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Physics

Living in the Environment Chapter 2 Supplement

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Environmental Science
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Radiation
Environment

Chapter 2 Science, Systems, Matter, and Energy Chapter Overview Questions What is science, and what do scientists do? What are major components and behaviors of complex systems? What are the basic forms of matter, and what makes matter useful as a resource? What types of changes can matter undergo and what scientific law governs matter? Chapter Overview Questions (cont?d) What are the major forms of energy, and what makes energy useful as a resource? What are two scientific laws governing changes of energy from one form to another? How are the scientific laws governing changes of matter and energy from one form to another related to resource use, environmental degradation and sustainability? Updates Online

SAT Chem Notes

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Chemistry
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Electrodes
Electricity
Electrolytic cell
Electrolysis
Cathode
Anode
Technology

Redox and Electrochemistry Water solutions of certain substances conduct an electric current ?These substances are lectrolytes It is a sustance that dissolves in water to form a solution that will conduct an electric current If it does not coduct at all?Nonelectrolytes The reason that substances vary in their ability to conduct is related to number of ions in solution Ionic lattice substances?Sodium chloride?Dissociated by water molecules so that the individual positive and negative ions are dispresed throughout the solution Covalent bond?Degree of polarity determines the extent to which it will be ionized Water molecules help waken and finally break the polar covalent bonds Ionization? When ions are formed Dissociation?Ionic lattice comes apart

Physics Practice Problems

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Physics
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energy
Introductory physics
Forms of energy
Classical mechanics
Physical quantities
State functions
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
Work
Force
Mass–energy equivalence

CHAPTER 6 REVIEW NAME_________________________________________ 1) Can work be done on a system if there is no motion? A) Yes, if an outside force is provided. B) Yes, since motion is only relative. C) No, since a system which is not moving has no energy. D) No, because of the way work is defined. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: BI Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.1 3) If you push twice as hard against a stationary brick wall, the amount of work you do A) doubles. B) is cut in half. C) remains constant but non-zero. D) remains constant at zero. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: BI Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 6.1

Physics AQA GCSE A/A* Revision Notes

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Physics
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Electromagnetism
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magnetism
Nikola Tesla
Transformers
Coil
Helices
Electromagnet
Magnetic field
Electric motor
Magnet
Camera lens

Physics-p3 1.1 X-Rays Part of the electromagnetic spectrum; they have a high frequency and short wavelength. X-rays are used to form images of bone on photographic film to check for fractures and dental fractures. This is done because they are transmitted by healthy tissue and absorbed by bone. X-rays affect photographic film in the same way as light. Charge-coupled devices (CCDs) are used to form electronic images of the body. X-rays are used to make images and CT scans (cross sections through the body). They are also used to destroy tumors at or near the body surface. Precautions must be taken when using X-rays as they cause ionization and can damage living tissue. Workers should wear film badges (to monitor exposure) and use lead screens to shield them when possible.

Honors Physics Study Guide

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Physics
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Introductory physics
Physical quantities
motion
Classical mechanics
State functions
Force
energy
Momentum
Kinetic Energy
Work
Gas

Vectors How to find the final magnitude when you?ve got the horizontal and vertical components How to find the final direction (angle) when you?ve got the horizontal and vertical components How to find the horizontal and vertical components of something Scalar product of two vectors Vector product of two vectors Kinematics Definition of displacement Definition of average speed Definition of average velocity Definition of instantaneous velocity Definition of average acceleration Definition of instantaneous acceleration Kinematics equations Kinematics equations for free-fall motion Kinematics equations for projectile motion Dynamics

States of Matter

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Chemistry
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thermodynamics
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Gases
State functions
Physical quantities
Avogadro's law
Partial pressure
Properties of water
Kinetic theory
Amount of substance

Chem 110 Chapter 5 Test Review States of Matter: Gases, Liquids and Solids Changes in State Changes in state are considered physical changes. Other physical properties may also change during a change in state. 4 States of Matter are: Gases, Liquids, Solids Comparison of Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids, and Solids Property Gas Liquid Solid Volume and Shape Expands to fill the volume of its container and takes the shape of its container. Has a fixed volume at a given mass and temperature. Volume depends on its mass and temperature. It assumes the shape of its container. Has a fixed volume which is dependent on its mass and temperature. It has a definite shape. Density Compressibility Particle Motion Low High Virtually free High Very low

Chapter 2 Outline

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Environmental Science
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Baryons
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matter
Neutron
Nuclear fusion
Isotope
Chemical element
Environment
#environmentalscience

SCIENCE, MATTER, ENERGY, AND SYSTEMS p.28-49 Core Case Study ? Carrying Out a Controlled Scientific Experiment o controlled experiment- a way in which scientists learn about how nature works is to conduct a controlled experiment o variables- factors that can change within a system or situation being studied o single-variable analysis- an experiment designed to isolate and study the effects of one variable at a time o experimental group- a chosen variable is changed in a known way o control group- the chosen variable is not changed 2-1 What Is Science p.29-35 ? Science Is a Search for Order in Nature o science- an endeavor to discover how nature works and to use that knowledge to make predictions

Prentice Hall AP Chem. Chapter 2 notes

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John Dalton
Atomic theory
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Molecule
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Chemical element
ion
Polyatomic ion
Proton
Atomic theory
atoms
molecules
ions

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College St. Peters, MO ? 2006, Prentice Hall, Inc. Chemistry, The Central Science, 10th edition Theodore L. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay, Jr.; and Bruce E. Bursten Atomic Theory of Matter The theory that atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter reemerged in the early 19th century, championed by John Dalton. Dalton?s Postulates Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms. Dalton?s Postulates All atoms of a given element are identical to one another in mass and other properties, but the atoms of one element are different from the atoms of all other elements. Dalton?s Postulates

Prentice Hall AP Chem. Chapter 1 notes

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Chemistry
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Matter
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matter
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thermodynamics
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Distillation
Measuring instrument
Chemical element
Physical change
measurement

Chapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College St. Peters, MO ? 2006, Prentice Hall Chemistry, The Central Science, 10th edition Theodore L. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay, Jr.; and Bruce E. Bursten Chemistry: The study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Scientific Method: A systematic approach to solving problems. Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter Atoms are the building blocks of matter. Matter Atoms are the building blocks of matter. Each element is made of the same kind of atom. Matter Atoms are the building blocks of matter. Each element is made of the same kind of atom. A compound is made of two or more different kinds of elements. States of Matter Classification of Matter

Campbell Biology Chapter 2 outline

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Biology
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Physics
Nuclear physics
Baryons
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Subatomic particles
Nuclear chemistry
Atomic nucleus
Electron
Neutron
Matter
Periodic table
Chemical element
Technology
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Chemical bonding
Physics
Chemical bond
Valence electron
electron
Covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
ion
Chemical reaction
Atomic number
Proton
Technology
#AP Bio #CampbellBiology #Chapter 2 #Outline

SUBATOMIC PARTICLES Proton ? 1 positive charge (P+) Neutron ? no charge (N0) Electron ? 1 negative charge (E+) Nucleus An atom's dense central core, containing protons and neutrons. Electrons move around the nucleus Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space Elements Substance that cannot be broken down by a chemical reaction 92 occur naturally 25 of which are essential for life Bulk elements Required by the body in large amounts C N H O (make up 96% of the body) Trace elements Required by the body in small amounts Ultra trace elements Required by the body in minute amounts Atoms Smallest unit of matter that still retains properties of an element Weight Add proton and neutrons together for weight of nucleus Every proton and neutron weights one Dalton

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