T/F: _____ Based on the concessions outlined in the Treaty of Ghent it can be surmised that the United States was the victor in the War of 1812.	False	17
2248020576	T/F: _____ In one sense the Battle of New Orleans was unnecessary because the Treaty ending the War had already been signed in Belgium.	True	18
2248021169	_______________ President of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society wrote a petition to Congress calling for the ending of slavery throughout the nation.	Benjamin Franklin	19
2248021636	_________________ was the author of the feminist publication known as A Vindication of the Rights of Woman which was inspired by the writings of Thomas Paine.	Mary Wollstonecraft	20
2248022429	T/F: _____ As representative of his distaste for the actions of John Adams and the Federalists, after his election Thomas Jefferson tried to roll back almost everything they had done by cutting taxes and the size of government.	True	21
2248023554	Although initially opposed to the purchase of the Louisiana territory Thomas Jefferson recognized the benefits to be gained one of which in his view was the spread of what he called "________________________" republicanism.	agrarian	22
2248024123	Under Spanish and French rule salve women had the right to go to court for protection against ____________ and _____________.	cruelty and rape	23
2248024414	By the mid-nineteenth century _______________ was recognized as the most important export from America.	cotton	24
2342181014	T/F: _____ Under the concept of a market economy there was no place for corporations	False	25
2342182769	_________________ maintained that genuine freedom could only come from within	David Henry Thoreau	26
2342184909	By the 1840's the _____________ denomination had become the largest in America	Methodist	27
2342188380	Official imagery of the market revolution linked the goddess of liberty to emblems of _____________________	Material wealth	28
2342191273	Most of the immigrants to the U.S. from 1830 until the Civil War came from _____________ and _______________	Germany and Ireland	29
2342194882	Construction of _________________ would change New York City into a major trading port	The Erie Canal	30
2342196426	Among other things the construction of ________________ led directly to the building of the cities of Buffalo, Rochester, and Syracuse, New York	The Erie Canal	31
2342197586	In its most elemental form the cotton gin invented by Eli Whitney simply ______________________ from the cotton	removed cotton seeds from the cotton fibers	32
2342202205	T/F: ______Among other things it should be noted that improvements realized from the invention of the cotton gin led to a direct increase in the domestic slave trade	True	33
2342204902	Eli Terry's development of _______________ in clock making would contribute significantly to the industrial revolution	interchangeable parts	34
2342205820	Ralph Waldo Emerson defined _____________ as an open-ended process of self-realization	freedom	35
2342207177	T/F: _____ Under the Articles of Confederation there was no president	False- was a total of ten...none of whom had much power or influence	36
2342208006	The ________________established the precedent by which the federal government would be sovereign and expand westward across North America with the admission of new states, rather than with the expansion of existing states	Northwest Ordinance of 1787	37
2342209107	_______________ is usually credited as the principal author of the Virginia Plan of government	James Madison	38
2342210544	The ______________ Plan was the first proposal for a bicameral legislature in which one branch would be based on proportional representation	Virginia Plan	39
2342220706	T/F: _____ Among other powers the new constitution allowed congress to issue patents	True	40
2342221710	Under the 1790 ______________ Act only white persons could become citizens	Naturalization Act	41
2342222348	Settlers in ___________ and _____________ believed the government should give the land away for free	Kentucky and Tennessee	42
2342223692	In the _____________ case the British Courts ruled that slavery was illegal in England	Somerset	43
2342225302	James Winthrop argues that a __________________ was necessary to secure the rights of the minority against the tyranny of the majority	Bill of Rights	44
2342230401	Indian Chief Little Turtle was defeated at the Battle of ________________	Fallen Timbers	45
2342231675	The author of Letters from an American Farmer which promotes the idea that this melting pot, and the "strange mixture of blood" among colonists, is partially responsible for what makes America such a progressive and diverse nation was actually from ____________	France	46
2342232402	Among other advantages attributed to the new nation, was the idea that it's __________________ protected it from many European problems.	physical isolation	47
2342233630	Under the powers granted by _________________ Congress was able to establish national control over the land west of the 13 states	The Articles of Confederation	48
2342235159	Under the powers granted by _________________ Congress demanded and received vast amounts of Indian land north of the Ohio river and in the southern portion of the country	The Articles of Confederation	49
2342245678	James Madison was considered to be the protégé of __________________	Thomas Jefferson	50
2342246783	To circumvent their distrust of the voter's ability to choose the president and vice president directly the founding fathers created the _________________to decide the election of both	Electoral College	51
2342248571	In addition to federalism the Constitution embodies the principle of __________ and __________	Checks and balances	52
2342254418	It is only the __________ which can remove the president via the impeachment process	senate	53
2342255480	T/F: _____ While the Constitution to a degree protected several aspects of slavery it never mentions the actual word	True	54
2342261253	T/F: _____ After ratification of the Constitution the new country was obligated to re-think and re-design its policies towards Native Americans	False	55
2342262329	In addition to service a commander of the Revolutionary Army and the first president __________________ also served as a symbol of national unity	George Washington	56
2342263397	Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton's goal was to make the U.S. into a ___________ and _____________ power	commercial and military power	57
2342264939	As a compromise Hamilton agreed to the placement of _____________ in the south	the nation's capitol	58
2342266581	________________ was the author of the 1792 publication entitled Vindication of the Rights of Women	Mary Wollestonecraft	59
2342274872	According to Judith Sargent Murray any mental differences between men and women was due solely to women being denied ____________________	equal educational opportunities	60
2342275736	After the fact Jefferson justified the Louisiana Purchase by citing that it provided ______________ for his virtuous agrarian farmers	economic stability	61
2342276645	The Lewis & Clark Expedition's goals were both __________ and ____________	scientific and commercial	62
2342277725	The group formed by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun was known as the ________________	War Hawks	63
2342279196	Jefferson's ____________ Act caused economic depression in the U.S.	Embargo Act	64
2342289272	_______________ was president at the time of the Louisiana Purchase	Thomas Jefferson	65
2342290210	Madison and Jefferson both believed that ____________ must be the foundation of American life	agriculture	66
2342291387	_______________ is remembered for having designed Washington, D.C.	Pierre Charles L'Enfant	67
2342292321	Toussant L'Ouverture is remembered for having _______________________________	led a slave revolt in Saint Domingue	68
2342293353	T/F: _____ The phrase "Jefferson/Hamilton" bargain refers to Jefferson's decision to oppose Aaron Burr's candidacy in the New York Governor's race	False	69
2342299055	In one letter _______________ said he hoped the purchase of Louisiana would lead to the transplanting of all the Indians east of the Mississippi to areas west of the Mississippi	Thomas Jefferson	70
2342300500	______________, and ___________ were John Adams and Thomas Pinckney's presidential opponents in the 1796 election	Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr	71
2342301233	Alexander Hamilton very much favored establishing relationships with _______________ as opposed to relations with France.	Great Britain	72
2342302547	In addition to recording the flora and fauna encountered on their two year journey from St. Louis to the Pacific Coast Lewis & Clark failed to find _____________________	a water route to the Pacific Ocean	73
2342305452	After publicly criticizing George Washington and his administration the __________________ Societies of the 1790's bore the brunt of Washington's anger	Democratic Republican Societies	74
2342316590	In addition to the precedent of a peaceful transfer of power, the influence of the three-fifths clause, and voter mobilization the election of 1800 also brought to the forefront the need for changes in the _________________ which determined the winners of the presidential and vice-presidential races	Electoral college	75
2342317475	The Marbury v. Madison case established the legitimacy of the process known as ______________________	Judicial review	76
2342318813	T/F: _____ In May of 1801 Tripoli declared war on the U.S.	True	77
2342320517	____________ leader of the Shawnee Indians and his brother ________________ considered to be a prophet encouraged Indians in the Midwest to fight the American settlers but his movement was defeated in the War of 1812	Tecumseh; Tenskwatawa	78
2342321551	T/F: ______ Andrew Jackson refused to enlist African-Americans to fight against the British in the Battle of New Orleans	False	79
2342330526	Before railroads, ____________ and ______________ dramatically increased the speed and lowered transportation expenses of commerce	canals and steamboats	80
2342332417	The ______________ railroad was America's first commercial railroad	Baltimore and Ohio	81
2342333382	The _______________ industry was the first industry to be shaped by the large factory system	Textile industry	82
2342334667	Women workers at the Lowell, Massachusetts Textile mills lived in __________________ and were closely supervised	boarding houses or dormitories	83
2342339503	________________ invented the steel plow	John Deere	84
2342340708	In the ________________ case the Supreme Court ruled that a monopoly on steam navigation between New York and New Jersey as had been granted by New York was unconstitutional	Gibbons vs Ogden	85
2342341959	The _______________ movement called for the triumph of the individual	Transcendentalist movement	86
2342343353	It was expected that the role of middle-class women in antebellum America was to focus on __________ and _____________	home and children	87
2342343354	People who established farms on unoccupied lands were known as ________________	"Squatters"	88
2342345905	Nativists did not blame or commend _____________ for the increase in Protestantism	immigrants	89
2342358782	Henry David Thoreau and ________________ believed that freedom was an open-ended process of self-realization	Ralph Waldo Emerson	90
2342358783	____________ was viewed as a personal moral quality more and more closely associated with women	Virtue	91
2342362726	In the opinion of John O'Sullivan an American columnist and editor who coined the term "Manifest Destiny" in 1845 to promote the annexation of Texas and the Oregon Country to the United States believed that _____________ stood in the way of American expansion	The British, The Mexicans, The Spaniards, and The Indians	92
2342363477	Innovations in _____________ and ______________ would serve as the catalysts for the market revolution	transportation and communications	93
2342363478	_____________ is responsible for the innovation which made upstream commerce possible	Robert Fulton	94
2342365217	The invention of ___________ power meant manufacturers no longer had to depend upon water and rapids to generate needed power.	Steam power	95
2342365218	The market revolution allowed Americans to divide time into two major spheres ___________ and ____________	Work and Leisure	96
2342366303	At the ____________ mills, owners occupied free time of women workers with lectures, churches, and periodicals	textile	97
2342367511	In reference to the market revolution ________________ is credited with coining the phrase, "men have now become tools of their tools."	Henry David Thoreau	98
2342368646	The _____________________ is credited with democratizing American Christianity, making it truly a mass enterprise	Second Great Awakening	99

Class Notes

Social Science

Math

Science

Fine Arts

Test Prep

Textbook Notes

Members Only

Forum

Blogs

Textbook Request

HIST 1302 Test #2, Ch. 21-24 (CTC) Flashcards

Hist 1302 Exam 3 Review Flashcards

HIST 1301 FINAL EXAMS (4) Flashcards

Hist 1301 - Exam 3 Flashcards

HIST 1301 Exam 2 Flashcards

HIST 1301 Exam 1 review questions Flashcards

HIST 1301 Exam 4 Flashcards

HIST 1301 Exam 2 Flashcards

HIST 1301, Ch. 5-8 Test #2 (CTC) Flashcards

HIST 1301-Exam 3 Flashcards

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org

You are here

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org