health

Chapter 12: Stress, Coping, and Health The Relationship Between Stress and Disease Contagious diseases vs. chronic diseases Biopsychosocial model Health psychology Health promotion and maintenance Discovery of causation, prevention, and treatment Stress as an Everyday Event Major stressors vs. routine hassles Cumulative nature of stress Cognitive appraisals Major Types of Stress Frustration: blocked goal Conflict: incompatible motivations Approach-approach Avoidance-avoidance Approach-avoidance Change: having to adapt Social Readjustment Rating Scale Life Change Units Pressure Perform/conform Figure 12.2 Types of conflict Responding to Stress Emotionally Emotional responses Annoyance, anger, rage Apprehension, anxiety, fear Dejection, sadness, grief Positive emotions

Chapter 7: Human Memory Human Memory: Basic Questions How does information get into memory? How is information maintained in memory? How is information pulled back out of memory? Figure 7.2 Three key processes in memory Encoding: Getting Information Into Memory The role of attention Focusing awareness Divided attention Encoding: Getting Information into Memory The role of attention Levels of processing Incoming information processed at different levels Deeper processing = longer lasting memory codes Encoding levels: Structural = shallow Phonemic = intermediate Semantic = deep Figure 7.3 Levels-of-processing theory Enriching Encoding Elaboration = linking a stimulus to other information at the time of encoding Thinking of examples

Chapter 3: The Biological Bases of Behavior Communication in the Nervous System Glia ? structural support and insulation Neurons ? communication Soma ? cell body Dendrites ? receive Axon ? transmit away Myelin sheath ? speeds up transmission Terminal Button ? end of axon; secretes neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters ? chemical messengers Figure 3.1 Structure of the neuron The Neuron at Rest Hodgkin & Huxley (1952) - giant squid Fluids inside and outside neuron Electrically charged particles (ions) Neuron at rest ? negative charge on inside compared to outside -70 millivolts ? resting potential The Action Potential Stimulation causes cell membrane to open briefly Positively charged sodium ions flow in Shift in electrical charge travels along neuron The Action Potential