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Biology

The Black Death

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World History
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Black Death
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Plague
Bacteria
Flea
Famine
Great Famine of 1315–1317
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health
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Black death
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bacteria
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the black death
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The Black Death 1347- 1351 The Famine of 1315-1317 By 1300 Europeans were farming almost all the land the could cultivate A population crisis developed Climate changes in Europe produced three years of crop failures between 1315-17 because of excessive rain. As many as 15% of the peasants in some English villages died. One consequence of starvation & poverty was susceptibility to disease. 1347: Plague Reaches Constantinople! The Symptoms Bulbous Septicemic Form: almost 100% mortality rate The Disease Cycle Flea drinks rat blood that carries the bacteria Bacteria multiply in flea?s guy Flea?s guy clogged with bacteria Flea bites human and regurgitates blood into human wound Human is infected! Boccaccio in The Decameron

Chapter 2 power points. Campbell Biology, 9th edition

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Biology
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Chemistry
Behavior
Rubiaceae
Symbiosis
Personal life
Evolutionary biology
Duroia
Ant
Jane Reece
Neil Campbell
Formic acid
Biology
Health
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Chemistry
Chemical bonding
Quantum chemistry
Chemical properties
Atomic physics
Theoretical chemistry
Chemical bond
Valence electron
Lewis structure
ion
Orbital hybridisation
Covalent bond
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Campbell Biology 9th edition
chapter 2
Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life Camobell Bio 9th Edition

? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Lectures by Erin Barley Kathleen Fitzpatrick The Chemical Context of Life Chapter 2 Overview: A Chemical Connection to Biology ? Biology is a multidisciplinary science ? Living organisms are subject to basic laws of physics and chemistry ? One example is the use of formic acid by ants to maintain ?devil?s gardens,? stands of Duroia trees ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 2.2 Duroia tree Devil?s garden Cedrela sapling Inside, unprotected Inside, protected Insect barrier Outside, protected Outside, unprotected EXPERIMENT

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapter 5 Outline

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Biology
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Chemistry
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Biochemistry
Molecules
Polymer chemistry
Macromolecule
Biomolecule
Polymer
Monomer
Protein
Nucleic acid
DNA, RNA and proteins: The three essential macromolecules of life
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nutrition
Carbohydrate chemistry
biochemistry
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The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Outline

Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Outline The Molecules of Life Macromolecules: carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids Architecture of a large biological molecule helps explain how that molecule works Macromolecules are Polymers, Built from Monomers Polymer: A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds, much as a train consists of a chain of cars Monomers: The repeating units that serve as the building blocks of a polymer Synthesis and Breakdown of Polymers Enzymes: Specialized macromolecules that speed up chemical reactions Dehyrdration Reaction: Two molecules are covalently bonded to each other, with the loss of a water molecule

Photosynthesis Notes

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Biology
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Photosynthetic pigments
Biological pigment
Oxygen
Absorption
Light-harvesting complex
Chlorophyll a
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biochemistry
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Photophosphorylation
Photorespiration
Photosystem
RuBisCO
Light-independent reactions
Calvin cycle

Photosynthesis Wednesday, March 06, 2013 11:00 PM ? Photosynthesis Photosynthesis - the process of converting energy in sunlight to energy in chemical bonds, especially glucose 6CO2 + 6H2O + light -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 Begins with light-absorbing pigments in plant cells A pigment molecule is able to absorb energy from light only within a narrow range of wavelengths In order to absorb as much of the entire bandwidth from sunlight as possible, different pigments, capable of absorbing different wavelengths, act together to optimize energy absorption These pigments include the green chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b and the carotenoids, which are red, orange, or yellow

Cellular Respiration Notes

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Biology
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Citric acid cycle
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Respiration
Oxidative phosphorylation
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Environment
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Citric acid cycle
Electron transport chain
Crista
mitochondrion
Technology

Cellular Respiration Wednesday, March 06, 2013 5:23 PM ? Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration - an ATP-generating process that occurs within cells; energy is extracted from energy-rich glucose to form ATP from ADP and phosphate C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy Glucose + air = carbon dioxide + water + energy Aerobic respiration - cellular respiration in the presence of O2; divided into three components: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation ? Glycolysis Glycolysis - the decomposition (lysis) of glucose (glyco) to pyruvate (or pyruvic acid); nine intermediate products are formed and, of course, each one is catalyzed by an enzyme; in six of the steps, magnesium ions are cofactors that promote enzyme activity; summary of the steps:

Campbell Biology 9th Ch. 26 Powerpoint

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Biology
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Scientific classification
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Evolutionary biology
Phylogenetics
Systematics
Biology
Lizard
Evolution
Tree of life
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Phylogenetics
Science
Biology
taxonomy
Cladistics
Systematics
Paraphyly
Homology
Monophyly
Molecular phylogenetics
Linnaean taxonomy
Clade
education
Campbell Biology

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life Chapter 26 Overview: Investigating the Tree of Life Legless lizards have evolved independently in several different groups ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 26.1 Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species or group of related species The discipline of systematics classifies organisms and determines their evolutionary relationships Systematists use fossil, molecular, and genetic data to infer evolutionary relationships ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Concept 26.1: Phylogenies show evolutionary relationships Taxonomy is the ordered division and naming of organisms ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Binomial Nomenclature In the 18th century, Carolus Linnaeus published a system of taxonomy based on resemblances

Campbell Biology Chapter 1 outline

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Biology
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Heredity
On the Origin of Species
Evolution
Adaptation
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Species
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anatomy
Endocrine system
glands
Head and neck
Peptide hormones
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evolution
Natural selection
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Hypothalamus
health
#AP Bio #CampbellBiology #Chapter 1 #Outline

CHAPTER 1 *** January 9th, 2013 2 BIOLOGY IS? Life is made of: The properties of Life: Order Evolutionary adaptation Response to the environment Reproduction Growth & Development Energy processing Regulation EVOLUTION: THE PROCESS OF CHANGE THAT HAS TRANSFORMED LIFE ON EARTH Fossils Prove Evolution Darwin?s Origin of Species (1859) ?Decent with Modification? Descent with modification refers to the passing on of traits from parent organisms to their offspring. This passing on of traits is known as heredity, and the basic unit of heredity is the gene. History of Human Evolution Natural Selection

AP Environmental Science Miller 17th Edition Ch.3 Cycles

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Environmental Science
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Ecology
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Biogeography
Geochemistry
Chemical oceanography
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Carbon cycle
Carbon dioxide
Nutrient cycle
Water cycle
Environment
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Biogeochemical cycle
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Soil biology
Photosynthesis
Carbon Cycle
Carbon dioxide
Nutrient cycle
Water cycle
Environment
Miller
APES ch.3
cycles

APES CH.3 CYCLES Biogeochemical/nutrient cycles- the elements and compounds that make up nutrients move continually through air, water, soil, rock, and living organisms within ecosystems as well as in the biosphere. Driven directly/indirectly by solar energy and gravity are the hydrologic, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur cycles.

Introduction to Biology Ch.1

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Biology
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Photosynthetic pigments
Tetrapyrroles
Photosynthesis
Organelles
Plant physiology
Chloroplast
Chlorophyll
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Bio 220 Campbell 9th Edition Chapter 1

Evolution- the process of change that has transformed life on earth from its earliest beginning to the diversity of organisms living today Fundamental organizing principle of biology ? 1.1 The study of life extends from the microscopic scale of the molecules and cells that make up organisms to the global scale of the entire living planet Emergent Properties- The arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases. Although photosynthesis occurs in intact chloroplasts, it will not take place in a disorganized test-tube mixture of chlorophyll and other chloroplast molecules . Photosynthesis requires a specific organization of these molecules in the chloroplast. Theme: New properties emerge at each level in the biological hierarchy

Unit 1 Biology Review

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Biology
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Cell biology
Cytoskeleton
Cell
Eukaryote
Organelle
Intermediate filament
Biological membrane
Microtubule
Health
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Biology
Cell Theory Outline etc

An Overview of Eucaryotic Cell Structure Eucaryotic cells have membrane-delimited nuclei In addition to the nucleus, eucaryotic cells have other membrane-bound organelles that perform specific functions within the cells; this allows simultaneous independent control The large membrane surface area of eucaryotic cells allows greater respiratory and photosynthetic activity The Cytoplasmic Matrix, Microfilaments, Intermediate Filaments, and Microtubules The cytoplasmic matrix, although superficially featureless, provides the complex environment required for many cellular activities Microfilaments (4 to 7 nm) may be scattered throughout the matrix or organized into networks and parallel arrays; they play a major role in cell motion and cell shape changes

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