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Environment

Climatology

Subject: 
Human Geography
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Atmospheric sciences
Meteorology
Wind
Ocean currents
Atmospheric dynamics
Vortices
Physical oceanography
Westerlies
Prevailing winds
Trade wind
Antarctic Circumpolar Current
Monsoon
Environment

1 CLIMATOLOGY The Atmosphere The atmosphere is made up of gases and vapour, and receives incoming solar energy from the sun giving rise to what we call climate. We actually live at the bottom of this indefinite layer of atmosphere where the air is densest. Hither up, the air thins out and it is still a matter of conjecture where the atmosphere ends. One estimate puts this limit at about 600 miles above sea level. The lowest layer, in which the weather is confined, is known as the troposphere. It extends from the earth?s surface for a height of 6 miles, and within it temperature normally falls with increasing altitude. The climatic elements such as temperature, precipitation, clouds, pressure and humidity within the troposphere

The Shaping of North America

Subject: 
US History
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Geologic time scale
Phanerozoic
Physical geography
Supercontinents
Extreme points of Earth
Poles
Ocean
Pangaea
Antarctica
Borders of the oceans
Paratethys
Environment
225 million years ago, the world was one piece of dry land called Pangea and one huge ocean. Eventually, everything was spilt becoming Eurasia, Africa, Antarctica, Australia and the America's. Oceans were also rearranged becoming the pacific, Atlantic, Indian and article ocean.

Chapter 3 Figures Living in the Environment Miller

Subject: 
Environmental Science
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Chemistry
Physics
Nuclear physics
Nuclear materials
Chemical elements
State functions
Neutron moderators
Nuclear chemistry
Deuterium
Nuclear fission
Hydrogen
Temperature
Environment
Technology

Stepped Art Figure 3-2 Page 41 Ask a question Do experiments and collect data Formulate hypothesis to explain data Do more experiments to test hypothesis Revise hypothesis if necessary Well-tested and accepted hypotheses become scientific theories Interpret data Well-tested and accepted patterns In data become scientific laws ? 2004 Brooks/Cole ? Thomson Learning Rate of metabolic chemical reactions Heat input from sun and metabolism Heat loss from air cooling skin Heat in body Positive feedback loop Blood temperature in hypothalamus Excess temperature perceived by brain Sweat production by skin Negative feedback loop Figure 3-3 Page 46 Hydrogen (H) 0 n 1 p 1e 1 n 1 p 2 n 1 p 1e 1e Mass number = 0 + 1 = 1 Hydrogen-1 (99.98%) Mass number = 1 + 1 = 2 Hydrogen-2 or deuterium

Unit One Power Point " Living in the Environment" Miller

Subject: 
Environmental Science
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Environment
Environmental social science
economics
Environmentalism
Economic indicators
sustainability
Gross domestic product
Economic growth
globalization

"Only after the last tree has been cut down. Only after the last river has been poisoned. Only after the last fish has been caught. Only then will you find that money cannot be eaten." - Cree Indian Prophecy?? Environmental Science? Natural + Social Sciences How Earth works, how we affect it, what we can do to minimize impact Ch 1: Environmental Problems, Causes and Sustainability Problem: Exponential Population Growth ~6.6 Billion Predict: 7-14 Bill. by 2100 Use too much too fast ? not sustainable Sustainable: provides food, shelter, water, air indefinitely for generations Red-linear, Blue-cubic, Green-exponential The Rule of 70 Exp. Growth: Birth Rate higher than Death Rate Doubling time of pop. depends on % growth rate

Gas laws

Subject: 
Chemistry
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Physics
Chemistry
thermodynamics
Chemical engineering
Gases
Underwater diving
Atmospheric thermodynamics
Gas laws
Ideal gas
Gas
Volume
Partial pressure
Environment

A Gas Uniformly fills any container. Mixes completely with any other gas Exerts pressure on its surroundings. A Gas It might help to define a gas based on the other phases as well. -Movie Clip- Kinetic Molecular Theory 1. Volume of individual particles is ? zero. 2. Collisions of particles with container walls cause pressure exerted by gas. 3. Particles exert no forces on each other. 4. Average kinetic energy ? Kelvin temperature of a gas. The Meaning of Temperature Kelvin temperature is an index of the random motions of gas particles (higher T means greater motion.) -Kinetic Energy Video- Pressure is equal to force/unit area SI units = Newton/meter2 = 1 Pascal (Pa) 1 standard atmosphere = 101,325 Pa 1 standard atmosphere = 1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 760 torr atm mmHg torr

Emerald Ash Borer

Subject: 
Environmental Science
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Buprestidae
Woodboring beetles
Medicinal plants
Emerald ash borer
Fraxinus
Ash Borer
Biology
Zoology
Biological pest control
Flora of the United States
Fraxinus americana
Invasive species in the United States
Environment

APES 7/8/13 Emerald Ash Borer The emerald ash borer is a green beetle with metallic emerald green wings and purple abdomen. The emerald ash borer is very small and is about 15mm long, which makes them hard to find. Emerald ash borer larvae feed only on ash trees. Specifically, they eat the vascular tissues between the bark and sapwood. The emerald ash borer lives in the ash tree.

Living in the Environment Chapter 2 Supplement

Subject: 
Environmental Science
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Physics
Chemistry
Nuclear physics
radioactivity
Nuclear chemistry
Chemical elements
Nuclear fuels
microbiology
Uranium
Ionizing radiation
Nuclear fission
Radiation
Environment

Chapter 2 Science, Systems, Matter, and Energy Chapter Overview Questions What is science, and what do scientists do? What are major components and behaviors of complex systems? What are the basic forms of matter, and what makes matter useful as a resource? What types of changes can matter undergo and what scientific law governs matter? Chapter Overview Questions (cont?d) What are the major forms of energy, and what makes energy useful as a resource? What are two scientific laws governing changes of energy from one form to another? How are the scientific laws governing changes of matter and energy from one form to another related to resource use, environmental degradation and sustainability? Updates Online

Living in the Environment Chapter 1 Supplement

Subject: 
Environmental Science
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Environment
earth
Environmental economics
Environmental social science
Ecology
Millennium Development Goals
environmental science
sustainability
ecological footprint
Resource
Natural capital
Sustainable development

Chapter 1 Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability Chapter Overview Questions What are the main themes of this book? What keeps us alive? What is an environmentally sustainable society? How fast is the human population growing? What is the difference between economic growth, economic development, and environmentally sustainable economic development? Chapter Overview Questions (cont?d) What are the harmful environmental effects of poverty and affluence? What three major human cultural changes have taken place since humans arrived? What are the four scientific principles of sustainability and how can we use them and shared visions to build more environmentally sustainable and just societies during this century? Updates Online

SAT Chem Orgo

Subject: 
Chemistry
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Chemistry
Functional Groups
Chemical elements
Organic compounds
Nonmetals
Acids
Alkane
Carbon
Haloalkane
Hydrogen bond
Nitric acid
Amino acid
Environment

Carbon and Organic Chemistry Carbon?Three allotropic forms: Diamond, graphite, and amorphous Fullerens?New allotropic form of carbon?Near sperical cages of carbon atoms Diamond?Close-pakced crystal structure that gives a property of extreme hardness Carbon?Bonded to four other carbons in a tetraheral arragement Almost endless number of covalent ponds All bonds in this structure are equally strong, therefore very hard and notriously difficult to melt Diamond?Melting point at 3,550 degrees celsius. Synthetic diamonds can be made by putting carbon to extremely high pressurs and temperature Graphite form is made up of planes of hexagonal structures that are wealkly bonded to the planes above and below?Explains the slippery feeling of graphite

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