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Chemistry

chapter 10 note

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Chapter 10 Photosynthesis Overview: The Process That Feeds the Biosphere Photosynthesis Is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy Plants and other autotrophs Are the producers of the biosphere Plants are photoautotrophs They use the energy of sunlight to make organic molecules from water and carbon dioxide Figure 10.1 Photosynthesis Occurs in plants, algae, certain other protists, and some prokaryotes These organisms use light energy to drive the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and (in most cases) water. They feed not only themselves, but the entire living world. (a) On land, plants are the predominant producers of food. In aquatic environments, photosynthetic organisms include (b) multicellular algae, such

chapter 10 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Use the following information to answer the questions below. Thomas Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light. 1) What did he conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas? A) Bacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths.

chapter 9 question

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following statements concerning the breakdown of glucose to CO2 and water is (are) true? A) Adding electrons to another substance is known as reduction. B) The breakdown of glucose is exergonic. C) An electron acceptor is called the reducing agent. D) A and B only are correct. E) A, B, and C are correct. 2) The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is directly involved in A) the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. B) accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain. C) glycolysis. D) the citric acid cycle. E) the phosphorylation of ADP. 3) All of the following statements about NAD+ are true except:

Semester 1 Final Study Guide

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Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide, Chapters 1-8 Chapter 1. Matter and Change Chemistry ? the study of matter and its changes Branches of Chemistry ? 1. Organic Chemistry ? substances containing carbon 2. Inorganic Chemistry ? substances not containing carbon 3. Biochemistry ? chemistry of living things DNA, protein, lipids, carbohydrates 4. Physical Chemistry ? properties and changes of matter with respect to energy 5. Analytical Chemistry ? identification of components and composition of matter. 6. Theoretic Chemistry ? creates mathematical models of chemical behavior Chemical ? any substance with a definite composition Mass ? amount of matter Matter ? takes up space and has mass

Acid and Base Lab (unanswered)

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Name:______________________________________ Data EXPERIMENT 1 Litmus Paper ? COLOR CHANGE ? HYDROCLORIC ACID SODIUM HYDROXIDE RED LITMUS PAPER ? ? BLUE LTIMUS PAPER ? ? EXPERIMENT 2 Cabbage Indicator ? COLOR CHANGE AFTER 5 DROPS COLOR CHANGE AFTER 10 DROPS TEST TUBE 1 ? ? CABBAGE INDICATOR W/ HYDROCHLORIC ACID ? ? ? TEST TUBE 2 ? ? CABBAGE INDICATOR W/ SODIUM HYDROXIDE EXPERIMENT 3 Neutralization Reaction Describe what color changes you observed as you combined the content of the two test tubes. EXPERIMENT 4 Hydrion Paper ? COLOR CHANGE pH HYDROCHLORC ACID ? ? SODIUM HYDROXIDE ? ? CARBONC ACID (SELTZER WATER) ? ? ACETIC ACID (VINEGAR) ? ? MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE & ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE

campbell_ap_bio_practice_test_ch9

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Chapter?9 Cellular?Respiration:?Harvesting?Chemical?Energy Multiple-Choice?Questions 1) What?is?the?term?for?metabolic?pathways?that?release?stored?energy?by?breaking?down?complex?molecules? A) anabolic?pathways B) catabolic?pathways C) fermentation?pathways D) thermodynamic?pathways E) bioenergetic?pathways Answer: B Topic: Concept?9.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) The?molecule?that?functions?as?the?reducing?agent?(electron?donor)?in?a?redox?or?oxidation-reduction?reaction A) gains?electrons?and?gains?energy. B) loses?electrons?and?loses?energy. C) gains?electrons?and?loses?energy. D) loses?electrons?and?gains?energy. E) neither?gains?nor?loses?electrons,?but?gains?or?loses?energy. Answer: B Topic: Concept?9.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

campbell_ap_bio_practice_test_ch8

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Chapter?8 An?Introduction?to?Metabolism Multiple-Choice?Questions 1) Which?term?most?precisely?describes?the?cellular?process?of?breaking?down?large?molecules?into?smaller?ones? A) catalysis B) metabolism C) anabolism D) dehydration E) catabolism Answer: E Topic: Concept?8.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) Which?of?the?following?is?(are)?true?for?anabolic?pathways? A) They?do?not?depend?on?enzymes. B) They?are?usually?highly?spontaneous?chemical?reactions. C) They?consume?energy?to?build?up?polymers?from?monomers. D) They?release?energy?as?they?degrade?polymers?to?monomers. Answer: C Topic: Concept?8.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 3) Which?of?the?following?is?a?statement?of?the?first?law?of?thermodynamics? A) Energy?cannot?be?created?or?destroyed.

campbell_ap_bio_practice_test_ch5

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Chapter?5 The?Structure?and?Function?of?Large?Biological?Molecules Multiple-Choice?Questions 1) For?this?pair?of?items,?choose?the?option?that?best?describes?their?relationship. (A)?The?number?of?alpha?glucose?1-4?linkages?in?cellulose (B)?The?number?of?alpha?glucose?1-4?linkages?in?starch A) Item?(A)?is?greater?than?item?(B). B) Item?(A)?is?less?than?item?(B). C) Item?(A)?is?exactly?or?very?approximately?equal to?item?(B). D) Item?(A)?may?stand?in?more?than?one?of?the?above?relations?to?item?(B). Answer: B Topic: Concept?5.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) For?this?pair?of?items,?choose?the?option?that?best?describes?their?relationship. (A)?The?probability?of?finding?chitin?in?fungal?cell?walls (B)?The?probability?of?finding?chitin?in?arthropod?exoskeletons

campbell_ap_bio_practice_test_ch4

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Chapter?4 Carbon?and?the?Molecular?Diversity?of?Life Multiple-Choice?Questions 1) Organic?chemistry?is?a?science?based?on?the?study?of A) functional?groups. B) vital?forces?interacting?with?matter. C) carbon?compounds. D) water?and?its?interaction?with?other?kinds?of?molecules. E) inorganic?compounds. Answer: C Topic: Concept?4.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) Early?19th-century?scientists?believed?that?living?organisms?differed?from?nonliving?things?as?a?result?of possessing?a??life?force??that?could?create?organic?molecules?from?inorganic?matter.?The?term?given?to?this?belief is A) organic?synthesis. B) vitalism. C) mechanism. D) organic?evolution. E) inorganic?synthesis. Answer: B Topic: Concept?4.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

campbell_ap_bio_practice_test_ch2

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Chapter?2 The?Chemical?Context?of?Life Multiple-Choice?Questions 1) About?25?of?the?92?natural?elements?are?known?to?be?essential?to?life.?Which?four?of?these?25?elements?make?up approximately?96%?of?living?matter? A) carbon,?sodium,?chlorine,?nitrogen B) carbon,?sulfur,?phosphorus,?hydrogen C) oxygen,?hydrogen,?calcium,?sodium D) carbon,?hydrogen,?nitrogen,?oxygen E) carbon,?oxygen,?sulfur,?calcium Answer: D Topic: Concept?2.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) Trace?elements?are?those?required?by?an?organism?in?only?minute?quantities.?Which?of?the?following?is?a?trace element?that?is?required?by?humans?and?other?vertebrates? A) nitrogen B) calcium C) iodine D) sodium E) phosphorus Answer: C Topic: Concept?2.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

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