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European History

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Notes on Friedrich Nietzsche

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Nietzsche Notes Representation and Will: Difference between reality and appearance Will motivates reality ?Nietzsche changes his mind and says will is appearance No doer behind the deed- we make up the doer to understand the deed People give meaning to existence to make sense of world Primal unity Socrates and Reason: Nietzsche- healthier to embrace chaos of world Socrates denies meaninglessness and chaos in world Trying to grasp and fix something you can?t Because too weak to do so Good and Evil: Good created by nobles, to give themselves value Two words didn?t have any meaning (just titles) ?then, weak started to resent nobles?reversal of meanings Masters also represented violence, etc. Now, words once good are now bad (greed, strength, etc.), and vice versa

Causes of World War I

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Unification of Italy Unification of Italy A. Sense of nationalism grows 1. The work of Mazzini a. Started the Young Italians b. Learn Italian History B. The work of Cavour 1. Worked in Sardinia for Victor Emmanuel II 2. Unified Northern Italy C. The work of Garibaldi 1. Freedom fighter in South America 2. Created Redshirts 3. Unified Southern Italy D. Impact of the unification of Italy 1. Upset the European balance of power 2. Italy wants an Empire Count Cavour Garibaldi Unification of Germany A. the father land 1. means an aggressive nation 2. a nation born through struggle B. Otto von Bismarck 1. known as the ?Iron Chancellor? 2. expected Germans to sacrifice themselves C. the use of iron and blood

The Western Experience 9th Edition Ch. 12 Notes

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Chapter 12 Outline The Founding of Humanism Scholasticism had little to offer Europe?s small lay population, however demand was strong for practical and useful training, and Scholasticism offered no moral guidance. Minor branch, rhetoric, was concerned with art of good speaking and writing. Began to turn to Latin Classics, supported by the countless Classical monuments Rhetoricians began to argue that education should be reformed to give more attention to classics and lead people into moral lives. Created humanism. Came to mean Classical scholarship, wanted to master the classics. Sought to enrich than to undermine traditional religious attitudes. Petrarch Sought to emulate Virgil by writing a Latin epic poem, got him the title of ?poet laureate? and crowned in Rome in 1341.

Industrial Revolution

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The Industrial Revolution Study Guide Honors European Studies Any material from notes, homework assignments, in-class worksheets or writing activities could show up on the test. The test will consist of multiple choice, matching, short answer and essay questions. Industrial Revolution Pre-Revolution Situation (farms/causes of new inventions) 1700s Farms were owned by the wealthy England?s small farms were bought by wealthy landowners to create larger farms. Jethro Tull invents seed drill to make sure seeds can germinate Crop rotation instead of three field system Selective animal reproduction Significant Increase in Food Supply More people could be fed with less $ and less labor More babies were made The extra people could provide surplus labor for new factories

Reformation

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The Reformation Study Guide Honors European Studies Pratik Vaidya Any material from guided notes, homework assignments, quiz questions, in-class worksheets or writing activities could show up on the test. Pre-Reformers: Motivated by the Corruption in the church Highest members of clergy held by nobles Nepotism: the appointment of family members to church positions Excessive excommunication in the church Luther Background ? Born in Germany in 1493 German theologian and Augustinian monk whose teachings inspired the protestant reformation; his reformation called the church to return the teachings of the Bible, first viral media influence, translated the Bible into German, etc. His father was strict and wanted him to become a lawyer studying at University of Erfuhrt

Revolution and the Reimposition of Order

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Palmer Chapter 12 1 Revolutions and the Reimposition of Order Revolution and the Reimposition of Order Chapter XII. Sections 58-62 pp. 500-541 ?Never before or since has Europe seen so truly universal an upheaval as in 1848....In 1848 the revolutionary movement broke out spontaneously from native sources from Copenhagen to Palermo and from Paris to Budapest. Contemporaries sometimes attributed the universality of the phenomenon to the machinations of secret societies...but the fact is that revolutionary plotters had little influence upon what actually happened....Many people wanted substantially the same things--constitutional government, the independence and unification of national groups, an end

Revolution and the Reimposition of Order

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Palmer Chapter 12 1 Revolutions and the Reimposition of Order Revolution and the Reimposition of Order Chapter XII. Sections 58-62 pp. 500-541 ?Never before or since has Europe seen so truly universal an upheaval as in 1848....In 1848 the revolutionary movement broke out spontaneously from native sources from Copenhagen to Palermo and from Paris to Budapest. Contemporaries sometimes attributed the universality of the phenomenon to the machinations of secret societies...but the fact is that revolutionary plotters had little influence upon what actually happened....Many people wanted substantially the same things--constitutional government, the independence and unification of national groups, an end

French Revolution

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2) Beliefs: French Revolutionaries The Protests (Students against the Government): Disappointments with the educational system New dormitory reforms, for the idea of having the opposite sex in the dorms Wanted a change in the school program Class sizes and the teacher to student ratio Teachers provide no attention to students Overcrowding in the school: Student population rises throughout France in great numbers: 170,000 to 514,000. Closing of Nanterre and Sorbonne (Bernard) Other Reforms the students protested for: End to the Vietnam War Sexual and artistic freedom Labour and government reform (Bernard) Requests:

Project

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Essay #1 From the period of 1640-1786, Prussia rose to find itself among one of the strongest nations in Europe due to the emergence of its military reforms which contributed to the emergence of a large and effective military, through the idea of an absolute monarchy, and through social reforms. The main people who contributed to the effects of the emergence of a great military was Fredrick William I, and Fredrick the Great. The absolutist monarchies were greatly established by Fredrick William I and the Great Elector- Fredrick William. Lastly, social class and social reformation was influenced by religion and the Junkers, which led to the rise of Prussia among other nations in Europe. Military: Fredrick William I:

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